Machine Learning Accelerates the Discovery of Design Rules and Exceptions in Stable Metal–Oxo Intermediate Formation
Abstract
Metal–oxo moieties are important catalytic intermediates in the selective partial oxidation of hydrocarbons and in water splitting. Stable metal–oxo species have reactive properties that vary depending on the spin state of the metal, complicating the development of structure–property relationships. To overcome these challenges, we train machine-learning (ML) models capable of predicting metal–oxo formation energies across a range of first-row metals, oxidation states, and spin states. Using connectivity-only features tailored for inorganic chemistry as inputs to kernel ridge regression or artificial neural network (ANN) ML models, we achieve good mean absolute errors (4–5 kcal/mol) on set-aside test data across a range of ligand orientations. Analysis of feature importance for oxo formation energy prediction reveals the dominance of nonlocal, electronic ligand properties in contrast to other transition metal complex properties (e.g., spin-state or ionization potential). We enumerate the theoretical catalyst space with an ANN, revealing expected trends in oxo formation energetics, such as destabilization of the metal–oxo species with increasing d-filling, as well as exceptions, such as weak correlations with indicators of oxidative stability of the metal in the resting state or unexpected spin-state dependence in reactivity. We carry out uncertainty-aware evolutionary optimization using the ANN to explore a >37 000 candidatemore »
- Authors:
-
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Energy Frontier Research Center for Inorganometallic Catalyst Design (ICDC); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1560618
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0012702
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- ACS Catalysis
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 2155-5435
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; metal−oxo species; machine learning; density functional theory; spin-state-dependent reactivity; transition metal catalysis; artificial neural networks
Citation Formats
Nandy, Aditya, Zhu, Jiazhou, Janet, Jon Paul, Duan, Chenru, Getman, Rachel B., and Kulik, Heather J. Machine Learning Accelerates the Discovery of Design Rules and Exceptions in Stable Metal–Oxo Intermediate Formation. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1021/acscatal.9b02165.
Nandy, Aditya, Zhu, Jiazhou, Janet, Jon Paul, Duan, Chenru, Getman, Rachel B., & Kulik, Heather J. Machine Learning Accelerates the Discovery of Design Rules and Exceptions in Stable Metal–Oxo Intermediate Formation. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.9b02165
Nandy, Aditya, Zhu, Jiazhou, Janet, Jon Paul, Duan, Chenru, Getman, Rachel B., and Kulik, Heather J. Tue .
"Machine Learning Accelerates the Discovery of Design Rules and Exceptions in Stable Metal–Oxo Intermediate Formation". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.9b02165. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1560618.
@article{osti_1560618,
title = {Machine Learning Accelerates the Discovery of Design Rules and Exceptions in Stable Metal–Oxo Intermediate Formation},
author = {Nandy, Aditya and Zhu, Jiazhou and Janet, Jon Paul and Duan, Chenru and Getman, Rachel B. and Kulik, Heather J.},
abstractNote = {Metal–oxo moieties are important catalytic intermediates in the selective partial oxidation of hydrocarbons and in water splitting. Stable metal–oxo species have reactive properties that vary depending on the spin state of the metal, complicating the development of structure–property relationships. To overcome these challenges, we train machine-learning (ML) models capable of predicting metal–oxo formation energies across a range of first-row metals, oxidation states, and spin states. Using connectivity-only features tailored for inorganic chemistry as inputs to kernel ridge regression or artificial neural network (ANN) ML models, we achieve good mean absolute errors (4–5 kcal/mol) on set-aside test data across a range of ligand orientations. Analysis of feature importance for oxo formation energy prediction reveals the dominance of nonlocal, electronic ligand properties in contrast to other transition metal complex properties (e.g., spin-state or ionization potential). We enumerate the theoretical catalyst space with an ANN, revealing expected trends in oxo formation energetics, such as destabilization of the metal–oxo species with increasing d-filling, as well as exceptions, such as weak correlations with indicators of oxidative stability of the metal in the resting state or unexpected spin-state dependence in reactivity. We carry out uncertainty-aware evolutionary optimization using the ANN to explore a >37 000 candidate catalyst space. New metal and oxidation state combinations are uncovered and validated with density functional theory (DFT), including counterintuitive oxo formation energies for oxidatively stable complexes. This approach doubles the density of confirmed DFT leads in originally sparsely populated regions of property space, highlighting the potential of ML-model-driven discovery to uncover catalyst design rules and exceptions.},
doi = {10.1021/acscatal.9b02165},
journal = {ACS Catalysis},
number = 9,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {7}
}
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:

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