Fermi -LAT Observations of $γ$-Ray Emission toward the Outer Halo of M31

Karwin, Christopher M.; Murgia, Simona; Campbell, Sheldon; Moskalenko, Igor V.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab2880

Title: Fermi -LAT Observations of $$γ$$-Ray Emission toward the Outer Halo of M31

Journal Article · 30 July 2019 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2880 · OSTI ID:1560649

^[1];

^[1]; Campbell, Sheldon ^[1];

^[1]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Hansen Experimental Physics Lab. and Kavli Inst. for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

The Andromeda galaxy is the closest spiral galaxy to us and has been the subject of numerous studies. It harbors a massive dark matter halo, which may span up to ~600 kpc across and comprises ~90% of the galaxy's total mass. This halo size translates into a large diameter of 42° on the sky, for an M31–Milky Way (MW) distance of 785 kpc, but its presumably low surface brightness makes it challenging to detect with $$γ$$-ray telescopes. Using 7.6 years of Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi–LAT) observations, we make a detailed study of the $$γ$$-ray emission between 1–100 GeV toward M31's outer halo, with a total field radius of 60° centered at M31, and perform an in-depth analysis of the systematic uncertainties related to the observations. We use the cosmic-ray propagation code GALPROP to construct specialized interstellar emission models to characterize the foreground $$γ$$-ray emission from the MW, including a self-consistent determination of the isotropic component. We find evidence for an extended excess that appears to be distinct from the conventional MW foreground, having a total radial extension upward of ~120–200 kpc from the center of M31. We discuss plausible interpretations of the excess emission, but emphasize that uncertainties in the MW foreground—and in particular, modeling of the H I-related components—have not been fully explored and may impact the results.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; DESC0014431; PHY-1620638; NNX17AB48G

OSTI ID:: 1560649

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 880, Issue 2; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 28 works

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Development of the Model of Galactic Interstellar Emission for Standard Point-Source Analysis of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data Acero, F.; Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1602.07246	text	January 2016
Matter Power Spectrum in Hidden Neutrino Interacting Dark Matter Models: A Closer Look at the Collision Term Binder, Tobias; Covi, Laura; Kamada, Ayuki arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1602.07624	text	January 2016
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Evidence of Fermi bubbles around M31 Pshirkov, M. S.; Vasiliev, V. V.; Postnov, K. A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1603.07245	text	January 2016
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Project AMIGA: A Minimal Covering Factor for Optically Thick Circumgalactic Gas Around the Andromeda Galaxy Howk, J. Christopher; Wotta, Christopher B.; Berg, Michelle A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1706.01893	text	January 2017
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Mapping Extragalactic Dark Matter Annihilation with Galaxy Surveys: A Systematic Study of Stacked Group Searches Lisanti, Mariangela; Mishra-Sharma, Siddharth; Rodd, Nicholas L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1709.00416	text	January 2017
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Deciphering the local Interstellar spectra of primary cosmic ray species with HelMod Boschini, M. J.; Della Torre, S.; Gervasi, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1804.06956	text	January 2018
A Robust Excess in the Cosmic-Ray Antiproton Spectrum: Implications for Annihilating Dark Matter Cholis, Ilias; Linden, Tim; Hooper, Dan arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1903.02549	text	January 2019
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The WSRT wide-field HI survey: II. Local Group features Braun, Robert; Thilker, David arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0312323	text	January 2003
Revisiting the radial distribution of pulsars in the Galaxy Yusifov, I.; Kucuk, I. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0405559	text	January 2004
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On the accretion origin of a vast extended stellar disk around the Andromeda galaxy Ibata, R.; Chapman, S.; Ferguson, A. M. N. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0504164	text	January 2005
Extended HI Rotation Curve and Mass Distribution of M31 Carignan, Claude; Chemin, Laurent; Huchtmeier, Walter K. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0603143	text	January 2006
Mapping and Mass Measurement of the Cold Dust in NGC 205 with Spitzer Marleau, F. R.; Noriega-Crespo, A.; Misselt, K. A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0604189	text	January 2006
Probing the Nature of the G1 Clump Stellar Overdensity in the Outskirts of M31 Faria, Daniel; Johnson, Rachel A.; Ferguson, Annette M. N. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0611852	text	January 2006
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Diffuse continuum gamma rays from the Galaxy Strong, A. W.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Reimer, O. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9811296	text	January 1998
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