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Title: Improved retrievals of carbon dioxide from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 with the version 8 ACOS algorithm

Abstract

Since September 2014, NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite has been taking measurements of reflected solar spectra and using them to infer atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. This work provides details of the OCO-2 retrieval algorithm, versions 7 and 8, used to derive the column-averaged dry air mole fraction of atmospheric CO2( X CO 2 ) for the roughly 100000 cloud-free measurements recorded by OCO-2 each day. The algorithm is based on the Atmospheric Carbon Observations from Space (ACOS) algorithm which has been applied to observations from the Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) since 2009, with modifications necessary for OCO-2. Because high accuracy,better than 0.25%, is required in order to accurately infer carbon sources and sinks from X CO 2 , significant errors and regional-scale biases in the measurements must be minimized. We discuss efforts to filter out poor-quality measurements, and correct the remaining good-quality measurements to minimize regional-scale biases. Updates to the radiance calibration and retrieval forward model in version 8 have improved many aspects of the retrieved data products. The version 8 data appear to have reduced regional-scale biases overall, and demonstrate a clear improvement over the version 7 data. In particular, error variance with respect to TCCON was reduced by 20% over land and 40% over ocean between versions 7 and 8, and nadir and glint observations over land are now more consistent. While this paper documents the significant improvements in the ACOS algorithm, it will continue to evolve and improve as the CO2 data record continues to expand.

Authors:
 [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [2];  [4];  [2];  [1];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [5];  [2];  [2];  [2] more »; ORCiD logo [2];  [2];  [1]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7];  [8];  [9]; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [10];  [11]; ORCiD logo [12];  [13]; ORCiD logo [14]; ORCiD logo [15]; ORCiD logo [16];  [17];  [16];  [17]; ORCiD logo [2];  [18]; ORCiD logo [5];  [13];  [19];  [16]; ORCiD logo [12] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States)
  2. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  3. Finnish Meteorological Inst., Helsinki (Finland)
  4. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
  5. Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada)
  6. NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
  7. CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
  8. Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)
  9. Univ. of Edinburgh, Scotland (United Kingdom)
  10. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  11. Meteorological State Agency of Spain (AEMet), Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain)
  12. Univ. of Wollongong, NSW (Australia)
  13. Karlsruhe Inst. of Technology (Germany)
  14. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA (United States)
  15. Finnish Meteorological Institute, Sodankylä (Finland)
  16. National Inst. for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba (Japan)
  17. Univ. of Bremen (Germany)
  18. Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels (Belgium)
  19. Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Paris (France)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC). Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)
OSTI Identifier:
1557767
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-19-22771
Journal ID: ISSN 1867-8548
Grant/Contract Number:  
89233218CNA000001
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (Online); Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1867-8548
Publisher:
European Geosciences Union
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 58 GEOSCIENCES; Earth Sciences; Energy Sciences; Satellite; OCO-2; TCCON; CO2 validation; Carbon Cycle; Climate; Remote Sensing; Amazon

Citation Formats

O'Dell, Christopher W., Eldering, Annmarie, Wennberg, Paul O., Crisp, David, Gunson, Michael R., Fisher, Brendan, Frankenberg, Christian, Kiel, Matthäus, Lindqvist, Hannakaisa, Mandrake, Lukas, Merrelli, Aronne, Natraj, Vijay, Nelson, Robert R., Osterman, Gregory B., Payne, Vivienne H., Taylor, Thomas E., Wunch, Debra, Drouin, Brian J., Oyafuso, Fabiano, Chang, Albert, McDuffie, James, Smyth, Michael, Baker, David F., Basu, Sourish, Chevallier, Frédéric, Crowell, Sean M. R., Feng, Liang, Palmer, Paul I., Dubey, Mavendra Krishna, García, Omaira E., Griffith, David W. T., Hase, Frank, Iraci, Laura T., Kivi, Rigel, Morino, Isamu, Notholt, Justus, Ohyama, Hirofumi, Petri, Christof, Roehl, Coleen M., Sha, Mahesh K., Strong, Kimberly, Sussmann, Ralf, Te, Yao, Uchino, Osamu, and Velazco, Voltaire A. Improved retrievals of carbon dioxide from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 with the version 8 ACOS algorithm. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.5194/amt-11-6539-2018.
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O'Dell, Christopher W., Eldering, Annmarie, Wennberg, Paul O., Crisp, David, Gunson, Michael R., Fisher, Brendan, Frankenberg, Christian, Kiel, Matthäus, Lindqvist, Hannakaisa, Mandrake, Lukas, Merrelli, Aronne, Natraj, Vijay, Nelson, Robert R., Osterman, Gregory B., Payne, Vivienne H., Taylor, Thomas E., Wunch, Debra, Drouin, Brian J., Oyafuso, Fabiano, Chang, Albert, McDuffie, James, Smyth, Michael, Baker, David F., Basu, Sourish, Chevallier, Frédéric, Crowell, Sean M. R., Feng, Liang, Palmer, Paul I., Dubey, Mavendra Krishna, García, Omaira E., Griffith, David W. T., Hase, Frank, Iraci, Laura T., Kivi, Rigel, Morino, Isamu, Notholt, Justus, Ohyama, Hirofumi, Petri, Christof, Roehl, Coleen M., Sha, Mahesh K., Strong, Kimberly, Sussmann, Ralf, Te, Yao, Uchino, Osamu, & Velazco, Voltaire A. Improved retrievals of carbon dioxide from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 with the version 8 ACOS algorithm. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-6539-2018
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O'Dell, Christopher W., Eldering, Annmarie, Wennberg, Paul O., Crisp, David, Gunson, Michael R., Fisher, Brendan, Frankenberg, Christian, Kiel, Matthäus, Lindqvist, Hannakaisa, Mandrake, Lukas, Merrelli, Aronne, Natraj, Vijay, Nelson, Robert R., Osterman, Gregory B., Payne, Vivienne H., Taylor, Thomas E., Wunch, Debra, Drouin, Brian J., Oyafuso, Fabiano, Chang, Albert, McDuffie, James, Smyth, Michael, Baker, David F., Basu, Sourish, Chevallier, Frédéric, Crowell, Sean M. R., Feng, Liang, Palmer, Paul I., Dubey, Mavendra Krishna, García, Omaira E., Griffith, David W. T., Hase, Frank, Iraci, Laura T., Kivi, Rigel, Morino, Isamu, Notholt, Justus, Ohyama, Hirofumi, Petri, Christof, Roehl, Coleen M., Sha, Mahesh K., Strong, Kimberly, Sussmann, Ralf, Te, Yao, Uchino, Osamu, and Velazco, Voltaire A. Tue . "Improved retrievals of carbon dioxide from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 with the version 8 ACOS algorithm". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-6539-2018. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1557767.
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@article{osti_1557767,
title = {Improved retrievals of carbon dioxide from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 with the version 8 ACOS algorithm},
author = {O'Dell, Christopher W. and Eldering, Annmarie and Wennberg, Paul O. and Crisp, David and Gunson, Michael R. and Fisher, Brendan and Frankenberg, Christian and Kiel, Matthäus and Lindqvist, Hannakaisa and Mandrake, Lukas and Merrelli, Aronne and Natraj, Vijay and Nelson, Robert R. and Osterman, Gregory B. and Payne, Vivienne H. and Taylor, Thomas E. and Wunch, Debra and Drouin, Brian J. and Oyafuso, Fabiano and Chang, Albert and McDuffie, James and Smyth, Michael and Baker, David F. and Basu, Sourish and Chevallier, Frédéric and Crowell, Sean M. R. and Feng, Liang and Palmer, Paul I. and Dubey, Mavendra Krishna and García, Omaira E. and Griffith, David W. T. and Hase, Frank and Iraci, Laura T. and Kivi, Rigel and Morino, Isamu and Notholt, Justus and Ohyama, Hirofumi and Petri, Christof and Roehl, Coleen M. and Sha, Mahesh K. and Strong, Kimberly and Sussmann, Ralf and Te, Yao and Uchino, Osamu and Velazco, Voltaire A.},
abstractNote = {Since September 2014, NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite has been taking measurements of reflected solar spectra and using them to infer atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. This work provides details of the OCO-2 retrieval algorithm, versions 7 and 8, used to derive the column-averaged dry air mole fraction of atmospheric CO2(XCO2) for the roughly 100000 cloud-free measurements recorded by OCO-2 each day. The algorithm is based on the Atmospheric Carbon Observations from Space (ACOS) algorithm which has been applied to observations from the Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) since 2009, with modifications necessary for OCO-2. Because high accuracy,better than 0.25%, is required in order to accurately infer carbon sources and sinks from XCO2, significant errors and regional-scale biases in the measurements must be minimized. We discuss efforts to filter out poor-quality measurements, and correct the remaining good-quality measurements to minimize regional-scale biases. Updates to the radiance calibration and retrieval forward model in version 8 have improved many aspects of the retrieved data products. The version 8 data appear to have reduced regional-scale biases overall, and demonstrate a clear improvement over the version 7 data. In particular, error variance with respect to TCCON was reduced by 20% over land and 40% over ocean between versions 7 and 8, and nadir and glint observations over land are now more consistent. While this paper documents the significant improvements in the ACOS algorithm, it will continue to evolve and improve as the CO2 data record continues to expand.},
doi = {10.5194/amt-11-6539-2018},
journal = {Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (Online)},
number = 12,
volume = 11,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Dec 11 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Tue Dec 11 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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  • Science Computing Facility, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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  • DOI: 10.5067/xr7zwyskp7d0
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