Collision-energy dependence of second-order off-diagonal and diagonal cumulants of net-charge, net-proton, and net-kaon multiplicity distributions in Au $+$ Au collisions

Journal Article · 08 July 2019 · Physical Review. C

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.100.014902 · OSTI ID:1561932

Adam, J.; Adamczyk, L.; Adams, J. R.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Anderson, D. M.; Aoyama, R.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Ashraf, M. U.; Atetalla, F.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bairathi, V.; Barish, K.; Bassill, A. J. ; Behera, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Brandenburg, J. D.; Brandin, A. V.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chan, B. K.; Chang, F. -H.; Chang, Z.; Chankova-Bunzarova, N.; Chatterjee, A. ; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Crawford, H. J.; Csanád, M.; Das, S.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deppner, I. M.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Edmonds, T.; Elsey, N.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Ewigleben, J.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Y.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Galatyuk, T.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Gupta, A.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A. I.; Hamed, A.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Herrmann, N.; Holub, L.; Hong, Y.; Horvat, S.; Huang, B.; Huang, H. Z.; Huang, S. L.; Huang, T.; Huang, X.; Humanic, T. J.; Huo, P.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jentsch, A.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Jowzaee, S.; Ju, X.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kagamaster, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kapukchyan, D.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Kelsey, M.; Khyzhniak, Y. V.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kim, C.; Kinghorn, T. A.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kocan, M.; Kochenda, L.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kramarik, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, N.; Kumar, L.; Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R.; Kwasizur, J. H.; Lacey, R.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, C.; Li, W.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, Y.; Liang, Y.; Licenik, R.; Lin, T.; Lipiec, A.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Liu, H.; Liu, P.; Liu, P.; Liu, T.; Liu, X.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Z.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, S.; Luo, X.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Ma, Y. G.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Mallick, D.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H. S.; Matonoha, O.; Mazer, J. A.; Meehan, K.; Mei, J. C.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Mooney, I.; Moravcova, Z.; Morozov, D. A.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, K.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nemes, D. B.; Nie, M.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nogach, L. V.; Nonaka, T.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Oh, S.; Okorokov, V. A.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pawlowska, D.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pintér, R. L.; Pluta, J.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Quintero, A.; Radhakrishnan, S. K.; Ramachandran, S.; Ray, R. L.; Reed, R.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Schambach, J.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Schweid, B. R.; Seck, F.; Seger, J.; Sergeeva, M.; Seto, R.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Shen, F.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Siejka, S.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singh, J.; Singha, S.; Smirnov, D.; Smirnov, N.; Solyst, W.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stefaniak, M.; Stewart, D. J.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Sugiura, T.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, Y.; Sun, Y.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Szymanski, P.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnowsky, T.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Tomkiel, C. A.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Tsai, O. D.; Tu, B.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; Vanek, J.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vassiliev, I.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Wang, F.; Wang, G.; Wang, P.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, G.; Xie, W.; Xu, H.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, Z.; Yang, C.; Yang, Q.; Yang, S.; Yang, Y.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I. -K.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, C.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Z.; Zurek, M.; Zyzak, M.

We report the first measurements of a complete second-order cumulant matrix of net-charge, net-proton, and net-kaon multiplicity distributions for the first phase of the beam energy scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. This includes the centrality and, for the first time, the pseudorapidity window dependence of both diagonal and off-diagonal cumulants in $Au+Au$ collisions at $$\sqrt{s}$$$$_ {NN}$$= 7.7-200 GeV. Within the available acceptance of $|η|<0.5$, the cumulants grow linearly with the pseudorapidity window. Relative to the corresponding measurements in peripheral collisions, the ratio of off-diagonal over diagonal cumulants in central collisions indicates an excess correlation between net-charge and net-kaon, as well as between net-charge and net-proton. The strength of such excess correlation increases with the collision energy. The correlation between net-proton and net-kaon multiplicity distributions is observed to be negative at $$\sqrt{s}$$$$_ {NN}$$= 200 GeV and change to positive at the lowest collision energy. Model calculations based on nonthermal (UrQMD) and thermal (HRG) production of hadrons cannot explain the data. Lastly, these measurements will help map the quantum chromodynamics phase diagram, constrain hadron resonance gas model calculations and provide new insights on the energy dependence of baryon-strangeness correlations.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF); Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China; Ministry of Education of China; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Czech Science Foundation (GACR); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic; Government of India; National Science Centre of Poland (NCN); Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; ROSATOM of Russia; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
• Contributing Organization: STAR Collaboration
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-05CH11231; SC0017982; SC0015636; SC0012704
• OSTI ID: 1561932
• Alternate ID(s): OSTI ID: 1529084; OSTI ID: 1546389; OSTI ID: 1594828; OSTI ID: 1787617
• Report Number(s): BNL-211791-2019-JAAM; PRVCAN; ark:/13030/qt75j363v1; TRN: US2000663
• Journal Information: Physical Review. C, Vol. 100, Issue 1; ISSN 2469-9985
• Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English