Search Menu
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Search Scholarly Publications

Title: Experimental observations of seed growth and accompanying pedestal contamination in a self-seeded, soft x-ray free-electron laser

Abstract

Measurements of the soft x-ray, self-seeding spectrum at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) free-electron laser generally display a pedestal-like distribution around the central seeded wavelength. This pedestal limits the spectral purity and can negatively affect some user applications not employing a post-undulator monochromator. In this paper, we investigate the detailed experimental characteristics of both the amplified seed and its accompanying pedestal using data from a number of separate LCLS shifts over the 2015-2018 time period. We find that the amplified seed shows excellent wavelength stability and an exponential growth rate whose dependence upon energy detuning is consistent with theory. The pedestal’s spectral distribution and integrated strength vary strongly shot by shot, independent of electron beam energy jitter. Its shot-averaged strength relative to that of the seed grows at least linearly with z and can approach values of 15% or more. The pedestal is comprised of two separate components: (1) normal self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) whose total strength is nominally insensitive to energy detuning and laser heater (LH) strength; (2) sideband-like emission whose strength positively correlates with that of the amplified seed and negatively with energy detuning and LH strength. We believe this latter, non-SASE component arises from comparatively longmore » wavelength (i.e., λ~0.3–3 μm) amplitude and phase modulations of the main seeded radiation line. Its shot to shot variability and LH sensitivity suggests an origin connected to growth of the longitudinal microbunching instability on the electron beam.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1558730
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1562493
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams Journal Volume: 22 Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9888
Publisher:
American Physical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION

Citation Formats

Marcus, Gabriel, Fawley, William M., Bohler, Dorian, Ding, Yuantao, Feng, Yiping, Hemsing, Erik, Huang, Zhirong, Krzywinski, Jacek, Lutman, Alberto, and Ratner, Daniel. Experimental observations of seed growth and accompanying pedestal contamination in a self-seeded, soft x-ray free-electron laser. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.22.080702.
Copy to clipboard
Marcus, Gabriel, Fawley, William M., Bohler, Dorian, Ding, Yuantao, Feng, Yiping, Hemsing, Erik, Huang, Zhirong, Krzywinski, Jacek, Lutman, Alberto, & Ratner, Daniel. Experimental observations of seed growth and accompanying pedestal contamination in a self-seeded, soft x-ray free-electron laser. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.22.080702
Copy to clipboard
Marcus, Gabriel, Fawley, William M., Bohler, Dorian, Ding, Yuantao, Feng, Yiping, Hemsing, Erik, Huang, Zhirong, Krzywinski, Jacek, Lutman, Alberto, and Ratner, Daniel. Fri . "Experimental observations of seed growth and accompanying pedestal contamination in a self-seeded, soft x-ray free-electron laser". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.22.080702.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1558730,
title = {Experimental observations of seed growth and accompanying pedestal contamination in a self-seeded, soft x-ray free-electron laser},
author = {Marcus, Gabriel and Fawley, William M. and Bohler, Dorian and Ding, Yuantao and Feng, Yiping and Hemsing, Erik and Huang, Zhirong and Krzywinski, Jacek and Lutman, Alberto and Ratner, Daniel},
abstractNote = {Measurements of the soft x-ray, self-seeding spectrum at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) free-electron laser generally display a pedestal-like distribution around the central seeded wavelength. This pedestal limits the spectral purity and can negatively affect some user applications not employing a post-undulator monochromator. In this paper, we investigate the detailed experimental characteristics of both the amplified seed and its accompanying pedestal using data from a number of separate LCLS shifts over the 2015-2018 time period. We find that the amplified seed shows excellent wavelength stability and an exponential growth rate whose dependence upon energy detuning is consistent with theory. The pedestal’s spectral distribution and integrated strength vary strongly shot by shot, independent of electron beam energy jitter. Its shot-averaged strength relative to that of the seed grows at least linearly with z and can approach values of 15% or more. The pedestal is comprised of two separate components: (1) normal self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) whose total strength is nominally insensitive to energy detuning and laser heater (LH) strength; (2) sideband-like emission whose strength positively correlates with that of the amplified seed and negatively with energy detuning and LH strength. We believe this latter, non-SASE component arises from comparatively long wavelength (i.e., λ~0.3–3 μm) amplitude and phase modulations of the main seeded radiation line. Its shot to shot variability and LH sensitivity suggests an origin connected to growth of the longitudinal microbunching instability on the electron beam.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.22.080702},
journal = {Physical Review Accelerators and Beams},
number = 8,
volume = 22,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {8}
}
Copy to clipboard
Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.22.080702
Copyright Statement
Other availability
Search WorldCat Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 15 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1 FIG. 1: Schematic of SXR self-seeding layout at LCLS (not to scale) adapted from Ref. [9]. The SXR self-seeding chicane and monochromator are at undulator segment position U9 while the hard x-ray self-seeding chicane and crystal-based monochromator (neither used in this experiment) are located at position U16.
All figures and tables (20 total)
Save / Share:
Export Metadata
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.

Works referenced in this record:

Hard X-ray free-electron laser with femtosecond-scale timing jitter
journal, October 2017

Linac Coherent Light Source soft x-ray materials science instrument optical design and monochromator commissioning
journal, September 2011

  • Heimann, Philip; Krupin, Oleg; Schlotter, William F.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 82, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3633947

Beam shaping to improve the free-electron laser performance at the Linac Coherent Light Source
journal, October 2016

Comparative study of nonideal beam effects in high gain harmonic generation and self-seeded free electron lasers
journal, July 2010

  • Marinelli, Agostino; Pellegrini, Claudio; Giannessi, Luca
  • Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 13, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.13.070701

Operation of a free-electron laser from the extreme ultraviolet to the water window
journal, June 2007

A novel self-seeding scheme for hard X-ray FELs
journal, September 2011

Impact of an initial energy chirp and an initial energy curvature on a seeded free electron laser: free electron laser properties
journal, February 2009

  • Lutman, Alberto A.; Penco, Giuseppe; Craievich, Paolo
  • Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, Vol. 42, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1088/1751-8113/42/8/085405

A compact X-ray free-electron laser emitting in the sub-ångström region
journal, June 2012

Possible application of X-ray optical elements for reducing the spectral bandwidth of an X-ray SASE FEL
journal, August 1997

Multicolor High-Gain Free-Electron Laser Driven by Seeded Microbunching Instability
journal, November 2015

First lasing and operation of an ångstrom-wavelength free-electron laser
journal, August 2010

Analysis of statistical correlations and intensity spiking in the self-amplified spontaneous-emission free-electron laser
journal, May 2003

Microbunching-instability-induced sidebands in a seeded free-electron laser
journal, May 2016

Eliminating the microbunching-instability-induced sideband in a soft x-ray self-seeding free-electron laser
journal, February 2018

  • Zhang, Kaiqing; Zeng, Li; Qi, Zheng
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 882
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2017.10.060

Influence of an imperfect energy profile on a seeded free electron laser performance
journal, June 2010

  • Jia, Botao; Wu, Ying K.; Bisognano, Joseph J.
  • Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 13, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.13.060701

Time-resolved imaging of the microbunching instability and energy spread at the Linac Coherent Light Source
journal, March 2015

Suppression of microbunching instability in the linac coherent light source
journal, July 2004

  • Huang, Z.; Borland, M.; Emma, P.
  • Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 7, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.074401

Soft x-ray self-seeding simulation methods and their application for the Linac Coherent Light Source
journal, March 2015

  • Serkez, Svitozar; Krzywinski, Jacek; Ding, Yuantao
  • Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 18, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.18.030708

Demonstration of self-seeding in a hard-X-ray free-electron laser
journal, August 2012

Few-femtosecond time-resolved measurements of X-ray free-electron lasers
journal, April 2014

  • Behrens, C.; Decker, F. -J.; Ding, Y.
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4762

Klystron instability of a relativistic electron beam in a bunch compressor
journal, September 2002

  • Saldin, E. L.; Schneidmiller, E. A.; Yurkov, M. V.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 490, Issue 1-2
  • DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00905-1

Experimental Demonstration of a Soft X-Ray Self-Seeded Free-Electron Laser
journal, February 2015

Start-to-end simulation of the shot-noise driven microbunching instability experiment at the Linac Coherent Light Source
journal, May 2017

    Sort by:
    [ × clear filter / sort ]

    Works referencing / citing this record:

    What are the advantages of ghost imaging? Multiplexing for x-ray and electron imaging
    journal, January 2020

    • Lane, Thomas J.; Ratner, Daniel
    • Optics Express, Vol. 28, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.1364/oe.379503
      Sort by:
      [ × clear filter / sort ]

      Figures / Tables found in this record:

      FIG. 1 (p. 2)figure
      FIG. 2 (p. 2)figure
      FIG. 3 (p. 3)figure
      FIG. 4 (p. 3)figure
      FIG. 5 (p. 4)figure
      FIG. 6 (p. 4)figure
      TABLE I (p. 4)table
      FIG. 7 (p. 5)figure
      FIG. 8 (p. 5)figure
      FIG. 10 (p. 6)figure
      FIG. 9 (p. 6)figure
      FIG. 11 (p. 7)figure
      FIG. 12 (p. 8)figure
      FIG. 13 (p. 9)figure
      FIG. 14 (p. 10)figure
      FIG. 15 (p. 11)figure
      FIG. 16 (p. 13)figure
      TABLE II (p. 13)table
      FIG. 17 (p. 14)figure
      FIG. 18 (p. 14)figure
        [ × clear filter / sort ]
        Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

        Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections: