DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Quantum spin Hall effect in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides

Abstract

Quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect materials feature edge states that are topologically protected from backscattering. However, the small band gap in materials that have been identified as QSH insulators limits applications. We use first-principles calculations to predict a class of large-gap QSH insulators in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides with 1T' structure, namely, 1T'-MX2 with M = (tungsten or molybdenum) and X = (tellurium, selenium, or sulfur). A structural distortion causes an intrinsic band inversion between chalcogenide-p and metal-d bands. Additionally, spin-orbit coupling opens a gap that is tunable by vertical electric field and strain. We propose a topological field effect transistor made of van der Waals heterostructures of 1T'-MX2 and two-dimensional dielectric layers that can be rapidly switched off by electric field through a topological phase transition instead of carrier depletion.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1557594
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0010526
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Science
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 346; Journal Issue: 6215; Journal ID: ISSN 0036-8075
Publisher:
AAAS
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats

Qian, Xiaofeng, Liu, Junwei, Fu, Liang, and Li, Ju. Quantum spin Hall effect in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1126/science.1256815.
Qian, Xiaofeng, Liu, Junwei, Fu, Liang, & Li, Ju. Quantum spin Hall effect in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1256815
Qian, Xiaofeng, Liu, Junwei, Fu, Liang, and Li, Ju. Fri . "Quantum spin Hall effect in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides". United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1256815. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1557594.
@article{osti_1557594,
title = {Quantum spin Hall effect in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides},
author = {Qian, Xiaofeng and Liu, Junwei and Fu, Liang and Li, Ju},
abstractNote = {Quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect materials feature edge states that are topologically protected from backscattering. However, the small band gap in materials that have been identified as QSH insulators limits applications. We use first-principles calculations to predict a class of large-gap QSH insulators in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides with 1T' structure, namely, 1T'-MX2 with M = (tungsten or molybdenum) and X = (tellurium, selenium, or sulfur). A structural distortion causes an intrinsic band inversion between chalcogenide-p and metal-d bands. Additionally, spin-orbit coupling opens a gap that is tunable by vertical electric field and strain. We propose a topological field effect transistor made of van der Waals heterostructures of 1T'-MX2 and two-dimensional dielectric layers that can be rapidly switched off by electric field through a topological phase transition instead of carrier depletion.},
doi = {10.1126/science.1256815},
journal = {Science},
number = 6215,
volume = 346,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Fri Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 1397 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

Projector augmented-wave method
journal, December 1994


Strain-engineered artificial atom as a broad-spectrum solar energy funnel
journal, November 2012


Exfoliated and Restacked MoS 2 and WS 2 :  Ionic or Neutral Species? Encapsulation and Ordering of Hard Electropositive Cations
journal, December 1999

  • Heising, Joy; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 121, Issue 50
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja991644d

An Information Theory-Inspired Strategy for Design of Re-programmable Encrypted Graphene-based Coding Metasurfaces at Terahertz Frequencies
journal, April 2018


Atomically Thin MoS2 A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor
journal, September 2010


Opportunities in chemistry and materials science for topological insulators and their nanostructures
journal, October 2011


The electronic properties of graphene
journal, January 2009

  • Castro Neto, A. H.; Guinea, F.; Peres, N. M. R.
  • Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 81, Issue 1, p. 109-162
  • DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.81.109

Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics
journal, August 2010

  • Dean, C. R.; Young, A. F.; Meric, I.
  • Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 5, Issue 10, p. 722-726
  • DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2010.172

Interface engineering of quantum Hall effects in digital transition metal oxide heterostructures
journal, September 2011

  • Xiao, Di; Zhu, Wenguang; Ran, Ying
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 2, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1602

Beyond the local-density approximation in calculations of ground-state electronic properties
journal, August 1983


Topological insulators with inversion symmetry
journal, July 2007


Z2 Topological Order and the Quantum Spin Hall Effect
journal, September 2005


Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
journal, October 2004


Quantum Spin Hall Effect in Graphene
journal, November 2005


Quantum Spin Hall Effect in Inverted Type-II Semiconductors
journal, June 2008


Superconducting Proximity Effect and Majorana Fermions at the Surface of a Topological Insulator
journal, March 2008


Proposal for the detection and braiding of Majorana fermions in a quantum spin Hall insulator
journal, June 2013


Highly convergent schemes for the calculation of bulk and surface Green functions
journal, April 1985

  • Sancho, M. P. Lopez; Sancho, J. M. Lopez; Sancho, J. M. L.
  • Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1088/0305-4608/15/4/009

A search model for topological insulators with high-throughput robustness descriptors
journal, May 2012

  • Yang, Kesong; Setyawan, Wahyu; Wang, Shidong
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmat3332

Quantum Spin Hall Insulator State in HgTe Quantum Wells
journal, November 2007


Maximally localized generalized Wannier functions for composite energy bands
journal, November 1997


High-resolution X-ray luminescence extension imaging
journal, February 2021


Spin-transfer torque generated by a topological insulator
journal, July 2014

  • Mellnik, A. R.; Lee, J. S.; Richardella, A.
  • Nature, Vol. 511, Issue 7510
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature13534

Spin polarization of the quantum spin Hall edge states
journal, May 2012

  • Brüne, Christoph; Roth, Andreas; Buhmann, Hartmut
  • Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1038/nphys2322

Inhomogeneous Electron Gas
journal, November 1964


Two-dimensional atomic crystals
journal, July 2005

  • Novoselov, K. S.; Jiang, D.; Schedin, F.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 102, Issue 30, p. 10451-10453
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0502848102

Spintronics and pseudospintronics in graphene and topological insulators
journal, April 2012

  • Pesin, Dmytro; MacDonald, Allan H.
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmat3305

Coherent Atomic and Electronic Heterostructures of Single-Layer MoS2
journal, July 2012

  • Eda, Goki; Fujita, Takeshi; Yamaguchi, Hisato
  • ACS Nano, Vol. 6, Issue 8, p. 7311-7317
  • DOI: 10.1021/nn302422x

Quantum Spin Hall Effect
journal, March 2006


Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996

  • Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias
  • Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865

Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene
journal, July 2008


Efficiency of ab-initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set
journal, July 1996


Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set
journal, October 1996


Spin-Orbit Coupling Induced Spin-Transfer Torque and Current Polarization in Topological-Insulator/Ferromagnet Vertical Heterostructures
journal, October 2012


Large-Gap Quantum Spin Hall Insulators in Tin Films
journal, September 2013


Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes
journal, January 2009


Josephson current and noise at a superconductor/quantum-spin-Hall-insulator/superconductor junction
journal, April 2009


Spin Hall Effect Transistor
journal, December 2010


Topological insulators and superconductors
journal, October 2011


Density-functional exchange-energy approximation with correct asymptotic behavior
journal, September 1988


Quantum Spin Hall Effect and Topological Phase Transition in HgTe Quantum Wells
journal, December 2006

  • Bernevig, B. A.; Hughes, T. L.; Zhang, S.-C.
  • Science, Vol. 314, Issue 5806, p. 1757-1761
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.1133734

New directions in the pursuit of Majorana fermions in solid state systems
journal, June 2012


Electron correlation in semiconductors and insulators: Band gaps and quasiparticle energies
journal, October 1986


Quasiatomic orbitals for ab initio tight-binding analysis
journal, December 2008


Quantum Spin Hall Effect in Three Dimensional Materials: Lattice Computation of Z 2 Topological Invariants and Its Application to Bi and Sb
journal, May 2007

  • Fukui, Takahiro; Hatsugai, Yasuhiro
  • Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 76, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1143/JPSJ.76.053702

Electrical detection of charge-current-induced spin polarization due to spin-momentum locking in Bi2Se3
journal, February 2014

  • Li, C. H.; van ‘t Erve, O. M. J.; Robinson, J. T.
  • Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2014.16

Quantum Spin Hall Effect in Silicene and Two-Dimensional Germanium
journal, August 2011


Quantum Spin Hall Effect in Two-Dimensional Crystals of Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides
journal, August 2014


Van der Waals heterostructures
journal, July 2013

  • Geim, A. K.; Grigorieva, I. V.
  • Nature, Vol. 499, Issue 7459, p. 419-425
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature12385

Special points for Brillouin-zone integrations
journal, June 1976

  • Monkhorst, Hendrik J.; Pack, James D.
  • Physical Review B, Vol. 13, Issue 12, p. 5188-5192
  • DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.13.5188

Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, November 2012

  • Wang, Qing Hua; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kourosh; Kis, Andras
  • Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 11, p. 699-712
  • DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2012.193

Colloquium: Topological insulators
journal, November 2010


Devices with electrically tunable topological insulating phases
journal, February 2013

  • Michetti, Paolo; Trauzettel, Björn
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4792275

Helical Edge Resistance Introduced by Charge Puddles
journal, May 2013


Spin-filtered edge states with an electrically tunable gap in a two-dimensional topological crystalline insulator
journal, December 2013

  • Liu, Junwei; Hsieh, Timothy H.; Wei, Peng
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmat3828

Self-Consistent Equations Including Exchange and Correlation Effects
journal, November 1965


Devices with electrically tunable topological insulating phases
text, January 2013


Quantum Spin Hall Effect
text, January 2005


Quantum Spin Hall Effect and Topological Phase Transition in HgTe Quantum Wells
text, January 2006


Works referencing / citing this record:

Anomalous in-plane anisotropic Raman response of monoclinic semimetal 1 T´-MoTe 2
journal, May 2017


Structural, electronic and phononic properties of PtSe 2 : from monolayer to bulk
journal, June 2018

  • Kandemir, A.; Akbali, B.; Kahraman, Z.
  • Semiconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6641/aacba2

Strain engineering in semiconducting two-dimensional crystals
journal, July 2015

  • Roldán, Rafael; Castellanos-Gomez, Andrés; Cappelluti, Emmanuele
  • Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 27, Issue 31
  • DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/31/313201

A class of monolayer metal halogenides MX 2 : Electronic structures and band alignments
journal, March 2016

  • Lu, Feng; Wang, Weichao; Luo, Xiaoguang
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4945366

Electron-donor doping enhanced Li storage in electride Ca 2 N monolayer: a first-principles study
journal, July 2018

  • Wang, Hewen; Wu, Musheng; Tian, Zhengfang
  • Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 30, Issue 34
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aad446

Highly Polarized and Fast Photoresponse of Black Phosphorus-InSe Vertical p-n Heterojunctions
journal, June 2018

  • Zhao, Siwen; Wu, Junchi; Jin, Ke
  • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 34
  • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201802011

Alkali-metal-adsorbed g-GaN monolayer: ultralow work functions and optical properties
journal, July 2018


Magnetic proximity and nonreciprocal current switching in a monolayer WTe2 helical edge
journal, March 2020


A General Method for Growing Two-Dimensional Crystals of Organic Semiconductors by “Solution Epitaxy”
journal, May 2016


Salt-assisted chemical vapor deposition of two-dimensional materials
journal, August 2019


Signatures of the topological s +− superconducting order parameter in the type-II Weyl semimetal T d-MoTe2
journal, October 2017


Hinged quantum spin Hall effect in antiferromagnetic topological insulators
journal, January 2020


Topological nanomaterials
journal, June 2019


Peeling off Nanometer‐Thick Ferromagnetic Layers and Their van der Waals Heterostructures
journal, July 2019

  • Yuan, Kai; Yao, Xiaohan; Wang, Hailong
  • Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1002/aelm.201900345

Phase slips and parity jumps in quantum oscillations of inverted InAs/GaSb quantum wells
journal, May 2019


Strain and defect engineering on phase transition of monolayer black phosphorene
journal, January 2018

  • Chen, Yan; Shi, Xiaoyang; Li, Mingjia
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 34
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01334a

Introduction
book, December 2019


Waterproof molecular monolayers stabilize 2D materials
journal, October 2019

  • Su, Cong; Yin, Zongyou; Yan, Qing-Bo
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1909500116

Novel polymorphic phase of two-dimensional VSe 2 : the 1T′ structure and its lattice dynamics
journal, January 2019

  • Duvjir, Ganbat; Choi, Byoung Ki; Ly, Trinh Thi
  • Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 42
  • DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06076f

Nontrivial metallic state of MoS 2
journal, June 2018


Discovery of asymmetric NaXBi (X= Sn /Pb) monolayers with non-trivial topological properties
journal, January 2018

  • Jia, Yi-zhen; Ji, Wei-xiao; Zhang, Chang-wen
  • RSC Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 49
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05458d

Graphene analogue in (111)-oriented BaBiO3 bilayer heterostructures for topological electronics
journal, January 2018


A Review of the Characteristics, Synthesis, and Thermodynamics of Type-II Weyl Semimetal WTe2
journal, July 2018

  • Tian, Wenchao; Yu, Wenbo; Liu, Xiaohan
  • Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.3390/ma11071185

Structural and electronic phase transitions driven by electric field in metastable MoS 2 thin flakes
journal, July 2019


Discovery of Superconductivity in 2M WS 2 with Possible Topological Surface States
journal, June 2019


Thickness-dependent transition of the valence band shape from parabolic to Mexican-hat-like in the MBE grown InSe ultrathin films
journal, May 2018

  • Kibirev, I. A.; Matetskiy, A. V.; Zotov, A. V.
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5027023

Strong anisotropic thermal conductivity of monolayer WTe 2
journal, October 2016


Raman signatures of inversion symmetry breaking and structural phase transition in type-II Weyl semimetal MoTe2
journal, December 2016

  • Zhang, Kenan; Bao, Changhua; Gu, Qiangqiang
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13552

Tuning the electrical transport of type II Weyl semimetal WTe 2 nanodevices by Mo doping
journal, February 2018


Colloquium : Topological band theory
journal, June 2016


Solution synthesis of few-layer WTe 2 and Mo x W 1−x Te 2 nanostructures
journal, January 2017

  • Sun, Yifan; Fujisawa, Kazunori; Terrones, Mauricio
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 5, Issue 43
  • DOI: 10.1039/c7tc02860a

Growth of atomically thick transition metal sulfide filmson graphene/6H-SiC(0001) by molecular beam epitaxy
journal, April 2018


Topological phases in two-dimensional materials: a review
journal, May 2016


Two-dimensional layered materials: from mechanical and coupling properties towards applications in electronics
journal, January 2019


Effect of lithium doping on the optical properties of monolayer MoS 2
journal, March 2018

  • Saigal, Nihit; Wielert, Isabelle; Čapeta, Davor
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5021629

Holographic treatment of boundary disorder in a topological insulator
journal, August 2015


Three-dimensional superconductors with hybrid higher-order topology
journal, March 2019


Highly mobile carriers in a candidate of quasi-two-dimensional topological semimetal AuTe 2 Br
journal, October 2019

  • Wang, Zeji; Cheng, Shuyu; Chang, Tay-Rong
  • APL Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5121751

Large-area synthesis of high-quality monolayer 1T’-WTe 2 flakes
journal, February 2017


Tunable band offsets in the BP/P 4 O 10 van der Waals heterostructure: first-principles calculations
journal, January 2018

  • Dou, Wenzhen; Huang, Anping; Shi, Hongliang
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 47
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06687f

Single-Crystalline Nanobelts Composed of Transition Metal Ditellurides
journal, June 2018


Two-Dimensional Dirac Fermions Protected by Space-Time Inversion Symmetry in Black Phosphorus
journal, November 2017


Artificial gravity field, astrophysical analogues, and topological phase transitions in strained topological semimetals
journal, May 2017


Graphene and Other 2D Colloids: Liquid Crystals and Macroscopic Fibers
journal, February 2017


Polymorphic Spin, Charge, and Lattice Waves in Vanadium Ditelluride
journal, February 2020

  • Won, Dongyeun; Kiem, Do Hoon; Cho, Hwanbeom
  • Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906578

Electron quantum metamaterials in van der Waals heterostructures
journal, November 2018


A first-principles study of a real energetically stable MoN 2 nanosheet and its tunable electronic structure
journal, January 2018

  • Wang, Yanli; Ding, Yi
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1039/c7tc05717b

Unconventional scaling of the superfluid density with the critical temperature in transition metal dichalcogenides
text, January 2019

  • Von Rohr, F. O.; Orain, J-C; Khasanov, R.
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • DOI: 10.5167/uzh-178428

Ab initio study of adsorption and diffusion of lithium on transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
journal, January 2017


Efficient topological materials discovery using symmetry indicators
journal, February 2019


Recent Strategies for Improving the Catalytic Activity of 2D TMD Nanosheets Toward the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
journal, February 2016

  • Voiry, Damien; Yang, Jieun; Chhowalla, Manish
  • Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 29
  • DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505597

Metastable MoS 2 : Crystal Structure, Electronic Band Structure, Synthetic Approach and Intriguing Physical Properties
journal, August 2018

  • Zhao, Wei; Pan, Jie; Fang, Yuqiang
  • Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 24, Issue 60
  • DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801018

Black Phosphorus Nanosheets as a Robust Delivery Platform for Cancer Theranostics
journal, October 2016


Atomic electron tomography in three and four dimensions
journal, April 2020

  • Zhou, Jihan; Yang, Yongsoo; Ercius, Peter
  • MRS Bulletin, Vol. 45, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1557/mrs.2020.88

Mechanical properties of monolayer ternary transitional metal dichalogenides MoS 2 x Te 2(1 −  x ) : A molecular dynamics study
journal, December 2019

  • Ying, Penghua; Zhang, Jin; Zhong, Zheng
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 126, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5122264

Structure Re-determination and Superconductivity Observation of Bulk 1T MoS 2
journal, January 2018

  • Fang, Yuqiang; Pan, Jie; He, Jianqiao
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 57, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710512

Structural and quantum-state phase transitions in van der Waals layered materials
journal, July 2017

  • Yang, Heejun; Kim, Sung Wng; Chhowalla, Manish
  • Nature Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1038/nphys4188

Nonlinear excitonic spin Hall effect in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, October 2019


Dephasing effects in topological insulators
journal, June 2019


Robust large gap quantum spin Hall insulators in methyl and ethynyl functionalized TlSb buckled honeycombs
journal, July 2018

  • Lu, Qing; Ran, Ran; Cheng, Yan
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 124, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5033999

Visualizing electronic structures of quantum materials by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
journal, August 2018


Post-patterning of an electronic homojunction in atomically thin monoclinic MoTe 2
journal, February 2017


Observation of tunable band gap and anisotropic Dirac semimetal state in black phosphorus
journal, August 2015


Synthesis and chemistry of elemental 2D materials
journal, January 2017

  • Mannix, Andrew J.; Kiraly, Brian; Hersam, Mark C.
  • Nature Reviews Chemistry, Vol. 1, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41570-016-0014

Exploring Ag(111) Substrate for Epitaxially Growing Monolayer Stanene: A First-Principles Study
journal, July 2016

  • Gao, Junfeng; Zhang, Gang; Zhang, Yong-Wei
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep29107

Evidence of anisotropic Majorana bound states in 2M-WS2
journal, July 2019


Monolayer Nanosheets with an Extremely High Drug Loading toward Controlled Delivery and Cancer Theranostics
journal, March 2018


Engineering quantum spin Hall insulators by strained-layer heterostructures
journal, November 2016

  • Akiho, T.; Couëdo, F.; Irie, H.
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4967471

Fabrication of MoSe2 nanoribbons via an unusual morphological phase transition
journal, May 2017

  • Chen, Yuxuan; Cui, Ping; Ren, Xibiao
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15135

Pressure induced topological phase transition in layered Bi 2 S 3
journal, January 2017

  • Yang, Ming; Luo, Yong Zheng; Zeng, Ming Gang
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 43
  • DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04583b

Realizing robust large-gap quantum spin Hall state in 2D HgTe monolayer on insulating substrate
journal, July 2018


Quantum oscillations of thermopower in WTe 2 thin films
journal, December 2019


Field-effect transistors made from solution-grown two-dimensional tellurene
journal, April 2018


Face-centered cubic MoS 2 : a novel superconducting three-dimensional crystal more stable than layered T-MoS 2
journal, January 2018

  • Liu, Peng-Fei; Wang, Bao-Tian
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8tc01360h

The magnetism of 1T-MX 2 (M = Zr, Hf; X = S, Se) monolayers by hole doping
journal, January 2019

  • Xiang, Hui; Xu, Bo; Zhao, Weiqian
  • RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01218d

Tuning the transport behavior of centimeter-scale WTe 2 ultrathin films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition
journal, July 2017

  • Gao, Ming; Zhang, Minhao; Niu, Wei
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4995227

Self-Assembled Heterostructures: Selective Growth of Metallic Nanoparticles on V 2 -VI 3 Nanoplates
journal, August 2017


Quantum Spin Hall Materials
journal, July 2019


Universal current correlations induced by the Majorana and fermionic Andreev bound states
journal, July 2019


Doping of Two-Dimensional Semiconductors: A Rapid Review and Outlook
journal, January 2019


Directional massless Dirac fermions in a layered van der Waals material with one-dimensional long-range order
journal, October 2019


Bismuth oxide film: a promising room-temperature quantum spin Hall insulator
journal, February 2018

  • Wang, Ya-Ping; Li, Sheng-Shi; Ji, Wei-Xiao
  • Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 30, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaabaa

Topological states of condensed matter
journal, October 2017

  • Wang, Jing; Zhang, Shou-Cheng
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmat5012

Gate tuning from exciton superfluid to quantum anomalous Hall in van der Waals heterobilayer
journal, January 2019

  • Zhu, Qizhong; Tu, Matisse Wei-Yuan; Tong, Qingjun
  • Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau6120

Electrically tunable low-density superconductivity in a monolayer topological insulator
journal, October 2018


Plasmon properties and hybridization effects in silicene
journal, February 2017


Nonlinear magnetotransport shaped by Fermi surface topology and convexity
journal, March 2019


High Phase Purity of Large‐Sized 1T′‐MoS 2 Monolayers with 2D Superconductivity
journal, March 2019


Evidence for a narrow band gap phase in 1T′ WS 2 nanosheet
journal, July 2019

  • Pierucci, Debora; Zribi, Jihene; Livache, Clément
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5091997

Ferroelectric switching of a two-dimensional metal
journal, July 2018


Strain-engineered electronic and topological properties of bismuthene on SiC(0001) substrate
journal, October 2019


Quantum Spin Hall Insulators in Tin Films: Beyond Stanene
journal, December 2019


Single-site point defects in semimetal WTe 2 : A density functional theory study
journal, December 2018

  • Song, Hong-Yue; Lü, Jing-Tao
  • AIP Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5057723

Atomistic modeling of the metallic-to-semiconducting phase boundaries in monolayer MoS 2
journal, June 2016

  • Saha, Dipankar; Mahapatra, Santanu
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4954257

Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit
journal, June 2017

  • Huang, Bevin; Clark, Genevieve; Navarro-Moratalla, Efrén
  • Nature, Vol. 546, Issue 7657
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature22391

Towards properties on demand in quantum materials
journal, October 2017

  • Basov, D. N.; Averitt, R. D.; Hsieh, D.
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmat5017

2D transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, June 2017

  • Manzeli, Sajedeh; Ovchinnikov, Dmitry; Pasquier, Diego
  • Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1038/natrevmats.2017.33

Origin of extremely large magnetoresistance in the candidate type-II Weyl semimetal MoTe2−x
journal, September 2018


Quantitative mappings between symmetry and topology in solids
journal, August 2018


Quantization of spin Hall conductivity in two-dimensional topological insulators versus symmetry and spin-orbit interaction
journal, December 2019


Weyl Semimetals as Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts
journal, March 2017

  • Rajamathi, Catherine R.; Gupta, Uttam; Kumar, Nitesh
  • Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606202

Chemically exfoliated Mo S 2 layers: Spectroscopic evidence for the semiconducting nature of the dominant trigonal metastable phase
journal, November 2017


Critical enhancement of thermopower in a chemically tuned polar semimetal MoTe 2
journal, November 2016

  • Sakai, Hideaki; Ikeura, Koji; Bahramy, Mohammad Saeed
  • Science Advances, Vol. 2, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601378

Effect of strain on the magnetism of Fe-doped MoTe 2 monolayer
journal, September 2019


Unraveling High‐Yield Phase‐Transition Dynamics in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides on Metallic Substrates
journal, January 2019


Computational design of two-dimensional topological materials: Two-dimensional topological materials
journal, March 2017

  • Wang, Z. F.; Jin, Kyung-Hwan; Liu, Feng
  • Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Molecular Science, Vol. 7, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1304

2D materials for quantum information science
journal, August 2019


Superconductivity in the metastable 1 T and 1 T phases of Mo S 2 crystals
journal, November 2018


Imaging quantum spin Hall edges in monolayer WTe 2
journal, February 2019


Prediction of intrinsic two-dimensional non-Dirac topological insulators in triangular metal-organic frameworks
journal, January 2019

  • Zhang, Jiayong; Zhao, Bao; Ma, Chunlan
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5063664

Phase transition and field effect topological quantum transistor made of monolayer MoS 2
journal, May 2018

  • Simchi, H.; Simchi, M.; Fardmanesh, M.
  • Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 30, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aac050

Effect of vacancy defect on optoelectronic properties of monolayer tungsten diselenide
journal, November 2017


Observation of topologically protected states at crystalline phase boundaries in single-layer WSe2
journal, August 2018


Superconductivity in Weyl semimetal candidate MoTe2
journal, March 2016

  • Qi, Yanpeng; Naumov, Pavel G.; Ali, Mazhar N.
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11038

Orientation-dependent optical characterization of atomically thin transition metal ditellurides
journal, January 2018

  • Hoang, Anh Tuan; Shinde, Sachin M.; Katiyar, Ajit K.
  • Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 46
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07592a

Composition and temperature-dependent phase transition in miscible Mo1−xWxTe2 single crystals
journal, March 2017

  • Lv, Yang-Yang; Cao, Lin; Li, Xiao
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep44587

Quantum spin Hall effect in IV-VI topological crystalline insulators
journal, June 2015


Picoscale materials engineering
journal, September 2017

  • Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab; Walker, Frederick J.; Disa, Ankit S.
  • Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1038/natrevmats.2017.60

In‐Plane Anisotropic Properties of 1T′‐MoS 2 Layers
journal, April 2019

  • Nam, Gwang‐Hyeon; He, Qiyuan; Wang, Xingzhi
  • Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807764

Electronic structure of monolayer 1T′-MoTe 2 grown by molecular beam epitaxy
journal, February 2018

  • Tang, Shujie; Zhang, Chaofan; Jia, Chunjing
  • APL Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5004700

Chemical and structural stability of 2D layered materials
journal, July 2019


Prediction of a two-dimensional S 3 N 2 solid for optoelectronic applications
journal, February 2018


Ion intercalation engineering of electronic properties of two-dimensional crystals of 2 H TaSe 2
journal, October 2019


Dielectric properties of hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides: from monolayer to bulk
journal, March 2018

  • Laturia, Akash; Van de Put, Maarten L.; Vandenberghe, William G.
  • npj 2D Materials and Applications, Vol. 2, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41699-018-0050-x

A hidden symmetry-broken phase of MoS 2 revealed as a superior photovoltaic material
journal, January 2018

  • Xu, Meiling; Chen, Yue; Xiong, Fen
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 33
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8ta05459b

Gate-induced superconductivity in a monolayer topological insulator
journal, October 2018


Synthesis of High-Quality Large-Area Homogenous 1T′ MoTe 2 from Chemical Vapor Deposition
journal, September 2016


Atomically Thin MoS 2 : A Versatile Nongraphene 2D Material
journal, February 2016

  • Venkata Subbaiah, Y. P.; Saji, K. J.; Tiwari, A.
  • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201504202

Direct Synthesis of Large-Scale WTe 2 Thin Films with Low Thermal Conductivity
journal, January 2017

  • Zhou, Yu; Jang, Hyejin; Woods, John M.
  • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201605928

Synthesis of Large‐Size 1T′ ReS 2 x Se 2(1− x ) Alloy Monolayer with Tunable Bandgap and Carrier Type
journal, October 2017

  • Cui, Fangfang; Feng, Qingliang; Hong, Jinhua
  • Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 46
  • DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705015

Recent Developments in Controlled Vapor‐Phase Growth of 2D Group 6 Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
journal, December 2018

  • Kim, Se‐Yang; Kwak, Jinsung; Ciobanu, Cristian V.
  • Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 20
  • DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804939

Raman spectrum of layered jacutingaite (Pt 2 HgSe 3 ) crystals—Experimental and theoretical study
journal, November 2019

  • Longuinhos, Raphael; Vymazalová, Anna; Cabral, Alexandre R.
  • Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, Vol. 51, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/jrs.5764

Prediction of two‐dimensional materials by the global optimization approach
journal, December 2016

  • Gu, Teng; Luo, Wei; Xiang, Hongjun
  • WIREs Computational Molecular Science, Vol. 7, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1295

Strain-engineered diffusive atomic switching in two-dimensional crystals
journal, June 2016

  • Kalikka, Janne; Zhou, Xilin; Dilcher, Eric
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11983

Prediction of intrinsic two-dimensional ferroelectrics in In2Se3 and other III2-VI3 van der Waals materials
journal, April 2017

  • Ding, Wenjun; Zhu, Jianbao; Wang, Zhe
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14956

Nonlinear anomalous Hall effect in few-layer WTe2
journal, February 2019


An ultrafast symmetry switch in a Weyl semimetal
journal, January 2019


Straintronics in two-dimensional in-plane heterostructures of transition-metal dichalcogenides
journal, January 2017

  • Wei, Wei; Dai, Ying; Huang, Baibiao
  • Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07823k

Interlayer interactions in 2D WS 2 /MoS 2 heterostructures monolithically grown by in situ physical vapor deposition
journal, January 2018

  • Yang, Weifeng; Kawai, Hiroyo; Bosman, Michel
  • Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 48
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07498d

An electrically driven structural phase transition in single Ag 2 Te nanowire devices
journal, January 2019

  • Premasiri, Kasun; Zheng, Wei; Xu, Biao
  • Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8nr10000d

Perspectives for spintronics in 2D materials
journal, March 2016


Re doping induced 2H-1T phase transformation and ferromagnetism in MoS 2 nanosheets
journal, July 2018

  • Xia, Baorui; Liu, Peitao; Liu, Yonggang
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5027535

Experimental observation of conductive edge states in weak topological insulator candidate HfTe 5
journal, December 2018

  • Liu, S.; Wang, M. X.; Chen, C.
  • APL Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5050847

Spin dependence of crossed Andreev reflection and electron tunneling induced by Majorana fermions
journal, November 2018

  • Zhang, Kunhua; Zeng, Junjie; Dong, Xinlong
  • Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 30, Issue 50
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaedf6

Probing in-plane anisotropy in few-layer ReS 2 using low frequency noise measurement
journal, February 2018


Controlled growth of MoS 2 via surface-energy alterations
journal, October 2019


Modelling of stacked 2D materials and devices
journal, August 2015


Two-dimensional multiferroics in monolayer group IV monochalcogenides
journal, January 2017


Barkhausen effect in the first order structural phase transition in type-II Weyl semimetal MoTe 2
journal, October 2018


Electronic, vibrational, elastic, and piezoelectric properties of monolayer Janus MoSTe phases: A first-principles study
journal, July 2019


Proposed two-dimensional topological insulator in SiTe
journal, November 2016


Crystal-field effects in graphene with interface-induced spin-orbit coupling
journal, July 2018


Thickness dependent electronic structure of exfoliated mono- and few-layer 1 T MoTe 2
journal, October 2018


Detection of second-order topological superconductors by Josephson junctions
journal, January 2020


Large thermoelectric power factor of high-mobility transition-metal dichalcogenides with 1 T phase
journal, February 2020


Elastic and electronic tuning of magnetoresistance in MoTe 2
journal, December 2017


Evidence for a quantum spin Hall phase in graphene decorated with Bi 2 Te 3 nanoparticles
journal, November 2018


Magnetism in semiconducting molybdenum dichalcogenides
text, January 2018

  • Guguchia, Zurab; Kerelsky, Alexander; Edelberg, Drew
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • DOI: 10.5167/uzh-167500

Large-Area and High-Quality 2D Transition Metal Telluride
journal, November 2016


Room‐Temperature Mesoscopic Fluctuations and Coulomb Drag in Multilayer WSe 2
journal, March 2019

  • Doan, Manh‐Ha; Jin, Youngjo; Chau, Tuan Khanh
  • Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 17
  • DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900154

Ferroelasticity and domain physics in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
journal, February 2016


Direct solution-phase synthesis of 1T’ WSe2 nanosheets
journal, February 2019

  • Sokolikova, Maria S.; Sherrell, Peter C.; Palczynski, Pawel
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08594-3

Electric-field-tuned topological phase transition in ultrathin Na3Bi
journal, December 2018


Observation of the nonlinear Hall effect under time-reversal-symmetric conditions
journal, December 2018


Catalogue of topological electronic materials
journal, February 2019


Spin valley and giant quantum spin Hall gap of hydrofluorinated bismuth nanosheet
journal, May 2018


Growth and Thermo-driven Crystalline Phase Transition of Metastable Monolayer 1T′-WSe2 Thin Film
journal, February 2019


Coating two-dimensional MoS2 with polymer creates a corrosive non-uniform interface
journal, October 2018


Quantum spin hall insulators in strain-modified arsenene
journal, January 2015

  • Zhang, Haijun; Ma, Yandong; Chen, Zhongfang
  • Nanoscale, Vol. 7, Issue 45
  • DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05006e

Differentiating Polymorphs in Molybdenum Disulfide via Electron Microscopy
journal, August 2018


Room-Temperature Nanoseconds Spin Relaxation in WTe 2 and MoTe 2 Thin Films
journal, April 2018


Recent Progress in Two‐Dimensional Ferroelectric Materials
journal, November 2019


Atomic Insights into Phase Evolution in Ternary Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides Nanostructures
journal, May 2018


Alkali-metal-embedded in monolayer MoS2: optical properties and work functions
journal, September 2018


Discovery of a new type of topological Weyl fermion semimetal state in MoxW1−xTe2
journal, December 2016

  • Belopolski, Ilya; Sanchez, Daniel S.; Ishida, Yukiaki
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13643

Quantum spin Hall state in monolayer 1T'-WTe2
journal, June 2017

  • Tang, Shujie; Zhang, Chaofan; Wong, Dillon
  • Nature Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1038/nphys4174

Normal-to-topological insulator martensitic phase transition in group-IV monochalcogenides driven by light
journal, January 2020


Autonomous robotic searching and assembly of two-dimensional crystals to build van der Waals superlattices
journal, April 2018


Black phosphorus and its isoelectronic materials
journal, April 2019


First-principles prediction on bismuthylene monolayer as a promising quantum spin Hall insulator
journal, January 2017

  • Zhang, Run-Wu; Zhang, Chang-Wen; Ji, Wei-Xiao
  • Nanoscale, Vol. 9, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01992k

A vacancy-driven phase transition in MoX 2 (X: S, Se and Te) nanoscrolls
journal, January 2018

  • Hwang, Da Young; Choi, Kyoung Hwan; Suh, Dong Hack
  • Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 17
  • DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08634b

Metastable phase control of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides on metal substrates
journal, January 2018

  • Ling, Faling; Jing, Huirong; Chen, Yankun
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 45
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8tc04087g

Few-layer 1T′ MoTe 2 as gapless semimetal with thickness dependent carrier transport
journal, June 2018


Electronic properties of candidate type-II Weyl semimetal WTe 2 . A review perspective
journal, March 2019


Predictive design of intrinsic half-metallicity in zigzag tungsten dichalcogenide nanoribbons
journal, November 2019


Magnetism in semiconducting molybdenum dichalcogenides
journal, December 2018


On the quantum spin Hall gap of monolayer 1T'-WTe2
text, January 2016


Robust Helical Edge Transport in Quantum Spin Hall Quantum Wells
text, January 2017


Electronic Structure Theory of Strained Two-Dimensional Materials with Hexagonal Symmetry
text, January 2017


Observation of Coulomb gap in the quantum spin Hall candidate single-layer 1T'-WTe$_2$
text, January 2017


Quantitative mappings between symmetry and topology in solids
text, January 2017


Gate-induced superconductivity in a monolayer topological insulator
text, January 2018


Observation of topological states residing at step edges of WTe2
journal, September 2017


Author Correction: Signatures of the topological s+− superconducting order parameter in the type-II Weyl semimetal T d -MoTe2
journal, January 2018


Observation of topologically protected states at crystalline phase boundaries in single-layer WSe2
journal, August 2018


Boron Triangular Kagome Lattice with Half-Metallic Ferromagnetism
journal, August 2017


Author Correction: Anomalous in-plane anisotropic Raman response of monoclinic semimetal 1 T′-MoTe2
journal, December 2017


Magnetic Field Enhanced Superconductivity in Epitaxial Thin Film WTe2
journal, April 2018


Spin valley and giant quantum spin Hall gap of hydrofluorinated bismuth nanosheet
journal, May 2018


Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy for the study of two-dimensional materials
journal, March 2017


A Review of the Characteristics, Synthesis, and Thermodynamics of Type-II Weyl Semimetal WTe2
journal, July 2018

  • Tian, Wenchao; Yu, Wenbo; Liu, Xiaohan
  • Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.3390/ma11071185

Ab initio study of adsorption and diffusion of lithium on transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
journal, January 2017


Novel effects of strains in graphene and other two dimensional materials
text, January 2015


Observation of Coulomb gap in the quantum spin Hall candidate single-layer 1T'-WTe$_2$
text, January 2017