Title: Collision-energy dependence of second-order off-diagonal and diagonal cumulants of net-charge, net-proton, and net-kaon multiplicity distributions in Au $+$ Au collisions

Abstract

We report the first measurements of a complete second-order cumulant matrix of net-charge, net-proton, and net-kaon multiplicity distributions for the first phase of the beam energy scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. This includes the centrality and, for the first time, the pseudorapidity window dependence of both diagonal and off-diagonal cumulants in $Au+Au$ collisions at $$\sqrt{s}$$$_ {NN}$$= 7.7-200 GeV. Within the available acceptance of $|η|<0.5$, the cumulants grow linearly with the pseudorapidity window. Relative to the corresponding measurements in peripheral collisions, the ratio of off-diagonal over diagonal cumulants in central collisions indicates an excess correlation between net-charge and net-kaon, as well as between net-charge and net-proton. The strength of such excess correlation increases with the collision energy. The correlation between net-proton and net-kaon multiplicity distributions is observed to be negative at $$\sqrt{s}$$$_ {NN}$$= 200 GeV and change to positive at the lowest collision energy. Model calculations based on nonthermal (UrQMD) and thermal (HRG) production of hadrons cannot explain the data. Lastly, these measurements will help map the quantum chromodynamics phase diagram, constrain hadron resonance gas model calculations and provide new insights on the energy dependence of baryon-strangeness correlations.

Authors:

Adam, J.; Adamczyk, L.; Adams, J. R.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Anderson, D. M.; Aoyama, R.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Ashraf, M. U.; Atetalla, F.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bairathi, V.; Barish, K.; Bassill, A. J. more »; Behera, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Brandenburg, J. D.; Brandin, A. V.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chan, B. K.; Chang, F. -H.; Chang, Z.; Chankova-Bunzarova, N.; Chatterjee, A. ;

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Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Crawford, H. J.; Csanád, M.; Das, S.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deppner, I. M.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Edmonds, T.; Elsey, N.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Ewigleben, J.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Y.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Galatyuk, T.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Gupta, A.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A. I.; Hamed, A.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Herrmann, N.; Holub, L.; Hong, Y.; Horvat, S.; Huang, B.; Huang, H. Z.; Huang, S. L.; Huang, T.; Huang, X.; Humanic, T. J.; Huo, P.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jentsch, A.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Jowzaee, S.; Ju, X.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kagamaster, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kapukchyan, D.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Kelsey, M.; Khyzhniak, Y. V.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kim, C.; Kinghorn, T. A.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kocan, M.; Kochenda, L.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kramarik, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, N.; Kumar, L.; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R.; Kwasizur, J. H.; Lacey, R.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, C.; Li, W.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, Y.; Liang, Y.; Licenik, R.; Lin, T.; Lipiec, A.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Liu, H.; Liu, P.; Liu, P.; Liu, T.; Liu, X.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Z.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, S.; Luo, X.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Ma, Y. G.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Mallick, D.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H. S.; Matonoha, O.; Mazer, J. A.; Meehan, K.; Mei, J. C.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Mooney, I.; Moravcova, Z.; Morozov, D. A.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, K.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nemes, D. B.; Nie, M.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nogach, L. V.; Nonaka, T.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Oh, S.; Okorokov, V. A.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pawlowska, D.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pintér, R. L.; Pluta, J.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Quintero, A.; Radhakrishnan, S. K.; Ramachandran, S.; Ray, R. L.; Reed, R.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Schambach, J.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Schweid, B. R.; Seck, F.; Seger, J.; Sergeeva, M.; Seto, R.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Shen, F.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Siejka, S.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singh, J.; Singha, S.; Smirnov, D.; Smirnov, N.; Solyst, W.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stefaniak, M.; Stewart, D. J.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Sugiura, T.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, Y.; Sun, Y.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Szymanski, P.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnowsky, T.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Tomkiel, C. A.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Tsai, O. D.; Tu, B.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; Vanek, J.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vassiliev, I.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Wang, F.; Wang, G.; Wang, P.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, G.; Xie, W.; Xu, H.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, Z.; Yang, C.; Yang, Q.; Yang, S.; Yang, Y.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I. -K.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, C.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Z.; Zurek, M.; Zyzak, M. « less

Publication Date:

2019-07-08

Research Org.:

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP) (SC-26)

Contributing Org.:

STAR Collaboration

OSTI Identifier:

1561932

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1546389

Grant/Contract Number:  

AC02-05CH11231; SC0017982

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Physical Review C

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 100; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:

American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS