Benchmarking the extraction of statistical neutron capture cross sections on short-lived nuclei for applications using the β-Oslo method

Liddick, S. N.; Larsen, A. C.; Guttormsen, M.; Spyrou, A.; Crider, B. P.; Naqvi, F.; Midtbø, J. E.; Bello Garrote, F. L.; Bleuel, D. L.; Crespo Campo, L.; Couture, A.; Dombos, A. C.; Giacoppo, F.; Görgen, A.; Hadynska-Klek, K.; Hagen, T. W.; Ingeberg, V. W.; Kheswa, B. V.; Lewis, R.; Mosby, S.; Perdikakis, G.; Prokop, C. J.; Quinn, S. J.; Renstrøm, T.; Rose, S. J.; Sahin, E.; Siem, S.; Tveten, G. M.; Wiedeking, M.; Zeiser, F.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.100.024624

Title: Benchmarking the extraction of statistical neutron capture cross sections on short-lived nuclei for applications using the $β$ -Oslo method

Abstract

Numerous scientific fields including astrophysics, nuclear power, and nuclear forensics require a knowledge of basic nuclear properties for large numbers of short-lived, radioactive isotopes far removed from stable nuclei. Neutron-capture cross sections are one such piece of nuclear data where direct measurements are not possible and theoretical predictions can vary by orders of magnitude. A recently developed indirect technique for inferring neutron capture rates, the β-Oslo method, has been introduced but not compared against a known, directly measured neutron capture cross section. To provide this benchmark, two indirect methods based on β decay and charged-particle reactions were used to extract the nuclear level density and γ-ray strength function of ⁵¹Ti. The nuclear level density and γ-ray strength function from the two data sets were found to be equivalent and were used to extract the neutron capture cross section of ⁵⁰Ti which agrees with previous direct measurements at high neutron energies. Here, the results demonstrate the validity of the β-Oslo method for extracting neutron capture cross sections of short-lived nuclei and provide a sufficiently small uncertainty to be used in various applications.

Authors:

Liddick, S. N. ^[1]; Larsen, A. C. ^[2]; Guttormsen, M. ^[2]; Spyrou, A. ^[1]; Crider, B. P. ^[1]; Naqvi, F. ^[1]; Midtbø, J. E. ^[2]; Bello Garrote, F. L. ^[2]; Bleuel, D. L. ^[3]; Crespo Campo, L. ^[2]; Couture, A. ^[4]; Dombos, A. C. ^[1]; Giacoppo, F. ^[5]; Görgen, A. ^[2]; Hadynska-Klek, K. ^[2]; Hagen, T. W. ^[2]; Ingeberg, V. W. ^[2]; Kheswa, B. V. ^[6]; Lewis, R. ^[1]; Mosby, S. ^[4] more »

Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Univ. of Oslo, Oslo (Norway)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Oslo, Oslo (Norway); Helmholtz Inst. Mainz, Mainz (Germany); GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt (Germany)
iThemba LABS (South Africa); Univ. of Oslo, Oslo (Norway)
Central Michigan Univ., Mount Pleasant, MI (United States); Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
iThemba LABS (South Africa)

Publication Date:: 2019-08-26

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1561454

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1558834; OSTI ID: 1657661

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-760247
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985; PRVCAN; 947179; TRN: US2000615

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; SC0013039; NA0000979; NA0003180; NA0003221; FC03-03NA00143

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 100; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Liddick, S. N., Larsen, A. C., Guttormsen, M., Spyrou, A., Crider, B. P., Naqvi, F., Midtbø, J. E., Bello Garrote, F. L., Bleuel, D. L., Crespo Campo, L., Couture, A., Dombos, A. C., Giacoppo, F., Görgen, A., Hadynska-Klek, K., Hagen, T. W., Ingeberg, V. W., Kheswa, B. V., Lewis, R., Mosby, S., Perdikakis, G., Prokop, C. J., Quinn, S. J., Renstrøm, T., Rose, S. J., Sahin, E., Siem, S., Tveten, G. M., Wiedeking, M., and Zeiser, F. Benchmarking the extraction of statistical neutron capture cross sections on short-lived nuclei for applications using the β-Oslo method.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.100.024624.

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                    Liddick, S. N., Larsen, A. C., Guttormsen, M., Spyrou, A., Crider, B. P., Naqvi, F., Midtbø, J. E., Bello Garrote, F. L., Bleuel, D. L., Crespo Campo, L., Couture, A., Dombos, A. C., Giacoppo, F., Görgen, A., Hadynska-Klek, K., Hagen, T. W., Ingeberg, V. W., Kheswa, B. V., Lewis, R., Mosby, S., Perdikakis, G., Prokop, C. J., Quinn, S. J., Renstrøm, T., Rose, S. J., Sahin, E., Siem, S., Tveten, G. M., Wiedeking, M., & Zeiser, F. Benchmarking the extraction of statistical neutron capture cross sections on short-lived nuclei for applications using the β-Oslo method.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.100.024624

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                    Liddick, S. N., Larsen, A. C., Guttormsen, M., Spyrou, A., Crider, B. P., Naqvi, F., Midtbø, J. E., Bello Garrote, F. L., Bleuel, D. L., Crespo Campo, L., Couture, A., Dombos, A. C., Giacoppo, F., Görgen, A., Hadynska-Klek, K., Hagen, T. W., Ingeberg, V. W., Kheswa, B. V., Lewis, R., Mosby, S., Perdikakis, G., Prokop, C. J., Quinn, S. J., Renstrøm, T., Rose, S. J., Sahin, E., Siem, S., Tveten, G. M., Wiedeking, M., and Zeiser, F. Mon .  
"Benchmarking the extraction of statistical neutron capture cross sections on short-lived nuclei for applications using the β-Oslo method".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.100.024624.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1561454.

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@article{osti_1561454,

  title        = {Benchmarking the extraction of statistical neutron capture cross sections on short-lived nuclei for applications using the β-Oslo method},

  author       = {Liddick, S. N. and Larsen, A. C. and Guttormsen, M. and Spyrou, A. and Crider, B. P. and Naqvi, F. and Midtbø, J. E. and Bello Garrote, F. L. and Bleuel, D. L. and Crespo Campo, L. and Couture, A. and Dombos, A. C. and Giacoppo, F. and Görgen, A. and Hadynska-Klek, K. and Hagen, T. W. and Ingeberg, V. W. and Kheswa, B. V. and Lewis, R. and Mosby, S. and Perdikakis, G. and Prokop, C. J. and Quinn, S. J. and Renstrøm, T. and Rose, S. J. and Sahin, E. and Siem, S. and Tveten, G. M. and Wiedeking, M. and Zeiser, F.},

  abstractNote = {Numerous scientific fields including astrophysics, nuclear power, and nuclear forensics require a knowledge of basic nuclear properties for large numbers of short-lived, radioactive isotopes far removed from stable nuclei. Neutron-capture cross sections are one such piece of nuclear data where direct measurements are not possible and theoretical predictions can vary by orders of magnitude. A recently developed indirect technique for inferring neutron capture rates, the β-Oslo method, has been introduced but not compared against a known, directly measured neutron capture cross section. To provide this benchmark, two indirect methods based on β decay and charged-particle reactions were used to extract the nuclear level density and γ-ray strength function of 51Ti. The nuclear level density and γ-ray strength function from the two data sets were found to be equivalent and were used to extract the neutron capture cross section of 50Ti which agrees with previous direct measurements at high neutron energies. Here, the results demonstrate the validity of the β-Oslo method for extracting neutron capture cross sections of short-lived nuclei and provide a sufficiently small uncertainty to be used in various applications.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevC.100.024624},

  journal      = {Physical Review C},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 100,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {8}

}

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Electric and Magnetic Dipole Strength at Low Energy
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Neutron-capture rates for explosive nucleosynthesis: the case of ⁶⁸ Ni( n , γ ) ⁶⁹ Ni
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Spyrou, A.; Larsen, A. C.; Liddick, S. N.
Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 44, Issue 4
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Spectroscopic identification of r-process nucleosynthesis in a double neutron-star merger
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Egidy, Till von; Bucurescu, Dorel
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Test of the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis in ${}^{64, 65}{Ni}$
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Guttormsen, M.; Jurado, B.; Wilson, J. N.
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Utsuno, Yutaka; Otsuka, Takaharu; Brown, B. Alex
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Title: Benchmarking the extraction of statistical neutron capture cross sections on short-lived nuclei for applications using the β -Oslo method

Abstract

Citation Formats

The 48Ca(α, p) 51Sc reaction; experimental results and shell model calculations journal, August 1967

Low-energy enhancement and fluctuations of γ -ray strength functions in 56,57 Fe: test of the Brink–Axel hypothesis journal, April 2017

r -PROCESS NUCLEOSYNTHESIS IN DYNAMICALLY EJECTED MATTER OF NEUTRON STAR MERGERS journal, August 2011

Nuclear data sensitivity, uncertainty and target accuracy assessment for future nuclear systems journal, May 2006

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RIPL – Reference Input Parameter Library for Calculation of Nuclear Reactions and Nuclear Data Evaluations journal, December 2009

Spurious center-of-mass motion journal, December 1974

Quasicontinuum γ decay of Zr 91 , 92 : Benchmarking indirect ( n , γ ) cross section measurements for the s process journal, August 2017

Are the level densities for r - and rp -process nuclei different from nearby nuclei in the valley of stability? journal, May 2001

The Discovery of the Electromagnetic Counterpart of GW170817: Kilonova AT 2017gfo/DLT17ck journal, October 2017

SuN: Summing NaI(Tl) gamma-ray detector for capture reaction measurements journal, March 2013

The AME2016 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references journal, March 2017

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The jina Reaclib Database: its Recent Updates and Impact on Type-I X-Ray Bursts journal, June 2010

Light curves of the neutron star merger GW170817/SSS17a: Implications for r-process nucleosynthesis journal, October 2017

Experimentally constrained ( p , γ ) Y 89 and ( n , γ ) Y 89 reaction rates relevant to p -process nucleosynthesis journal, April 2016

Low-Energy Magnetic Dipole Radiation in Open-Shell Nuclei journal, March 2017

Systematics of the excitation of M1 resonances in medium heavy nuclei by 200 MeV proton inelastic scattering journal, October 1982

Origin of the heavy elements in binary neutron-star mergers from a gravitational-wave event journal, October 2017

Constraining Neutron Capture Cross Sections for Unstable Nuclei with Surrogate Reaction Data and Theory journal, July 2018

Validity of the Generalized Brink-Axel Hypothesis in Np 238 journal, January 2016

Extraction of thermal and electromagnetic properties in Ti 45 journal, October 2009

The SiRi particle-telescope system journal, August 2011

A measurement of the 50Ti(γ, n) and 50Ti(γ, n0) cross sections journal, August 1979

The impact of individual nuclear properties on r -process nucleosynthesis journal, January 2016

Statistical properties of Pu 243 , and Pu 242 ( n , γ ) cross section calculation journal, January 2016

La 137 , 138 , 139 ( n , γ ) cross sections constrained with statistical decay properties of La 138 , 139 , 140 nuclei journal, April 2017

Hauser-Feshbach calculations in the presence of weakly absorbing channels with special reference to the elastic enhancement factor and the factorization assumption journal, June 1980

Fluctuations of Nuclear Reaction Widths journal, October 1956

Direct reactions and Hauser-Feshbach theory journal, April 1975

A Composite Nuclear-Level Density Formula with Shell Corrections journal, August 1965

Excitation of ΔL = 0 spin-flip transitions in the N = 28 isotones by 201 MeV proton inelastic scattering journal, December 1983

Statistical Gamma-Decay at Low Angular Momentum journal, January 1990

Testing the constant-temperature approach for the nuclear level density journal, November 2017

Observation of the M1 giant resonance by resonance averaging in 106Pd journal, June 1987

Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the optical counterpart to a gravitational wave source journal, October 2017

Experimental energy-dependent nuclear spin distributions journal, November 2009

Examination of the low-energy enhancement of the γ -ray strength function of Fe 56 journal, February 2018

Synthesis of the Elements in Stars journal, October 1957

The magic nature of 132Sn explored through the single-particle states of 133Sn journal, May 2010

Large Low-Energy M 1 Strength for Fe 56 , 57 within the Nuclear Shell Model journal, December 2014

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The first generation of γ-rays from hot nuclei journal, April 1987

Effects of translational invariance violation in particle-hole calculations. Application to 208Pb journal, July 1968

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Photoneutron cross sections for Mo isotopes: A step toward a unified understanding of ( γ , n ) and ( n , γ ) reactions journal, July 2013

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Beta decay of Sc 51 to states in Ti 51 journal, October 1976

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Decay of Ti 51 and Cr 51 journal, March 1955

Compound-nuclear reaction cross sections from surrogate measurements journal, March 2012

Spectroscopic identification of r-process nucleosynthesis in a double neutron-star merger journal, October 2017

A statistical analysis of excited nuclear states journal, May 1959

Title: Benchmarking the extraction of statistical neutron capture cross sections on short-lived nuclei for applications using the $β$ -Oslo method

The 48Ca(α, p) 51Sc reaction; experimental results and shell model calculations
journal, August 1967

Low-energy enhancement and fluctuations of γ -ray strength functions in ^56,57 Fe: test of the Brink–Axel hypothesis
journal, April 2017

r -PROCESS NUCLEOSYNTHESIS IN DYNAMICALLY EJECTED MATTER OF NEUTRON STAR MERGERS
journal, August 2011

Nuclear data sensitivity, uncertainty and target accuracy assessment for future nuclear systems
journal, May 2006

Large Enhancement of Radiative Strength for Soft Transitions in the Quasicontinuum
journal, September 2004

Astrophysical Reaction Rates From Statistical Model Calculations
journal, May 2000

RIPL – Reference Input Parameter Library for Calculation of Nuclear Reactions and Nuclear Data Evaluations
journal, December 2009

Spurious center-of-mass motion
journal, December 1974

Quasicontinuum $γ$ decay of ${}^{91, 92}{Zr}$ : Benchmarking indirect ( $n, γ$ ) cross section measurements for the $s$ process
journal, August 2017

Are the level densities for r - and $rp$ -process nuclei different from nearby nuclei in the valley of stability?
journal, May 2001

The Discovery of the Electromagnetic Counterpart of GW170817: Kilonova AT 2017gfo/DLT17ck
journal, October 2017

SuN: Summing NaI(Tl) gamma-ray detector for capture reaction measurements
journal, March 2013

The AME2016 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references
journal, March 2017

Statistics and the average cross section
journal, August 1980

The jina Reaclib Database: its Recent Updates and Impact on Type-I X-Ray Bursts
journal, June 2010

Light curves of the neutron star merger GW170817/SSS17a: Implications for r-process nucleosynthesis
journal, October 2017

Experimentally constrained $(p, γ) {}^{89}Y$ and $(n, γ) {}^{89}Y$ reaction rates relevant to $p$ -process nucleosynthesis
journal, April 2016

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journal, March 2017

Systematics of the excitation of M1 resonances in medium heavy nuclei by 200 MeV proton inelastic scattering
journal, October 1982

Origin of the heavy elements in binary neutron-star mergers from a gravitational-wave event
journal, October 2017

Constraining Neutron Capture Cross Sections for Unstable Nuclei with Surrogate Reaction Data and Theory
journal, July 2018

Validity of the Generalized Brink-Axel Hypothesis in ${}^{238}{Np}$
journal, January 2016

Extraction of thermal and electromagnetic properties in ${}^{45}{Ti}$
journal, October 2009

The SiRi particle-telescope system
journal, August 2011

A measurement of the 50Ti(γ, n) and 50Ti(γ, n0) cross sections
journal, August 1979

The impact of individual nuclear properties on $r$ -process nucleosynthesis
journal, January 2016

Statistical properties of ${}^{243}{Pu}$ , and ${}^{242}{Pu} (n, γ)$ cross section calculation
journal, January 2016

${}^{137, 138, 139}{La} (n, γ)$ cross sections constrained with statistical decay properties of ${}^{138, 139, 140}{La}$ nuclei
journal, April 2017

Hauser-Feshbach calculations in the presence of weakly absorbing channels with special reference to the elastic enhancement factor and the factorization assumption
journal, June 1980

Fluctuations of Nuclear Reaction Widths
journal, October 1956

Direct reactions and Hauser-Feshbach theory
journal, April 1975

A Composite Nuclear-Level Density Formula with Shell Corrections
journal, August 1965

Excitation of ΔL = 0 spin-flip transitions in the N = 28 isotones by 201 MeV proton inelastic scattering
journal, December 1983

Statistical Gamma-Decay at Low Angular Momentum
journal, January 1990

Testing the constant-temperature approach for the nuclear level density
journal, November 2017

Observation of the M1 giant resonance by resonance averaging in 106Pd
journal, June 1987

Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the optical counterpart to a gravitational wave source
journal, October 2017

Experimental energy-dependent nuclear spin distributions
journal, November 2009

Examination of the low-energy enhancement of the $γ$ -ray strength function of ${}^{56}{Fe}$
journal, February 2018

Synthesis of the Elements in Stars
journal, October 1957

The magic nature of 132Sn explored through the single-particle states of 133Sn
journal, May 2010

Large Low-Energy $M 1$ Strength for ${}^{56, 57}{Fe}$ within the Nuclear Shell Model
journal, December 2014

Cosmoradiogenic Chronologies of Nucleosynthesis.
journal, February 1964

The first generation of γ-rays from hot nuclei
journal, April 1987

Effects of translational invariance violation in particle-hole calculations. Application to 208Pb
journal, July 1968

The unfolding of continuum γ-ray spectra
journal, June 1996

Test of gamma-ray strength functions in nuclear reaction model calculations
journal, May 1990

Systematic study of direct neutron capture
journal, October 2012

Photoneutron cross sections for Mo isotopes: A step toward a unified understanding of $(γ, n)$ and $(n, γ)$ reactions
journal, July 2013

Electric Dipole Ground-State Transition Width Strength Function and 7-Mev Photon Interactions
journal, April 1962

Verification of detailed balance for $γ$ absorption and emission in Dy isotopes
journal, November 2018

GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
journal, October 2017

Novel technique for Constraining $r$ -Process ( $n$ , $γ$ ) Reaction Rates
journal, December 2014

Beta decay of ${}^{51}{Sc}$ to states in ${}^{51}{Ti}$
journal, October 1976

$γ$ -ray strength function method and its application to ${}^{107}{Pd}$
journal, December 2010

Modern Nuclear Data Evaluation with the TALYS Code System
journal, December 2012

Evidence for the Dipole Nature of the Low-Energy $γ$ Enhancement in ${}^{56}{Fe}$
journal, December 2013

Neutron physics of the Re/Os clock. I. Measurement of the ( $n, γ$ ) cross sections of ${}^{186, 187, 188}{Os}$ at the CERN n_TOF facility
journal, July 2010

Impact of a low-energy enhancement in the $γ$ -ray strength function on the neutron-capture cross section
journal, July 2010

Effective interaction for $pf$ -shell nuclei
journal, May 2002

Commissioning the A1900 projectile fragment separator
journal, May 2003

Local and global nucleon optical models from 1 keV to 200 MeV
journal, January 2003

Experimental level densities of atomic nuclei
journal, December 2015

Changes in r -process abundances at late times
journal, August 2001

Level density and $γ$ -ray strength function in the odd-odd ${}^{238}{Np}$ nucleus
journal, April 2014

Extraction of level density and γ strength function from primary γ spectra
journal, June 2000

Nuclear robustness of the $r$ process in neutron-star mergers
journal, November 2015

Low-Energy Enhancement of Magnetic Dipole Radiation
journal, December 2013

Constraints on the dipole photon strength functions from experimental multistep cascade spectra
journal, April 2019

Shell-gap-reduced level densities in ${}^{89, 90}Y$
journal, October 2014

Electric and Magnetic Dipole Strength at Low Energy
journal, July 2017

Evaluation of the fluctuation enhancement factor
journal, August 1976

Neutron-capture rates for explosive nucleosynthesis: the case of ⁶⁸ Ni( n , γ ) ⁶⁹ Ni
journal, February 2017

Decay of ${Ti}^{51}$ and ${Cr}^{51}$
journal, March 1955

Compound-nuclear reaction cross sections from surrogate measurements
journal, March 2012

Spectroscopic identification of r-process nucleosynthesis in a double neutron-star merger
journal, October 2017

A statistical analysis of excited nuclear states
journal, May 1959

Entropy Driven Excitation Energy Sorting in Superfluid Fission Dynamics
journal, May 2010

Systematics of nuclear level density parameters
journal, October 2005