Synthetic WSe2 monolayers with high photoluminescence quantum yield
Abstract
In recent years, there have been tremendous advancements in the growth of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). However, obtaining high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY), which is the key figure of merit for optoelectronics, is still challenging in the grown monolayers. Specifically, the as-grown monolayers often exhibit lower PL QY than their mechanically exfoliated counterparts. In this work, we demonstrate synthetic tungsten diselenide (WSe2) monolayers with PL QY exceeding that of exfoliated crystals by over an order of magnitude. PL QY of ~60% is obtained in monolayer films grown by CVD, which is the highest reported value to date for WSe2 prepared by any technique. The high optoelectronic quality is enabled by the combination of optimizing growth conditions via tuning the halide promoter ratio, and introducing a simple substrate decoupling method via solvent evaporation, which also mechanically relaxes the grown films. The achievement of scalable WSe2 with high PL QY could potentially enable the emergence of technologically relevant devices at the atomically thin limit.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1560585
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Science Advances
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 5; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548
- Publisher:
- AAAS
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Kim, Hyungjin, Ahn, Geun Ho, Cho, Joy, Amani, Matin, Mastandrea, James P., Groschner, Catherine K., Lien, Der-Hsien, Zhao, Yingbo, Ager, Joel W., Scott, Mary C., Chrzan, Daryl C., and Javey, Ali. Synthetic WSe2 monolayers with high photoluminescence quantum yield. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aau4728.
Kim, Hyungjin, Ahn, Geun Ho, Cho, Joy, Amani, Matin, Mastandrea, James P., Groschner, Catherine K., Lien, Der-Hsien, Zhao, Yingbo, Ager, Joel W., Scott, Mary C., Chrzan, Daryl C., & Javey, Ali. Synthetic WSe2 monolayers with high photoluminescence quantum yield. United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau4728
Kim, Hyungjin, Ahn, Geun Ho, Cho, Joy, Amani, Matin, Mastandrea, James P., Groschner, Catherine K., Lien, Der-Hsien, Zhao, Yingbo, Ager, Joel W., Scott, Mary C., Chrzan, Daryl C., and Javey, Ali. Wed .
"Synthetic WSe2 monolayers with high photoluminescence quantum yield". United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau4728. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1560585.
@article{osti_1560585,
title = {Synthetic WSe2 monolayers with high photoluminescence quantum yield},
author = {Kim, Hyungjin and Ahn, Geun Ho and Cho, Joy and Amani, Matin and Mastandrea, James P. and Groschner, Catherine K. and Lien, Der-Hsien and Zhao, Yingbo and Ager, Joel W. and Scott, Mary C. and Chrzan, Daryl C. and Javey, Ali},
abstractNote = {In recent years, there have been tremendous advancements in the growth of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). However, obtaining high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY), which is the key figure of merit for optoelectronics, is still challenging in the grown monolayers. Specifically, the as-grown monolayers often exhibit lower PL QY than their mechanically exfoliated counterparts. In this work, we demonstrate synthetic tungsten diselenide (WSe2) monolayers with PL QY exceeding that of exfoliated crystals by over an order of magnitude. PL QY of ~60% is obtained in monolayer films grown by CVD, which is the highest reported value to date for WSe2 prepared by any technique. The high optoelectronic quality is enabled by the combination of optimizing growth conditions via tuning the halide promoter ratio, and introducing a simple substrate decoupling method via solvent evaporation, which also mechanically relaxes the grown films. The achievement of scalable WSe2 with high PL QY could potentially enable the emergence of technologically relevant devices at the atomically thin limit.},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aau4728},
journal = {Science Advances},
number = 1,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {1}
}
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:

Works referenced in this record:
Polymeric Droplets on Soft Surfaces: From Neumann’s Triangle to Young’s Law
journal, January 2015
- Cao, Zhen; Dobrynin, Andrey V.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 48, Issue 2
High-mobility three-atom-thick semiconducting films with wafer-scale homogeneity
journal, April 2015
- Kang, Kibum; Xie, Saien; Huang, Lujie
- Nature, Vol. 520, Issue 7549
Strain-Induced Indirect to Direct Bandgap Transition in Multilayer WSe 2
journal, July 2014
- Desai, Sujay B.; Seol, Gyungseon; Kang, Jeong Seuk
- Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 8
MoS2 transistors with 1-nanometer gate lengths
journal, October 2016
- Desai, S. B.; Madhvapathy, S. R.; Sachid, A. B.
- Science, Vol. 354, Issue 6308
Controllable synthesis of molybdenum tungsten disulfide alloy for vertically composition-controlled multilayer
journal, July 2015
- Song, Jeong-Gyu; Ryu, Gyeong Hee; Lee, Su Jeong
- Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Epitaxial growth of a monolayer WSe2-MoS2 lateral p-n junction with an atomically sharp interface
journal, July 2015
- Li, M. -Y.; Shi, Y.; Cheng, C. -C.
- Science, Vol. 349, Issue 6247
Highly Scalable, Atomically Thin WSe 2 Grown via Metal–Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
journal, January 2015
- Eichfeld, Sarah M.; Hossain, Lorraine; Lin, Yu-Chuan
- ACS Nano, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Layer-by-layer assembly of two-dimensional materials into wafer-scale heterostructures
journal, September 2017
- Kang, Kibum; Lee, Kan-Heng; Han, Yimo
- Nature, Vol. 550, Issue 7675
Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, November 2012
- Wang, Qing Hua; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kourosh; Kis, Andras
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 11, p. 699-712
Photonics and optoelectronics of 2D semiconductor transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, March 2016
- Mak, Kin Fai; Shan, Jie
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 10, Issue 4
Large-scale chemical assembly of atomically thin transistors and circuits
journal, July 2016
- Zhao, Mervin; Ye, Yu; Han, Yimo
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 11, Issue 11
Strain and structure heterogeneity in MoS2 atomic layers grown by chemical vapour deposition
journal, November 2014
- Liu, Zheng; Amani, Matin; Najmaei, Sina
- Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Solid surface tension measured by a liquid drop under a solid film
journal, June 2013
- Nadermann, N.; Hui, C. -Y.; Jagota, A.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 26
Recent development of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides and their applications
journal, April 2017
- Choi, Wonbong; Choudhary, Nitin; Han, Gang Hee
- Materials Today, Vol. 20, Issue 3
Near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield in MoS2
journal, November 2015
- Amani, M.; Lien, D. -H.; Kiriya, D.
- Science, Vol. 350, Issue 6264
Intrinsic Structural Defects in Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide
journal, May 2013
- Zhou, Wu; Zou, Xiaolong; Najmaei, Sina
- Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 6, p. 2615-2622
Observation of ultralong valley lifetime in WSe 2 /MoS 2 heterostructures
journal, July 2017
- Kim, Jonghwan; Jin, Chenhao; Chen, Bin
- Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 7
Large-Area Synthesis of Highly Crystalline WSe 2 Monolayers and Device Applications
journal, December 2013
- Huang, Jing-Kai; Pu, Jiang; Hsu, Chang-Lung
- ACS Nano, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Strongly enhanced photoluminescence in nanostructured monolayer MoS 2 by chemical vapor deposition
journal, February 2016
- Zhu, Yi; Yang, Jiong; Zhang, Shuang
- Nanotechnology, Vol. 27, Issue 13
Tuning the Electronic Properties of Semiconducting Transition Metal Dichalcogenides by Applying Mechanical Strains
journal, May 2012
- Johari, Priya; Shenoy, Vivek B.
- ACS Nano, Vol. 6, Issue 6
Recombination Kinetics and Effects of Superacid Treatment in Sulfur- and Selenium-Based Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
journal, March 2016
- Amani, Matin; Taheri, Peyman; Addou, Rafik
- Nano Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 4
Highly oriented WSe2 thin films prepared by selenization of evaporated WO3
journal, June 1994
- Salitra, G.; Hodes, G.; Klein, E.
- Thin Solid Films, Vol. 245, Issue 1-2
Synthesis of Large-Area MoS2 Atomic Layers with Chemical Vapor Deposition
journal, March 2012
- Lee, Yi-Hsien; Zhang, Xin-Quan; Zhang, Wenjing
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 24, Issue 17, p. 2320-2325
Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Monolayer WSe 2 with Tunable Device Characteristics and Growth Mechanism Study
journal, May 2015
- Liu, Bilu; Fathi, Mohammad; Chen, Liang
- ACS Nano, Vol. 9, Issue 6
Strain-engineered growth of two-dimensional materials
journal, September 2017
- Ahn, Geun Ho; Amani, Matin; Rasool, Haider
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Distinct photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy signatures for identifying highly crystalline WS 2 monolayers produced by different growth methods
journal, March 2016
- McCreary, Amber; Berkdemir, Ayse; Wang, Junjie
- Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 31, Issue 7
On Optical Dipole Moment and Radiative Recombination Lifetime of Excitons in WSe 2
journal, September 2016
- Jin, Chenhao; Kim, Jonghwan; Wu, Kedi
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 19
Monolayer excitonic laser
journal, October 2015
- Ye, Yu; Wong, Zi Jing; Lu, Xiufang
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 9, Issue 11
Large-area and bright pulsed electroluminescence in monolayer semiconductors
journal, March 2018
- Lien, Der-Hsien; Amani, Matin; Desai, Sujay B.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Highly Stable Near-Unity Photoluminescence Yield in Monolayer MoS 2 by Fluoropolymer Encapsulation and Superacid Treatment
journal, April 2017
- Kim, Hyungjin; Lien, Der-Hsien; Amani, Matin
- ACS Nano, Vol. 11, Issue 5
High Luminescence Efficiency in MoS 2 Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition
journal, June 2016
- Amani, Matin; Burke, Robert A.; Ji, Xiang
- ACS Nano, Vol. 10, Issue 7
Control of biaxial strain in single-layer molybdenite using local thermal expansion of the substrate
journal, March 2015
- Plechinger, Gerd; Castellanos-Gomez, Andres; Buscema, Michele
- 2D Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 1
Understanding Solvent Effects on the Properties of Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
journal, March 2016
- Choi, Jungwook; Zhang, Hanyu; Du, Haodong
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 8, Issue 14
Planar equilibrium shapes of a liquid drop on a membrane
journal, January 2015
- Hui, Chung-Yuen; Jagota, Anand
- Soft Matter, Vol. 11, Issue 46
Liquid Droplets on a Highly Deformable Membrane
journal, November 2015
- Schulman, Rafael D.; Dalnoki-Veress, Kari
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 20
Halide-assisted atmospheric pressure growth of large WSe2 and WS2 monolayer crystals
journal, November 2015
- Li, Shisheng; Wang, Shunfeng; Tang, Dai-Ming
- Applied Materials Today, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Enhancing Multifunctionalities of Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers via Cation Intercalation
journal, September 2017
- Yu, Yifei; Li, Guoqing; Huang, Lujun
- ACS Nano, Vol. 11, Issue 9
Exciton trapping is responsible for the long apparent lifetime in acid-treated
journal, September 2017
- Goodman, A. J.; Willard, A. P.; Tisdale, W. A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 12
Measurement of the optical dielectric function of monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides: , , , and
journal, November 2014
- Li, Yilei; Chernikov, Alexey; Zhang, Xian
- Physical Review B, Vol. 90, Issue 20
Works referencing / citing this record:
Quick Optical Identification of the Defect Formation in Monolayer WSe2 for Growth Optimization
journal, August 2019
- Fang, Long; Chen, Haitao; Yuan, Xiaoming
- Nanoscale Research Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 1
Enhancing monolayer photoluminescence on optical micro/nanofibers for low-threshold lasing.
text, January 2019
- Liao, Feng; Yu, Jiaxin; Gu, Zhaoqi
- Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Ni–WSe 2 nanostructures as efficient catalysts for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic and alkaline media
journal, January 2020
- Kadam, Sunil R.; Enyashin, Andrey N.; Houben, Lothar
- Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 3
Centimeter‐Scale and Visible Wavelength Monolayer Light‐Emitting Devices
journal, December 2019
- Cho, Joy; Amani, Matin; Lien, Der‐Hsien
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 6
Wafer-scale and deterministic patterned growth of monolayer MoS 2 via vapor–liquid–solid method
journal, January 2019
- Li, Shisheng; Lin, Yung-Chang; Liu, Xu-Ying
- Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 34
Enhancing functionalities of atomically thin semiconductors with plasmonic nanostructures
journal, March 2019
- Cotrufo, Michele; Sun, Liuyang; Choi, Junho
- Nanophotonics, Vol. 8, Issue 4
Collective excitations in 2D atomic layers: Recent perspectives
journal, January 2020
- Cho, Yujin; Huang, Jiahui; Wong, Chee Wei
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 2
Enhancing monolayer photoluminescence on optical micro/nanofibers for low-threshold lasing
journal, November 2019
- Liao, Feng; Yu, Jiaxin; Gu, Zhaoqi
- Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Chemically Tuned p‐ and n‐Type WSe 2 Monolayers with High Carrier Mobility for Advanced Electronics
journal, September 2019
- Ji, Hyun Goo; Solís‐Fernández, Pablo; Yoshimura, Daisuke
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 42
Figures / Tables found in this record: