Anisotropic spin-orbit torque generation in epitaxial SrIrO3 by symmetry design

Nan, T.; Anderson, T. J.; Gibbons, J.; Hwang, K.; Campbell, N.; Zhou, H.; Dong, Y. Q.; Kim, G. Y.; Shao, D. F.; Paudel, T. R.; Reynolds, N.; Wang, X. J.; Sun, N. X.; Tsymbal, E. Y.; Choi, S. Y.; Rzchowski, M. S.; Kim, Yong Baek; Ralph, D. C.; Eom, C. B.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1812822116

Title: Anisotropic spin-orbit torque generation in epitaxial SrIrO₃ by symmetry design

Journal Article · 26 July 2019 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812822116 · OSTI ID:1562600

Nan, T. ^[1]; Anderson, T. J. ^[1]; Gibbons, J. ^[2]; Hwang, K. ^[3]; Campbell, N. ^[4]; Zhou, H. ^[5]; Dong, Y. Q. ^[5]; Kim, G. Y. ^[6]; Shao, D. F. ^[7]; Paudel, T. R. ^[7]; Reynolds, N. ^[2];

^[8]; Sun, N. X. ^[8]; Tsymbal, E. Y. ^[7]; Choi, S. Y. ^[6]; Rzchowski, M. S. ^[4]; Kim, Yong Baek ^[9]; Ralph, D. C. ^[10];

^[1]

Univ. of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Lab. of Atomic and Solid State Physics
Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON (Canada). Dept. of Physics and Centre for Quantum Materials
Univ. of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Physics
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Pohang Univ. of Science and Technology, Pohang (Korea). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience
Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON (Canada). Dept. of Physics and Centre for Quantum Materials; Canadian Inst. for Advanced Research/Quantum Materials Program, Toronto, ON (Canada); Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul (Korea). School of Physics
Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Lab. of Atomic and Solid State Physics; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY (United States)

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC), the interaction between the electron spin and the orbital angular momentum, can unlock rich phenomena at interfaces, in particular interconverting spin and charge currents. Conventional heavy metals have been extensively explored due to their strong SOC of conduction electrons. However, spin-orbit effects in classes of materials such as epitaxial 5d-electron transition-metal complex oxides, which also host strong SOC, remain largely unreported. In addition to strong SOC, these complex oxides can also provide the additional tuning knob of epitaxy to control the electronic structure and the engineering of spin-to-charge conversion by crystalline symmetry. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature generation of spin-orbit torque on a ferromagnet with extremely high efficiency via the spin-Hall effect in epitaxial metastable perovskite SrIrO₃. We first predict a large intrinsic spin-Hall conductivity in orthorhombic bulk SrIrO₃ arising from the Berry curvature in the electronic band structure. By manipulating the intricate interplay between SOC and crystalline symmetry, we control the spin-Hall torque ratio by engineering the tilt of the corner-sharing oxygen octahedra in perovskite SrIrO₃ through epitaxial strain. This allows the presence of an anisotropic spin-Hall effect due to a characteristic structural anisotropy in SrIrO₃ with orthorhombic symmetry. Our experimental findings demonstrate the heteroepitaxial symmetry design approach to engineer spin-orbit effects. In conclusion, we therefore anticipate that these epitaxial 5d transition-metal oxide thin films can be an ideal building block for low-power spintronics.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; FG02-06ER46327

OSTI ID:: 1562600

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1574305

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 116, Issue 33; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 65 works

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