Evaluating the QSO contribution to the 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn
Abstract
The upcoming radio interferometer Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is expected to directly detect the redshifted 21-cm signal from the neutral hydrogen present during the Cosmic Dawn. Temperature fluctuations from X-ray heating of the neutral intergalactic medium can dominate the fluctuations in the 21-cm signal from this time. This heating depends on the abundance, clustering, and properties of the X-ray sources present, which remain highly uncertain. We present a suite of three new large-volume, 349\,Mpc a side, fully numerical radiative transfer simulations including QSO-like sources, extending the work previously presented in Ross et al. (2017). The results show that our QSOs have a modest contribution to the heating budget, yet significantly impact the 21-cm signal. Initially, the power spectrum is boosted on large scales by heating from the biased QSO-like sources, before decreasing on all scales. Fluctuations from images of the 21-cm signal with resolutions corresponding to SKA1-Low at the appropriate redshifts are well above the expected noise for deep integrations, indicating that imaging could be feasible for all the X-ray source models considered. The most notable contribution of the QSOs is a dramatic increase in non-Gaussianity of the signal, as measured by the skewness and kurtosis of the 21-cm probability distribution functions. Furthermore, in the case of late Lyman-$$\alpha$$ saturation, this non-Gaussianity could be dramatically decreased particularly when heating occurs earlier. We conclude that increased non-Gaussianity is a promising signature of rare X-ray sources at this time, provided that Lyman-$$\alpha$$ saturation occurs before heating dominates the 21-cm signal.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[3];
[4];
[3]
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of Sussex, Brighton (United Kingdom); Stockholm Univ., Stockholm (Sweden)
- Univ. of Sussex, Brighton (United Kingdom); New York Univ. Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)
- Stockholm Univ., Stockholm (Sweden)
- Univ. of Sussex, Brighton (United Kingdom)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1564050
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 487; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Publisher:
- Royal Astronomical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; radiative transfer; cosmology: dark ages; reionizaion; first stars; galaxies: quasars: general; intergalactic medium; cosmology: theory; cosmology: large-scale structure of Universe
Citation Formats
Ross, Hannah E., Dixon, Keri L., Ghara, Raghunath, Iliev, Ilian T., and Mellema, Garrelt. Evaluating the QSO contribution to the 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1220.
Ross, Hannah E., Dixon, Keri L., Ghara, Raghunath, Iliev, Ilian T., & Mellema, Garrelt. Evaluating the QSO contribution to the 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn. United States. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1220.
Ross, Hannah E., Dixon, Keri L., Ghara, Raghunath, Iliev, Ilian T., and Mellema, Garrelt. Sat .
"Evaluating the QSO contribution to the 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn". United States. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1220. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1564050.
@article{osti_1564050,
title = {Evaluating the QSO contribution to the 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn},
author = {Ross, Hannah E. and Dixon, Keri L. and Ghara, Raghunath and Iliev, Ilian T. and Mellema, Garrelt},
abstractNote = {The upcoming radio interferometer Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is expected to directly detect the redshifted 21-cm signal from the neutral hydrogen present during the Cosmic Dawn. Temperature fluctuations from X-ray heating of the neutral intergalactic medium can dominate the fluctuations in the 21-cm signal from this time. This heating depends on the abundance, clustering, and properties of the X-ray sources present, which remain highly uncertain. We present a suite of three new large-volume, 349\,Mpc a side, fully numerical radiative transfer simulations including QSO-like sources, extending the work previously presented in Ross et al. (2017). The results show that our QSOs have a modest contribution to the heating budget, yet significantly impact the 21-cm signal. Initially, the power spectrum is boosted on large scales by heating from the biased QSO-like sources, before decreasing on all scales. Fluctuations from images of the 21-cm signal with resolutions corresponding to SKA1-Low at the appropriate redshifts are well above the expected noise for deep integrations, indicating that imaging could be feasible for all the X-ray source models considered. The most notable contribution of the QSOs is a dramatic increase in non-Gaussianity of the signal, as measured by the skewness and kurtosis of the 21-cm probability distribution functions. Furthermore, in the case of late Lyman-$\alpha$ saturation, this non-Gaussianity could be dramatically decreased particularly when heating occurs earlier. We conclude that increased non-Gaussianity is a promising signature of rare X-ray sources at this time, provided that Lyman-$\alpha$ saturation occurs before heating dominates the 21-cm signal.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/stz1220},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 1,
volume = 487,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {5}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 4 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
An absorption profile centred at 78 megahertz in the sky-averaged spectrum
journal, March 2018
- Bowman, Judd D.; Rogers, Alan E. E.; Monsalve, Raul A.
- Nature, Vol. 555, Issue 7694
The impacts of ultraviolet radiation feedback on galaxies during the epoch of reionization
journal, October 2012
- Hasegawa, Kenji; Semelin, Benoit
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 428, Issue 1
Signatures of X-rays in the early Universe
journal, March 2013
- Mesinger, Andrei; Ferrara, Andrea; Spiegel, David S.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 431, Issue 1
Calibrating cosmological radiative transfer simulations with Ly α forest data: evidence for large spatial UV background fluctuations at z ∼ 5.6–5.8 due to rare bright sources
journal, September 2015
- Chardin, Jonathan; Haehnelt, Martin G.; Aubert, Dominique
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 453, Issue 3
Radiative feedback from high-mass X-ray binaries on the formation of the first galaxies and early reionization
journal, April 2014
- Jeon, Myoungwon; Pawlik, Andreas H.; Bromm, Volker
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 440, Issue 4
21-cm fluctuations from inhomogeneous X-ray heating before reionization
journal, March 2007
- Pritchard, Jonathan R.; Furlanetto, Steven R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 376, Issue 4
Resolving the Formation of Protogalaxies. III. Feedback from the First Stars
journal, September 2008
- Wise, John H.; Abel, Tom
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 685, Issue 1
No evidence for a significant AGN contribution to cosmic hydrogen reionization
journal, November 2017
- Parsa, Shaghayegh; Dunlop, James S.; McLure, Ross J.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 474, Issue 3
Thermal constraints on the reionization of hydrogen by Population II stellar sources: Thermal constraints on hydrogen reionization
journal, March 2012
- Raskutti, Sudhir; Bolton, James S.; Wyithe, J. Stuart B.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 421, Issue 3
The observable signature of late heating of the Universe during cosmic reionization
journal, February 2014
- Fialkov, Anastasia; Barkana, Rennan; Visbal, Eli
- Nature, Vol. 506, Issue 7487
A simulation-calibrated limit on the H i power spectrum from the GMRT Epoch of Reionization experiment
journal, May 2013
- Paciga, Gregory; Albert, Joshua G.; Bandura, Kevin
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 433, Issue 1
Super-Eddington QSO RX J0439.6−5311 – I. Origin of the soft X-ray excess and structure of the inner accretion flow
journal, March 2017
- Jin, Chichuan; Done, Chris; Ward, Martin
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 468, Issue 3
Galaxy Properties and uv Escape Fractions During the Epoch of Reionization: Results from the Renaissance Simulations
journal, December 2016
- Xu, Hao; Wise, John H.; Norman, Michael L.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 833, Issue 1
Cosmological Impact of Population iii Binaries
journal, March 2015
- Chen, Ke-Jung; Bromm, Volker; Heger, Alexander
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 802, Issue 1
Grb 080913 at Redshift 6.7
journal, March 2009
- Greiner, J.; Krühler, T.; Fynbo, J. P. U.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 693, Issue 2
RAPID DECLINE OF Lyα EMISSION TOWARD THE REIONIZATION ERA
journal, September 2014
- Tilvi, V.; Papovich, C.; Finkelstein, S. L.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 794, Issue 1
Distinctive 21-cm structures of the first stars, galaxies and quasars
journal, October 2014
- Yajima, H.; Li, Y.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 445, Issue 4
The redshift evolution of escape fraction of hydrogen ionizing photons from galaxies
journal, February 2016
- Khaire, Vikram; Srianand, Raghunathan; Choudhury, Tirthankar Roy
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 457, Issue 4
Heating the Intergalactic Medium by X-Rays from Population iii Binaries in High-Redshift Galaxies
journal, August 2014
- Xu, Hao; Ahn, Kyungjin; Wise, John H.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 791, Issue 2
Lyman-alpha radiative transfer during the epoch of reionization: contribution to 21-cm signal fluctuations
journal, August 2007
- Semelin, B.; Combes, F.; Baek, S.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 474, Issue 2
Radiative feedback from an early X-ray background
journal, March 2003
- Glover, S. C. O.; Brand, P. W. J. L.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 340, Issue 1
The variable X-ray absorption and soft X-ray excess of the QSO MR2251 – 178
journal, April 1990
- Pan, H. C.; Stewart, G. C.; Pounds, K. A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 242, Issue 2
The large-scale observational signatures of low-mass galaxies during reionization
journal, December 2015
- Dixon, Keri L.; Iliev, Ilian T.; Mellema, Garrelt
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 456, Issue 3
A statistical relation between the X-ray spectral index and Eddington ratio of active galactic nuclei in deep surveys
journal, June 2013
- Brightman, M.; Silverman, J. D.; Mainieri, V.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 433, Issue 3
Constraining the contribution of active galactic nuclei to reionization
journal, August 2017
- Hassan, Sultan; Davé, Romeel; Mitra, Sourav
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 473, Issue 1
Self-regulated reionization
journal, April 2007
- Iliev, Ilian T.; Mellema, Garrelt; Shapiro, Paul R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 376, Issue 2
The concerted impact of galaxies and QSOs on the ionization and thermal state of the intergalactic medium
journal, March 2017
- Kakiichi, Koki; Graziani, Luca; Ciardi, Benedetta
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 468, Issue 3
SPATIALLY EXTENDED 21 cm SIGNAL FROM STRONGLY CLUSTERED UV AND X-RAY SOURCES IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE
journal, March 2015
- Ahn, Kyungjin; Xu, Hao; Norman, Michael L.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 802, Issue 1
Discovery of bright z ≃ 7 galaxies in the UltraVISTA survey : Bright z ≃ 7 galaxies from UltraVISTA
journal, October 2012
- Bowler, R. A. A.; Dunlop, J. S.; McLure, R. J.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 426, Issue 4
Photoionization Feedback in Low‐Mass Galaxies at High Redshift
journal, February 2004
- Dijkstra, Mark; Haiman, Zoltan; Rees, Martin J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 601, Issue 2
The Effects of a Photoionizing Ultraviolet Background on the Formation of Disk Galaxies
journal, March 1997
- Navarro, Julio F.; Steinmetz, Matthias
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 478, Issue 1
Planck 2015 results : XIII. Cosmological parameters
journal, September 2016
- Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.; Arnaud, M.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 594
Dusty starburst galaxies in the early Universe as revealed by gravitational lensing
journal, March 2013
- Vieira, J. D.; Marrone, D. P.; Chapman, S. C.
- Nature, Vol. 495, Issue 7441
On the Black Hole Mass-Bulge Mass Relation
journal, March 2004
- Hring, Nadine; Rix, Hans-Walter
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 604, Issue 2
Model-independent evidence in favour of an end to reionization by z ≈ 6
journal, December 2014
- McGreer, Ian D.; Mesinger, Andrei; D'Odorico, Valentina
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 447, Issue 1
Can the 21-cm signal probe Population III and II star formation?
journal, February 2015
- Yajima, Hidenobu; Khochfar, Sadegh
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 448, Issue 1
Faint AGNs at z > 4 in the CANDELS GOODS-S field: looking for contributors to the reionization of the Universe
journal, June 2015
- Giallongo, E.; Grazian, A.; Fiore, F.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 578
Seeding the second star: enrichment from population III, dust evolution, and cloud collapse
journal, November 2018
- Chiaki, Gen; Wise, John H.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 482, Issue 3
Cosmic Dawn (CoDa): the first radiation-hydrodynamics simulation of reionization and galaxy formation in the Local Universe
journal, August 2016
- Ocvirk, Pierre; Gillet, Nicolas; Shapiro, Paul R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 463, Issue 2
21 cm line bispectrum as a method to probe cosmic dawn and epoch of reionization
journal, March 2016
- Shimabukuro, Hayato; Yoshiura, Shintaro; Takahashi, Keitaro
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 458, Issue 3
The 21-cm bispectrum as a probe of non-Gaussianities due to X-ray heating
journal, October 2018
- Watkinson, Catherine A.; Giri, Sambit K.; Ross, Hannah E.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 482, Issue 2
Microquasars as heating sources of the intergalactic medium during reionization of the Universe
journal, November 2017
- Douna, Vanesa M.; Pellizza, Leonardo J.; Laurent, Philippe
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 474, Issue 3
Radiative transfer of energetic photons: X-rays and helium ionization in C2-Ray: X-rays and helium ionization in C2-Ray
journal, February 2012
- Friedrich, Martina M.; Mellema, Garrelt; Iliev, Ilian T.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 421, Issue 3
The Universe Is Reionizing at z ∼ 7: Bayesian Inference of the IGM Neutral Fraction Using Ly α Emission from Galaxies
journal, March 2018
- Mason, Charlotte A.; Treu, Tommaso; Dijkstra, Mark
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 1
Analysing the 21 cm signal from the epoch of reionization with artificial neural networks
journal, March 2017
- Shimabukuro, Hayato; Semelin, Benoit
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 468, Issue 4
The galaxy luminosity function at z ≃ 6 and evidence for rapid evolution in the bright end from z ≃ 7 to 5
journal, July 2015
- Bowler, R. A. A.; Dunlop, J. S.; McLure, R. J.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 452, Issue 2
Excitation of the Hydrogen 21-CM Line
journal, January 1958
- Field, George
- Proceedings of the IRE, Vol. 46, Issue 1
Building up the Population III initial mass function from cosmological initial conditions
journal, July 2016
- Stacy, Athena; Bromm, Volker; Lee, Aaron T.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 462, Issue 2
A luminous quasar at a redshift of z = 7.085
journal, June 2011
- Mortlock, Daniel J.; Warren, Stephen J.; Venemans, Bram P.
- Nature, Vol. 474, Issue 7353
INTEGRAL insight into the inner parts of the Galaxy. High mass X-ray binaries
journal, December 2005
- Lutovinov, A.; Revnivtsev, M.; Gilfanov, M.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 444, Issue 3
Optimal identification of H ii regions during reionization in 21-cm observations
journal, July 2018
- Giri, Sambit K.; Mellema, Garrelt; Ghara, Raghunath
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 479, Issue 4
The epoch of cosmic heating by early sources of X-rays
journal, February 2018
- Eide, Marius B.; Graziani, Luca; Ciardi, Benedetta
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 476, Issue 1
VLT/FORS2 view at z ~ 6: Lyman- α emitter fraction and galaxy physical properties at the edge of the epoch of cosmic reionization
journal, December 2017
- De Barros, S.; Pentericci, L.; Vanzella, E.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 608
Detection of the Far-infrared [O iii] and Dust Emission in a Galaxy at Redshift 8.312: Early Metal Enrichment in the Heart of the Reionization Era
journal, March 2019
- Tamura, Yoichi; Mawatari, Ken; Hashimoto, Takuya
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 1
Erratum: “PAPER-64 Constraints on Reionization: The 21 cm Power Spectrum at z = 8.4” (2015, ApJ, 809, 61)
journal, August 2018
- Ali, Zaki S.; Parsons, Aaron R.; Zheng, Haoxuan
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 863, Issue 2
Spectroscopic detections of C iii] λ1909 Å at z ≃ 6–7: a new probe of early star-forming galaxies and cosmic reionization
journal, April 2015
- Stark, Daniel P.; Richard, Johan; Charlot, Stéphane
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 450, Issue 2
Suppression of star formation in low-mass galaxies caused by the reionization of their local neighbourhood
journal, July 2018
- Dawoodbhoy, Taha; Shapiro, Paul R.; Ocvirk, Pierre
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 480, Issue 2
Distinctive rings in the 21 cm signal of the epoch of reionization
journal, August 2011
- Vonlanthen, P.; Semelin, B.; Baek, S.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 532
X-ray emission from star-forming galaxies - I. High-mass X-ray binaries: HMXBs in star-forming galaxies
journal, November 2011
- Mineo, S.; Gilfanov, M.; Sunyaev, R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 419, Issue 3
CONSTRAINING THE LIFETIME AND OPENING ANGLE OF QUASARS USING FLUORESCENT Ly α EMISSION: THE CASE OF Q0420–388
journal, October 2016
- Borisova, Elena; Lilly, Simon J.; Cantalupo, Sebastiano
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 830, Issue 2
PAPER-64 CONSTRAINTS ON REIONIZATION: THE 21 cm POWER SPECTRUM AT z = 8.4
journal, August 2015
- Ali, Zaki S.; Parsons, Aaron R.; Zheng, Haoxuan
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 809, Issue 1
NEW OBSERVATIONS OF z ∼ 7 GALAXIES: EVIDENCE FOR A PATCHY REIONIZATION
journal, September 2014
- Pentericci, L.; Vanzella, E.; Fontana, A.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 793, Issue 2
Imaging the redshifted 21 cm pattern around the first sources during the cosmic dawn using the SKA
journal, September 2016
- Ghara, Raghunath; Choudhury, T. Roy; Datta, Kanan K.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 464, Issue 2
Planck intermediate results : XLVII.
journal, December 2016
- Adam, R.; Aghanim, N.; Ashdown, M.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 596
Variable X-ray absorption in the QSO MR 2251 - 178
journal, June 1984
- Halpern, J. P.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 281
Cosmic reionization after Planck II: contribution from quasars
journal, September 2017
- Mitra, Sourav; Choudhury, T. Roy; Ferrara, Andrea
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 473, Issue 1
Dust in the Reionization Era: ALMA Observations of a z = 8.38 Gravitationally Lensed Galaxy
journal, March 2017
- Laporte, N.; Ellis, R. S.; Boone, F.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 837, Issue 2
A New Method to Measure the Post-reionization Ionizing Background from the Joint Distribution of Ly α and Ly β Forest Transmission
journal, March 2018
- Davies, Frederick B.; Hennawi, Joseph F.; Eilers, Anna-Christina
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 855, Issue 2
Dark-ages reionization and galaxy formation simulation – X. The small contribution of quasars to reionization
journal, July 2017
- Qin, Yuxiang; Mutch, Simon J.; Poole, Gregory B.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 472, Issue 2
21 cm signal from cosmic dawn: imprints of spin temperature fluctuations and peculiar velocities
journal, January 2015
- Ghara, Raghunath; Choudhury, T. Roy; Datta, Kanan K.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 447, Issue 2
Cosmic Reionization and the 21 cm Signal: Comparison between an Analytical Model and a Simulation
journal, December 2008
- Santos, Mário G.; Amblard, Alexandre; Pritchard, Jonathan
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 689, Issue 1
Emulating Simulations of Cosmic Dawn for 21 cm Power Spectrum Constraints on Cosmology, Reionization, and X-Ray Heating
journal, October 2017
- Kern, Nicholas S.; Liu, Adrian; Parsons, Aaron R.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 1
21-cm signature of the first sources in the Universe: prospects of detection with SKA
journal, April 2016
- Ghara, Raghunath; Choudhury, T. Roy; Datta, Kanan K.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 460, Issue 1
The quasar luminosity function at redshift 4 with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Wide Survey
journal, November 2017
- Akiyama, Masayuki; He, Wanqiu; Ikeda, Hiroyuki
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol. 70, Issue SP1
Simulating the impact of X-ray heating during the cosmic dawn
journal, March 2017
- Ross, Hannah E.; Dixon, Keri L.; Iliev, Ilian T.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 468, Issue 4
21SSD: a public data base of simulated 21-cm signals from the epoch of reionization
journal, September 2017
- Semelin, B.; Eames, E.; Bolgar, F.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 472, Issue 4
High-performance P3M N-body code: CUBEP3M
journal, September 2013
- Harnois-Deraps, J.; Pen, U. -L.; Iliev, I. T.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 436, Issue 1
Evidence of patchy hydrogen reionization from an extreme Lyα trough below redshift six
journal, January 2015
- Becker, George D.; Bolton, James S.; Madau, Piero
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 447, Issue 4
Spectroscopic detection of C iv λ1548 in a galaxy at z = 7.045: implications for the ionizing spectra of reionization-era galaxies
journal, October 2015
- Stark, Daniel P.; Walth, Gregory; Charlot, Stéphane
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 454, Issue 2
Lyα and C iii] emission in z = 7–9 Galaxies: accelerated reionization around luminous star-forming systems?
journal, September 2016
- Stark, Daniel P.; Ellis, Richard S.; Charlot, Stéphane
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 464, Issue 1
Accurately predicting the escape fraction of ionizing photons using rest-frame ultraviolet absorption lines
journal, August 2018
- Chisholm, J.; Gazagnes, S.; Schaerer, D.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 616
The Black Hole–Bulge mass Relation in Megamaser host Galaxies
journal, June 2016
- Läsker, Ronald; Greene, Jenny E.; Seth, Anil
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 825, Issue 1
Modeling the neutral hydrogen distribution in the post-reionization Universe: intensity mapping
journal, September 2014
- Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco; Viel, Matteo; Datta, Kanan K.
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2014, Issue 09
Reionization in a cold dark matter universe: The feedback of galaxy formation on the intergalactic medium
journal, May 1994
- Shapiro, Paul R.; Giroux, Mark L.; Babul, Arif
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 427
Minor Contribution of Quasars to Ionizing Photon Budget at z ∼ 6: Update on Quasar Luminosity Function at the Faint End with Subaru/Suprime-Cam
journal, September 2017
- Onoue, Masafusa; Kashikawa, Nobunari; Willott, Chris J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 847, Issue 2
Suppressing the formation of dwarf galaxies via photoionization
journal, May 1992
- Efstathiou, G.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 256, Issue 1
Constraining Reionization with the z ∼ 5–6 Ly α Forest Power Spectrum: The Outlook after Planck
journal, September 2017
- Oñorbe, J.; Hennawi, J. F.; Lukić, Z.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 847, Issue 1
Fast large volume simulations of the 21-cm signal from the reionization and pre-reionization epochs: Fast large volume simulations of 21-cm signal
journal, June 2010
- Santos, M. G.; Ferramacho, L.; Silva, M. B.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 406, Issue 4
Evidence for a Hard Ionizing Spectrum from a z = 6.11 Stellar Population
journal, February 2017
- Mainali, Ramesh; Kollmeier, Juna A.; Stark, Daniel P.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 836, Issue 1
The scattering of Lyα radiation in the intergalactic medium: numerical methods and solutions: The scattering of Lyα radiation in the IGM
journal, October 2012
- Higgins, Jonathan; Meiksin, Avery
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 426, Issue 3
SEVEN-YEAR WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE ( WMAP ) OBSERVATIONS: COSMOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION
journal, January 2011
- Komatsu, E.; Smith, K. M.; Dunkley, J.
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 192, Issue 2
Upper Limits on the 21 cm Epoch of Reionization Power Spectrum from One Night with LOFAR
journal, March 2017
- Patil, A. H.; Yatawatta, S.; Koopmans, L. V. E.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 838, Issue 1
Toward the Standard Population Synthesis Model of the X-Ray Background: Evolution of X-Ray Luminosity and Absorption Functions of Active Galactic Nuclei Including Compton-Thick Populations
journal, April 2014
- Ueda, Yoshihiro; Akiyama, Masayuki; Hasinger, Günther
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 786, Issue 2
The impact of spin-temperature fluctuations on the 21-cm moments
journal, October 2015
- Watkinson, C. A.; Pritchard, J. R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 454, Issue 2
Heating and ionization of the primordial intergalactic medium by high-mass X-ray binaries
journal, October 2014
- Knevitt, G.; Wynn, G. A.; Power, C.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 445, Issue 2
Reionization by UV or X-ray sources
journal, November 2010
- Baek, S.; Semelin, B.; Di Matteo, P.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 523
A dusty, normal galaxy in the epoch of reionization
journal, March 2015
- Watson, Darach; Christensen, Lise; Knudsen, Kirsten Kraiberg
- Nature, Vol. 519, Issue 7543
Constraining the topology of reionization through Lyα absorption
journal, November 2004
- Furlanetto, S. R.; Hernquist, L.; Zaldarriaga, M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 354, Issue 3
The GMRT Epoch of Reionization experiment: a new upper limit on the neutral hydrogen power spectrum at z≈ 8.6: The GMRT-EoR experiment: H i power spectrum
journal, March 2011
- Paciga, Gregory; Chang, Tzu-Ching; Gupta, Yashwant
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 413, Issue 2
Bubble size statistics during reionization from 21-cm tomography
journal, October 2017
- Giri, Sambit K.; Mellema, Garrelt; Dixon, Keri L.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 473, Issue 3
The Thermal Proximity Effect: A New Probe of the He ii Reionization History and Quasar Lifetime
journal, March 2017
- Khrykin, I. S.; Hennawi, J. F.; McQuinn, M.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 838, Issue 2
The X-ray spectra of the first galaxies: 21 cm signatures
journal, July 2014
- Pacucci, Fabio; Mesinger, Andrei; Mineo, Stefano
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 443, Issue 1
High-mass X-ray binaries and the cosmic 21-cm signal: impact of host galaxy absorption
journal, April 2017
- Das, Arpan; Mesinger, Andrei; Pallottini, Andrea
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 469, Issue 1
Improved measurements of the intergalactic medium temperature around quasars: possible evidence for the initial stages of He ii reionization at z ≃ 6: IGM temperature measurements around z ≃ 6 quasars
journal, November 2011
- Bolton, James S.; Becker, George D.; Raskutti, Sudhir
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 419, Issue 4
On the contribution of active galactic nuclei to reionization
journal, January 2014
- Grissom, R. L.; Ballantyne, D. R.; Wise, J. H.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 561
Active Galactic Nucleus Black Hole Masses and Bolometric Luminosities
journal, November 2002
- Woo, Jong‐Hak; Urry, C. Megan
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 579, Issue 2
Can early dark energy explain EDGES?
journal, August 2018
- Hill, J. Colin; Baxter, Eric J.
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 08
Probing Individual Sources during Reionization and Cosmic Dawn using Square Kilometre Array HI 21-cm Observations
journal, November 2016
- Datta, Kanan K.; Ghara, Raghunath; Majumdar, Suman
- Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, Vol. 37, Issue 4
A long-term study of AGN X-ray variability: Structure function analysis on a ROSAT-XMM quasar sample
journal, March 2017
- Middei, R.; Vagnetti, F.; Bianchi, S.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 599
Planck 2015 results : XXIII. The thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect-cosmic infrared background correlation
journal, September 2016
- Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.; Arnaud, M.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 594
The GMRT Epoch of Reionization experiment: a new upper limit on the neutral hydrogen power spectrum at z≈ 8.6
text, January 2011
- Paciga, Gregory; Chang, Tzu-Ching; Gupta, Yashwant
- Carnegie Mellon University
Works referencing / citing this record:
Properties of reionization-era galaxies from JWST luminosity functions and 21-cm interferometry
journal, November 2019
- Park, Jaehong; Gillet, Nicolas; Mesinger, Andrei
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 491, Issue 3
Impact of Ly α heating on the global 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn
journal, December 2019
- Ghara, Raghunath; Mellema, Garrelt
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 1
Observing the Redshifted 21 cm Signal around a Bright QSO at z ∼ 10
journal, January 2020
- Ma, Qing-Bo; Ciardi, Benedetta; Kakiichi, Koki
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 888, Issue 2