Controlling the Infrared Dielectric Function through Atomic-Scale Heterostructures

Ratchford, Daniel; Winta, Christopher; Chatzakis, Ioannis; Ellis, Chase; Passler, Nikolai; Winterstein, Jonathan; Dev, Pratibha; Razdolski, Ilya; Tischler, Joseph; Vurgaftman, Igor; Katz, Michael; Nepal, Neeraj; Hardy, Matthew; Hachtel, Jordan; Idrobo Tapia, Juan Carlos; Reinecke, Thomas; Giles, Alexander; Katzer, D; Bassim, Nabil; Stroud, Rhonda; Wolf, Martin; Paarmann, Alex; Caldwell, Joshua

doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b01275

Title: Controlling the Infrared Dielectric Function through Atomic-Scale Heterostructures

Journal Article · 04 June 2019 · ACS Nano

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b01275 · OSTI ID:1559667

Ratchford, Daniel ^[1]; Winta, Christopher ^[1]; Chatzakis, Ioannis ^[1]; Ellis, Chase ^[1]; Passler, Nikolai ^[2]; Winterstein, Jonathan ^[1]; Dev, Pratibha ^[3]; Razdolski, Ilya ^[2]; Tischler, Joseph ^[1]; Vurgaftman, Igor ^[1]; Katz, Michael ^[1]; Nepal, Neeraj ^[1]; Hardy, Matthew ^[1];

^[4];

^[4]; Reinecke, Thomas ^[1]; Giles, Alexander ^[1]; Katzer, D ^[5]; Bassim, Nabil ^[6]; Stroud, Rhonda ^[1] more »

Naval Research Lab. (NRL), Washington, DC (United States)
Fritz Haber Inst., Berlin (Germany)
Howard Univ., Washington, D.C. (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C.
McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON (United States)
Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States)

Surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs), the surface-bound electromagnetic modes of a polar material resulting from the coupling of light with optic phonons, offer immense technological opportunities for nanophotonics in the infrared (IR) spectral region. However, once a particular material is chosen, the SPhP characteristics are fixed by the spectral positions of the optic phonon frequencies. Here, we provide a demonstration of how the frequency of these optic phonons can be altered by employing atomic-scale superlattices (SLs) of polar semiconductors using AlN/GaN SLs as an example. Using second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy, we show that the optic phonon frequencies of the SLs exhibit a strong dependence on the layer thicknesses of the constituent materials. Furthermore, new vibrational modes emerge that are confined to the layers, while others are centered at the AlN/GaN interfaces. As the IR dielectric function is governed by the optic phonon behavior in polar materials, controlling the optic phonons provides a means to induce and potentially design a dielectric function distinct from the constituent materials and from the effective-medium approximation of the SL. We show that atomic-scale AlN/GaN SLs instead have multiple Reststrahlen bands featuring spectral regions that exhibit either normal or extreme hyperbolic dispersion with both positive and negative permittivities dispersing rapidly with frequency. Apart from the ability to engineer the SPhP properties, SL structures may also lead to multifunctional devices that combine the mechanical, electrical, thermal, or optoelectronic functionality of the constituent layers. We propose that this effort is another step toward realizing user-defined, actively tunable IR optics and sources.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1559667

Journal Information:: ACS Nano, Vol. 13, Issue 6

Publisher:: ACS PublicationsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 28 works

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Influence of spatial dispersion on spectral tuning of phonon-polaritons Beechem, Thomas E.; Saltonstall, Christopher B.; Gilbert, Tristan Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.205419	journal	November 2019

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