Boundary-induced effect on the spoke-like activity in E × B plasma

Rodríguez, Eduardo; Skoutnev, V.; Raitses, Y.; Powis, A.; Kaganovich, I.; Smolyakov, A.

doi:10.1063/1.5092702

Title: Boundary-induced effect on the spoke-like activity in E × B plasma

Abstract

The spoke instability in an E × B Penning discharge is shown to be strongly affected by the boundary that is perpendicular to B field lines. The instability is the strongest when bounded by dielectric walls. With a conducting wall, biased to collect electron current from the plasma, the spoke becomes faster, less coherent, and localized closer to the axis. The corresponding anomalous cross-field transport is assessed via simultaneous time-resolved measurements of plasma potential and density. Here, this shows a dominant large-scale E × B anomalous character of the electron cross-field current for dielectric walls reaching 40%–100% of the discharge current, with an effective Hall parameter β_eff ~10. The anomalous current is greatly reduced with the conducting boundary (characterized by β_eff ~ 10²). These experimental measurements are shown to be qualitatively consistent with the decrease in the E field that triggers the collisionless Simon-Hoh instability.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Powis, A. ^[1];

^[1];

^[2]

Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Univ. of Saskachewan, Saskatoon, SK(Canada)

Publication Date:: Tue May 07 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

Contributing Org.:: This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR).

OSTI Identifier:: 1558788

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics of Plasmas

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 26; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Rodríguez, Eduardo, Skoutnev, V., Raitses, Y., Powis, A., Kaganovich, I., and Smolyakov, A. Boundary-induced effect on the spoke-like activity in E × B plasma.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.5092702.

Copy to clipboard


                    Rodríguez, Eduardo, Skoutnev, V., Raitses, Y., Powis, A., Kaganovich, I., & Smolyakov, A. Boundary-induced effect on the spoke-like activity in E × B plasma.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5092702

Copy to clipboard


                    Rodríguez, Eduardo, Skoutnev, V., Raitses, Y., Powis, A., Kaganovich, I., and Smolyakov, A. Tue .  
"Boundary-induced effect on the spoke-like activity in E × B plasma".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5092702.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1558788.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1558788,

  title        = {Boundary-induced effect on the spoke-like activity in E × B plasma},

  author       = {Rodríguez, Eduardo and Skoutnev, V. and Raitses, Y. and Powis, A. and Kaganovich, I. and Smolyakov, A.},

  abstractNote = {The spoke instability in an E × B Penning discharge is shown to be strongly affected by the boundary that is perpendicular to B field lines. The instability is the strongest when bounded by dielectric walls. With a conducting wall, biased to collect electron current from the plasma, the spoke becomes faster, less coherent, and localized closer to the axis. The corresponding anomalous cross-field transport is assessed via simultaneous time-resolved measurements of plasma potential and density. Here, this shows a dominant large-scale E × B anomalous character of the electron cross-field current for dielectric walls reaching 40%–100% of the discharge current, with an effective Hall parameter βeff ~10. The anomalous current is greatly reduced with the conducting boundary (characterized by βeff ~ 102). These experimental measurements are shown to be qualitatively consistent with the decrease in the E field that triggers the collisionless Simon-Hoh instability.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.5092702},

  journal      = {Physics of Plasmas},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 26,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue May 07 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Tue May 07 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5092702

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 10 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Tutorial: Physics and modeling of Hall thrusters
journal, January 2017

Boeuf, Jean-Pierre
Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 121, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1063/1.4972269

Long wavelength gradient drift instability in Hall plasma devices. I. Fluid theory
journal, July 2012

Frias, Winston; Smolyakov, Andrei I.; Kaganovich, Igor D.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1063/1.4736997

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results?
journal, June 2011

Godyak, V. A.; Demidov, V. I.
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 44, Issue 26
DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/44/26/269501

Recent progress and perspectives of space electric propulsion systems based on smart nanomaterials
journal, February 2018

Levchenko, I.; Xu, S.; Teel, G.
Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02269-7

Excitation of the modified Simon–Hoh instability in an electron beam produced plasma
journal, June 1993

Sakawa, Y.; Joshi, C.; Kaw, P. K.
Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1063/1.860803

Scaling of spoke rotation frequency within a Penning discharge
journal, July 2018

Powis, Andrew T.; Carlsson, Johan A.; Kaganovich, Igor D.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1063/1.5038733

Instability of Penning-Type Discharges
journal, January 1963

Hoh, F. C.
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 6, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1063/1.1706878

Understanding Langmuir probe current-voltage characteristics
journal, December 2007

Merlino, Robert L.
American Journal of Physics, Vol. 75, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1119/1.2772282

Rotating Instability in Low-Temperature Magnetized Plasmas
journal, October 2013

Boeuf, Jean-Pierre; Chaudhury, Bhaskar
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 15
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.155005

Space potential measurements with a continuously emitting probe
journal, August 1990

Mravlag, E.; Krumm, P.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 61, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1063/1.1141384

Investigation of physical processes in CAMILA Hall thruster using electrical probes
journal, April 2012

Kronhaus, Igal; Kapulkin, Alexander; Balabanov, Vladimir
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 45, Issue 17
DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/45/17/175203

Space charge saturated sheath regime and electron temperature saturation in Hall thrusters
journal, July 2005

Raitses, Y.; Staack, D.; Smirnov, A.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1063/1.1944328

Variable operation of Hall thruster with multiple segmented electrodes
journal, February 2001

Fisch, N. J.; Raitses, Y.; Dorf, L. A.
Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 89, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1063/1.1337919

Rayleigh instability in Hall thrusters
journal, April 2004

Litvak, Andrei A.; Fisch, Nathaniel J.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 11, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1063/1.1647565

The conceptual development of stationary plasma thrusters
journal, March 2003

Morozov, A. I.
Plasma Physics Reports, Vol. 29, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1134/1.1561119

Instability of a Partially Ionized Plasma in Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields
journal, January 1963

Simon, Albert
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 6, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1063/1.1706743

Direct observation of spoke evolution in magnetron sputtering
journal, August 2017

Anders, André; Yang, Yuchen
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1063/1.4994192

A floating potential method for measuring ion density
journal, April 2002

Chen, Francis F.; Evans, John D.; Arnush, Donald
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 9, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1063/1.1462630

Turbulent Diffusion in a Penning-Type Discharge
journal, January 1966

Thomassen, K. I.
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 9, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1063/1.1761940

Floating potential of emitting surfaces in plasmas with respect to the space potential
journal, March 2018

Kraus, B. F.; Raitses, Y.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1063/1.5018335

Segmented Electrode Hall Thruster
journal, November 2006

Diamant, Kevin D.; Pollard, James E.; Cohen, Ronald B.
Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 22, Issue 6
DOI: 10.2514/1.19417

Fluid theory and simulations of instabilities, turbulent transport and coherent structures in partially-magnetized plasmas of $\mathbf{E}\times \mathbf{B}$ discharges
journal, November 2016

Smolyakov, A. I.; Chapurin, O.; Frias, W.
Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1088/0741-3335/59/1/014041

The Mechanism of Electrical Discharges in Gases of Low Pressure
journal, April 1940

Druyvesteyn, M. J.; Penning, F. M.
Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.12.87

Rotation of a magnetized plasma
journal, March 2011

Annaratone, B. M.; Escarguel, A.; Lefevre, T.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1063/1.3566004

Transition in electron transport in a cylindrical Hall thruster
journal, August 2010

Parker, J. B.; Raitses, Y.; Fisch, N. J.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1063/1.3486164

Cross-field electron transport induced by a rotating spoke in a cylindrical Hall thruster
journal, January 2012

Ellison, C. L.; Raitses, Y.; Fisch, N. J.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1063/1.3671920

The use of segmented cathodes to determine the spoke current density distribution in high power impulse magnetron sputtering plasmas
journal, April 2015

Poolcharuansin, Phitsanu; Estrin, Francis Lockwood; Bradley, James W.
Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 117, Issue 16
DOI: 10.1063/1.4918720

Performance Analysis of a Low-Power Magnetically Shielded Hall Thruster: Computational Modeling
journal, July 2017

Conversano, Ryan W.; Goebel, Dan M.; Mikellides, Ioannis G.
Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 33, Issue 4
DOI: 10.2514/1.B36231

Magnetron Oscillations
journal, September 1934

Megaw, E. C. S.
Nature, Vol. 134, Issue 3383
DOI: 10.1038/134324b0

Anomalous Electron Diffusion and Ion Acceleration in a Low-Density Plasma
journal, January 1966

Janes, G. S.
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 9, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1063/1.1761810

Magnetron sputtering
journal, March 1988

Swann, S.
Physics in Technology, Vol. 19, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1088/0305-4624/19/2/304

Fast sweeping probe system for characterization of spokes in E × B discharges
journal, December 2018

Skoutnev, V.; Dourbal, P.; Rodríguez, E.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1063/1.5053677

Modification of the Simon-Hoh Instability by the sheath effects in partially magnetized E × B plasmas
journal, August 2018

Morin, Vincent; Smolyakov, Andrei I.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1063/1.5044649

High power impulse magnetron sputtering discharges: Instabilities and plasma self-organization
journal, March 2012

Ehiasarian, A. P.; Hecimovic, A.; de los Arcos, T.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1063/1.3692172

Physics of closed drift thrusters
journal, January 1999

Zhurin, V. V.; Kaufman, H. R.; Robinson, R. S.
Plasma Sources Science and Technology, Vol. 8, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1088/0963-0252/8/1/021

Design, construction, and properties of the large plasma research device−The LAPD at UCLA
journal, December 1991

Gekelman, W.; Pfister, H.; Lucky, Z.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 62, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1063/1.1142175

Transparent ZnO thin-film transistor fabricated by rf magnetron sputtering
journal, February 2003

Carcia, P. F.; McLean, R. S.; Reilly, M. H.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 82, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1063/1.1553997

Self-organization in planar magnetron microdischarge plasmas
journal, June 2015

Ito, Tsuyohito; Young, Christopher V.; Cappelli, Mark A.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 25
DOI: 10.1063/1.4922898

Long wavelength gradient drift instability in Hall plasma devices. II. Applications
journal, May 2013

Frias, Winston; Smolyakov, Andrei I.; Kaganovich, Igor D.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.4804281

Rotating structures in low temperature magnetized plasmasâ€”insight from particle simulations
journal, December 2014

Boeuf, Jean-Pierre
Frontiers in Physics, Vol. 2
DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2014.00074

Experimental Insights Into High-Frequency Instabilities and Related Anomalous Electron Transport in Hall Thrusters
journal, October 2008

Lazurenko, A.; Krasnoselskikh, V.; Bouchoule, A.
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 36, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2008.2000972

Sheath-Induced Instabilities in Plasmas with $E_{0} \times B_{0}$ Drift
journal, September 2013

Smolyakov, A. I.; Frias, W.; Kaganovich, I. D.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.115002

Ultrahigh Speed Images of Hall Thruster Azimuthal Instabilities
journal, October 2014

Liu, David; Huffman, Richard E.; Branam, Richard D.
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 42, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2014.2325799

Effect of non-uniform electric fields on drift instabilities
journal, July 1970

Dobrowolny, M.
Plasma Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1088/0032-1028/12/7/001

Particle-in-cell simulations of anomalous transport in a Penning discharge
journal, June 2018

Carlsson, Johan; Kaganovich, Igor; Powis, Andrew
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1063/1.5017467

Ambipolar Diffusion in a Magnetic Field
journal, April 1955

Simon, Albert
Physical Review, Vol. 98, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.98.317

Magnetron sputtering: a review of recent developments and applications
journal, March 2000

Kelly, P. J.; Arnell, R. D.
Vacuum, Vol. 56, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/S0042-207X(99)00189-X

Recommended Practice for Use of Emissive Probes in Electric Propulsion Testing
journal, May 2017

Sheehan, J. P.; Raitses, Yevgeny; Hershkowitz, Noah
Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 33, Issue 3
DOI: 10.2514/1.B35697

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results?
journal, May 2011

Godyak, V. A.; Demidov, V. I.
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 44, Issue 23
DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/44/23/233001

Rayleigh Instability in Hall Thrusters
conference, June 2012

Litvak, Andrei; Fisch, Nathaniel
38th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit
DOI: 10.2514/6.2002-3952

Ambipolar Diffusion in a Magnetic Field
journal, January 1965

Holway, L. H.
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 8, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1063/1.1761385

Magnetron sputtering
journal, December 2020

Rossnagel, Stephen M.
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A, Vol. 38, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1116/6.0000594

Particle-in-cell simulations of anomalous transport in a Penning discharge
text, January 2017

Carlsson, Johan; Kaganovich, Igor; Powis, Andrew
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1711.09790

Floating potential of emitting surfaces in plasmas with respect to the space potential
text, January 2018

Kraus, Brian F.; Raitses, Yevgeny
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1801.07845

Scaling of Spoke Rotation Frequency within a Penning Discharge
text, January 2018

Powis, Andrew T.; Carlsson, Johan A.; Kaganovich, Igor D.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1805.04438

Total Cross Sections for Ionization and Attachment in Gases by Electron Impact. I. Positive Ionization
journal, September 1965

Rapp, Donald; Englander‐Golden, Paula
The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 43, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.1696957

Space charge saturated sheath regime and electron temperature saturation in Hall thrusters
journal, July 2005

Raitses, Y.; Staack, D.; Smirnov, A.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1063/1.1944328

Long wavelength gradient drift instability in Hall plasma devices. I. Fluid theory
journal, July 2012

Frias, Winston; Smolyakov, Andrei I.; Kaganovich, Igor D.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1063/1.4736997

Floating potential of emitting surfaces in plasmas with respect to the space potential
journal, March 2018

Kraus, B. F.; Raitses, Y.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1063/1.5018335

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results?
journal, June 2011

Godyak, V. A.; Demidov, V. I.
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 44, Issue 26
DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/44/26/269501

Rotating Spoke Instabilities in Hall Thrusters
journal, November 2011

McDonald, Michael S.; Gallimore, Alec D.
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 39, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1109/tps.2011.2161343

Works referencing / citing this record:

The nonmodal kinetic theory for the electrostatic instabilities of a plasma with a sheared Hall current
journal, November 2019

Mikhailenko, V. V.; Mikhailenko, V. S.; Lee, H. J.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1063/1.5110754

The nonmodal kinetic theory for the electrostatic instabilities of a plasma with a sheared Hall current
text, January 2019

Mikhailenko, V. V.; Mikhailenko, V. S.; Lee, Hae June
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1905.04886

Physics of E × B discharges relevant to plasma propulsion and similar technologies
journal, December 2020

Kaganovich, Igor D.; Smolyakov, Andrei; Raitses, Yevgeny
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 27, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1063/5.0010135

Perspectives on Physics of ExB Discharges Relevant to Plasma Propulsion and Similar Technologies
text, January 2020

Kaganovich, Igor D.; Smolyakov, Andrei; Raitses, Yevgeny
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2007.09194

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Scaling of spoke rotation frequency within a Penning discharge

Journal Article Powis, Andrew T. ; Carlsson, Johan A. ; Kaganovich, Igor D. ; ... - Physics of Plasmas

A rotating plasma spoke is shown to develop in two-dimensional full-sized kinetic simulations of a Penning discharge cross-section. Electron cross-field transport within the discharge is highly anomalous and correlates strongly with the spoke phase. Similarity between collisional and collisionless simulations demonstrates that ionization is not necessary for spoke formation. Parameter scans with discharge current I_d, applied magnetic field strength B, and ion mass m_i show that the spoke frequency scales with √eE_rL_n/m_i, where E_r is the radial electric field, L_n is the gradient length scale, and e is the fundamental charge. As a result, this scaling suggests that the spokemore »« less
Cited by 32
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038733

Full Text Available
Azimuthal structures and turbulent transport in Penning discharge

Journal Article Tyushev, Mikhail Sergeevich ; Papahn Zadeh, Mina ; Sharma, Vedanth ; ... - Physics of Plasmas

Azimuthal structures in cylindrical Penning discharge are studied with a 2D3V radial–azimuthal PIC/MCC model with the axial magnetic field. The discharge is self-consistently supported by ionization due to the axial injection of electrons. It is shown that the steady-state discharge can be supported in two different regimes with different types of observed azimuthal structures. The transition between the regimes is controlled by the mechanism of the energy input to the discharge. In the first regime (low energy of the injected electrons), with the pronounced m = 1 spoke activity, the power input is dominated by the energy absorption due to the radialmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0129804

Full Text Available
Fast sweeping probe system for characterization of spokes in E × B discharges

Journal Article Skoutnev, V. ; Dourbal, P. ; Rodríguez, E. ; ... - Review of Scientific Instruments

In this work, we developed a rapidly swept, back-to-back 100 kHz Langmuir probe system using a tunable compensating network to study the temporal evolution of low frequency oscillations in Penning discharges, Hall Thrusters, and other E × B discharges. Experimental validation of the probe system is performed at low and high sweeping frequencies in a stable Penning discharge. Then application of the probe system to measurements of plasma parameter fluctuations in a low frequency (4 kHz) rotating spoke and an analysis method using the Hilbert transform are shown. We proposs that the rotating spoke oscillation conducts approximately a third ofmore »« less
Cited by 8
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5053677

Full Text Available
Full fluid moment modeling of rotating spokes in Penning-type configuration

Journal Article Mansour, A. R. ; Hara, K. - Plasma Sources Science and Technology

Rotating spokes are observed in a partially magnetized plasma using a two-dimensional full fluid moment (FFM) model. In the present setup, where the radial electric field and plasma density gradient exist in opposite directions, it is observed that the spokes propagate in the direction of the diamagnetic drift and not the E × B drift. This is contrary to the modified Simon–Hoh instability, and the results suggest that the spokes can be driven by a strong diamagnetic drift. Different parameters, including magnetic field amplitude and physical domain size, influence the growth of the rotational instability as well as the dominantmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ac6a73

Full Text Available
Theory of gradient drift instabilities in low-temperature, partially magnetised plasmas

Journal Article Hara, Kentaro ; Mansour, Adnan R. ; Tsikata, Sedina - Journal of Plasma Physics

A fluid dispersion theory in partially magnetised plasmas is analysed to examine the conditions under which large-wavelength modes develop in Penning-type configurations, that is, where an electric field is imposed perpendicular to a homogeneous magnetic field. The fluid dispersion relation assuming a slab geometry shows that two types of low-frequency, gradient drift instabilities occur in the direction of the E×B and diamagnetic drifts. One type of instability, observed when the equilibrium electric field and plasma density gradient are in the same direction, is similar to the classic modified Simon–Hoh instability. A second instability is found for conditions in which (i)more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1017/s002237782200068x

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Boundary-induced effect on the spoke-like activity in E × B plasma

Abstract

Citation Formats

Tutorial: Physics and modeling of Hall thrusters journal, January 2017

Long wavelength gradient drift instability in Hall plasma devices. I. Fluid theory journal, July 2012

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results? journal, June 2011

Recent progress and perspectives of space electric propulsion systems based on smart nanomaterials journal, February 2018

Excitation of the modified Simon–Hoh instability in an electron beam produced plasma journal, June 1993

Scaling of spoke rotation frequency within a Penning discharge journal, July 2018

Instability of Penning-Type Discharges journal, January 1963

Understanding Langmuir probe current-voltage characteristics journal, December 2007

Rotating Instability in Low-Temperature Magnetized Plasmas journal, October 2013

Space potential measurements with a continuously emitting probe journal, August 1990

Investigation of physical processes in CAMILA Hall thruster using electrical probes journal, April 2012

Space charge saturated sheath regime and electron temperature saturation in Hall thrusters journal, July 2005

Variable operation of Hall thruster with multiple segmented electrodes journal, February 2001

Rayleigh instability in Hall thrusters journal, April 2004

The conceptual development of stationary plasma thrusters journal, March 2003

Instability of a Partially Ionized Plasma in Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields journal, January 1963

Direct observation of spoke evolution in magnetron sputtering journal, August 2017

A floating potential method for measuring ion density journal, April 2002

Turbulent Diffusion in a Penning-Type Discharge journal, January 1966

Floating potential of emitting surfaces in plasmas with respect to the space potential journal, March 2018

Segmented Electrode Hall Thruster journal, November 2006

Fluid theory and simulations of instabilities, turbulent transport and coherent structures in partially-magnetized plasmas of $\mathbf{E}\times \mathbf{B}$ discharges journal, November 2016

The Mechanism of Electrical Discharges in Gases of Low Pressure journal, April 1940

Rotation of a magnetized plasma journal, March 2011

Transition in electron transport in a cylindrical Hall thruster journal, August 2010

Cross-field electron transport induced by a rotating spoke in a cylindrical Hall thruster journal, January 2012

The use of segmented cathodes to determine the spoke current density distribution in high power impulse magnetron sputtering plasmas journal, April 2015

Performance Analysis of a Low-Power Magnetically Shielded Hall Thruster: Computational Modeling journal, July 2017

Magnetron Oscillations journal, September 1934

Anomalous Electron Diffusion and Ion Acceleration in a Low-Density Plasma journal, January 1966

Magnetron sputtering journal, March 1988

Fast sweeping probe system for characterization of spokes in E × B discharges journal, December 2018

Modification of the Simon-Hoh Instability by the sheath effects in partially magnetized E × B plasmas journal, August 2018

High power impulse magnetron sputtering discharges: Instabilities and plasma self-organization journal, March 2012

Physics of closed drift thrusters journal, January 1999

Design, construction, and properties of the large plasma research device−The LAPD at UCLA journal, December 1991

Transparent ZnO thin-film transistor fabricated by rf magnetron sputtering journal, February 2003

Self-organization in planar magnetron microdischarge plasmas journal, June 2015

Long wavelength gradient drift instability in Hall plasma devices. II. Applications journal, May 2013

Rotating structures in low temperature magnetized plasmasâ€”insight from particle simulations journal, December 2014

Experimental Insights Into High-Frequency Instabilities and Related Anomalous Electron Transport in Hall Thrusters journal, October 2008

Sheath-Induced Instabilities in Plasmas with E 0 × B 0 Drift journal, September 2013

Ultrahigh Speed Images of Hall Thruster Azimuthal Instabilities journal, October 2014

Effect of non-uniform electric fields on drift instabilities journal, July 1970

Particle-in-cell simulations of anomalous transport in a Penning discharge journal, June 2018

Ambipolar Diffusion in a Magnetic Field journal, April 1955

Magnetron sputtering: a review of recent developments and applications journal, March 2000

Recommended Practice for Use of Emissive Probes in Electric Propulsion Testing journal, May 2017

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results? journal, May 2011

Rayleigh Instability in Hall Thrusters conference, June 2012

Ambipolar Diffusion in a Magnetic Field journal, January 1965

Magnetron sputtering journal, December 2020

Particle-in-cell simulations of anomalous transport in a Penning discharge text, January 2017

Floating potential of emitting surfaces in plasmas with respect to the space potential text, January 2018

Scaling of Spoke Rotation Frequency within a Penning Discharge text, January 2018

Total Cross Sections for Ionization and Attachment in Gases by Electron Impact. I. Positive Ionization journal, September 1965

Space charge saturated sheath regime and electron temperature saturation in Hall thrusters journal, July 2005

Long wavelength gradient drift instability in Hall plasma devices. I. Fluid theory journal, July 2012

Floating potential of emitting surfaces in plasmas with respect to the space potential journal, March 2018

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results? journal, June 2011

Rotating Spoke Instabilities in Hall Thrusters journal, November 2011

The nonmodal kinetic theory for the electrostatic instabilities of a plasma with a sheared Hall current journal, November 2019

The nonmodal kinetic theory for the electrostatic instabilities of a plasma with a sheared Hall current text, January 2019

Physics of E × B discharges relevant to plasma propulsion and similar technologies journal, December 2020

Perspectives on Physics of ExB Discharges Relevant to Plasma Propulsion and Similar Technologies text, January 2020

Tutorial: Physics and modeling of Hall thrusters
journal, January 2017

Long wavelength gradient drift instability in Hall plasma devices. I. Fluid theory
journal, July 2012

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results?
journal, June 2011

Recent progress and perspectives of space electric propulsion systems based on smart nanomaterials
journal, February 2018

Excitation of the modified Simon–Hoh instability in an electron beam produced plasma
journal, June 1993

Scaling of spoke rotation frequency within a Penning discharge
journal, July 2018

Instability of Penning-Type Discharges
journal, January 1963

Understanding Langmuir probe current-voltage characteristics
journal, December 2007

Rotating Instability in Low-Temperature Magnetized Plasmas
journal, October 2013

Space potential measurements with a continuously emitting probe
journal, August 1990

Investigation of physical processes in CAMILA Hall thruster using electrical probes
journal, April 2012

Space charge saturated sheath regime and electron temperature saturation in Hall thrusters
journal, July 2005

Variable operation of Hall thruster with multiple segmented electrodes
journal, February 2001

Rayleigh instability in Hall thrusters
journal, April 2004

The conceptual development of stationary plasma thrusters
journal, March 2003

Instability of a Partially Ionized Plasma in Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields
journal, January 1963

Direct observation of spoke evolution in magnetron sputtering
journal, August 2017

A floating potential method for measuring ion density
journal, April 2002

Turbulent Diffusion in a Penning-Type Discharge
journal, January 1966

Floating potential of emitting surfaces in plasmas with respect to the space potential
journal, March 2018

Segmented Electrode Hall Thruster
journal, November 2006

Fluid theory and simulations of instabilities, turbulent transport and coherent structures in partially-magnetized plasmas of $\mathbf{E}\times \mathbf{B}$ discharges
journal, November 2016

The Mechanism of Electrical Discharges in Gases of Low Pressure
journal, April 1940

Rotation of a magnetized plasma
journal, March 2011

Transition in electron transport in a cylindrical Hall thruster
journal, August 2010

Cross-field electron transport induced by a rotating spoke in a cylindrical Hall thruster
journal, January 2012

The use of segmented cathodes to determine the spoke current density distribution in high power impulse magnetron sputtering plasmas
journal, April 2015

Performance Analysis of a Low-Power Magnetically Shielded Hall Thruster: Computational Modeling
journal, July 2017

Magnetron Oscillations
journal, September 1934

Anomalous Electron Diffusion and Ion Acceleration in a Low-Density Plasma
journal, January 1966

Magnetron sputtering
journal, March 1988

Fast sweeping probe system for characterization of spokes in E × B discharges
journal, December 2018

Modification of the Simon-Hoh Instability by the sheath effects in partially magnetized E × B plasmas
journal, August 2018

High power impulse magnetron sputtering discharges: Instabilities and plasma self-organization
journal, March 2012

Physics of closed drift thrusters
journal, January 1999

Design, construction, and properties of the large plasma research device−The LAPD at UCLA
journal, December 1991

Transparent ZnO thin-film transistor fabricated by rf magnetron sputtering
journal, February 2003

Self-organization in planar magnetron microdischarge plasmas
journal, June 2015

Long wavelength gradient drift instability in Hall plasma devices. II. Applications
journal, May 2013

Rotating structures in low temperature magnetized plasmasâ€”insight from particle simulations
journal, December 2014

Experimental Insights Into High-Frequency Instabilities and Related Anomalous Electron Transport in Hall Thrusters
journal, October 2008

Sheath-Induced Instabilities in Plasmas with $E_{0} \times B_{0}$ Drift
journal, September 2013

Ultrahigh Speed Images of Hall Thruster Azimuthal Instabilities
journal, October 2014

Effect of non-uniform electric fields on drift instabilities
journal, July 1970

Particle-in-cell simulations of anomalous transport in a Penning discharge
journal, June 2018

Ambipolar Diffusion in a Magnetic Field
journal, April 1955

Magnetron sputtering: a review of recent developments and applications
journal, March 2000

Recommended Practice for Use of Emissive Probes in Electric Propulsion Testing
journal, May 2017

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results?
journal, May 2011

Rayleigh Instability in Hall Thrusters
conference, June 2012

Ambipolar Diffusion in a Magnetic Field
journal, January 1965

Magnetron sputtering
journal, December 2020

Particle-in-cell simulations of anomalous transport in a Penning discharge
text, January 2017

Floating potential of emitting surfaces in plasmas with respect to the space potential
text, January 2018

Scaling of Spoke Rotation Frequency within a Penning Discharge
text, January 2018

Total Cross Sections for Ionization and Attachment in Gases by Electron Impact. I. Positive Ionization
journal, September 1965

Space charge saturated sheath regime and electron temperature saturation in Hall thrusters
journal, July 2005

Long wavelength gradient drift instability in Hall plasma devices. I. Fluid theory
journal, July 2012

Floating potential of emitting surfaces in plasmas with respect to the space potential
journal, March 2018

Probe measurements of electron-energy distributions in plasmas: what can we measure and how can we achieve reliable results?
journal, June 2011

Rotating Spoke Instabilities in Hall Thrusters
journal, November 2011

The nonmodal kinetic theory for the electrostatic instabilities of a plasma with a sheared Hall current
journal, November 2019

The nonmodal kinetic theory for the electrostatic instabilities of a plasma with a sheared Hall current
text, January 2019

Physics of E × B discharges relevant to plasma propulsion and similar technologies
journal, December 2020

Perspectives on Physics of ExB Discharges Relevant to Plasma Propulsion and Similar Technologies
text, January 2020