Fermi -LAT Observations of $γ$-Ray Emission toward the Outer Halo of M31
Abstract
The Andromeda galaxy is the closest spiral galaxy to us and has been the subject of numerous studies. It harbors a massive dark matter halo, which may span up to ~600 kpc across and comprises ~90% of the galaxy's total mass. This halo size translates into a large diameter of 42° on the sky, for an M31–Milky Way (MW) distance of 785 kpc, but its presumably low surface brightness makes it challenging to detect with $γ$-ray telescopes. Using 7.6 years of Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi–LAT) observations, we make a detailed study of the $γ$-ray emission between 1–100 GeV toward M31's outer halo, with a total field radius of 60° centered at M31, and perform an in-depth analysis of the systematic uncertainties related to the observations. We use the cosmic-ray propagation code GALPROP to construct specialized interstellar emission models to characterize the foreground $γ$-ray emission from the MW, including a self-consistent determination of the isotropic component. We find evidence for an extended excess that appears to be distinct from the conventional MW foreground, having a total radial extension upward of ~120–200 kpc from the center of M31. We discuss plausible interpretations of the excess emission, but emphasize that uncertainties inmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[1]
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Hansen Experimental Physics Lab. and Kavli Inst. for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1560649
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; DESC0014431; PHY-1620638; NNX17AB48G
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 880; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
- Publisher:
- Institute of Physics (IOP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Citation Formats
Karwin, Christopher M., Murgia, Simona, Campbell, Sheldon, and Moskalenko, Igor V. Fermi -LAT Observations of $γ$-Ray Emission toward the Outer Halo of M31. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab2880.
Karwin, Christopher M., Murgia, Simona, Campbell, Sheldon, & Moskalenko, Igor V. Fermi -LAT Observations of $γ$-Ray Emission toward the Outer Halo of M31. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2880
Karwin, Christopher M., Murgia, Simona, Campbell, Sheldon, and Moskalenko, Igor V. Tue .
"Fermi -LAT Observations of $γ$-Ray Emission toward the Outer Halo of M31". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2880. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1560649.
@article{osti_1560649,
title = {Fermi -LAT Observations of $γ$-Ray Emission toward the Outer Halo of M31},
author = {Karwin, Christopher M. and Murgia, Simona and Campbell, Sheldon and Moskalenko, Igor V.},
abstractNote = {The Andromeda galaxy is the closest spiral galaxy to us and has been the subject of numerous studies. It harbors a massive dark matter halo, which may span up to ~600 kpc across and comprises ~90% of the galaxy's total mass. This halo size translates into a large diameter of 42° on the sky, for an M31–Milky Way (MW) distance of 785 kpc, but its presumably low surface brightness makes it challenging to detect with $γ$-ray telescopes. Using 7.6 years of Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi–LAT) observations, we make a detailed study of the $γ$-ray emission between 1–100 GeV toward M31's outer halo, with a total field radius of 60° centered at M31, and perform an in-depth analysis of the systematic uncertainties related to the observations. We use the cosmic-ray propagation code GALPROP to construct specialized interstellar emission models to characterize the foreground $γ$-ray emission from the MW, including a self-consistent determination of the isotropic component. We find evidence for an extended excess that appears to be distinct from the conventional MW foreground, having a total radial extension upward of ~120–200 kpc from the center of M31. We discuss plausible interpretations of the excess emission, but emphasize that uncertainties in the MW foreground—and in particular, modeling of the H I-related components—have not been fully explored and may impact the results.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab2880},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 880,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {7}
}
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Figure 1: Observed counts (left) and saturated counts (right) for a 60° radius centered at M31, and an energy range of 1–100 GeV. The green dashed circle (21° in radius) corresponds to a 300 kpc projected radius centered at M31, for an M31–MW distance of 785 kpc, i.e. the canonicalmore »
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Deciphering Residual Emissions: Time-dependent Models for the Nonthermal Interstellar Radiation from the Milky Way
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Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.