Study of self-diffraction from laser generated plasma gratings in the nanosecond regime

Schrauth, S. E.; Colaitis, A.; Luthi, R. L.; Plummer, R. C. W.; Hollingsworth, W. G.; Carr, C. W.; Norton, M. A.; Wallace, R. J.; Hamza, A. V.; MacGowan, B. J.; Shaw, M. J.; Spaeth, M. L.; Manes, K. R.; Michel, P.; Di Nicola, J.-M.

doi:10.1063/1.5087734

Title: Study of self-diffraction from laser generated plasma gratings in the nanosecond regime

Abstract

We investigate the formation and diffraction efficiency of plasma gratings generated by the interference of two laser beams crossing at a small angle on the surface of a planar aluminum target. Such gratings were observed during National Ignition Facility experiments with the ratio of energy in the first-order to zeroth order of ≈60%. Recently, additional experiments were performed on the Optical Sciences Laser. These experiments with only two interfering beams showed high normalized energy (ratio of energy in diffracted order to zeroth order) of approximately 10% and 3% at the first and second diffracted order locations, respectively, for intensities less than 1012 W/cm2. The existence of the higher-orders is the characteristic of diffraction from gratings in the Raman-Nath as opposed to the Bragg regime. In addition, we show conical diffraction from the generated plasma grating. Using numerical simulations, we explore the large difference in diffraction efficiency observed in these two experiments and highlight the role of plasma temperature and density scale length. The simulations suggest a modulation depth of the plasma grating refractive index ranging from 1.77×10-4 to 3.5×10-2. These results are relevant to Inertial Confinement Fusion experiments or plasma photonics applications of gratings in high-field laser-physics and high-energy densitymore »« less

Authors:

Schrauth, S. E. ^[1];

^[1]; Luthi, R. L. ^[1]; Plummer, R. C. W. ^[1]; Hollingsworth, W. G. ^[1]; Carr, C. W. ^[1]; Norton, M. A. ^[1]; Wallace, R. J. ^[1]; Hamza, A. V. ^[1]; MacGowan, B. J. ^[1]; Shaw, M. J. ^[1]; Spaeth, M. L. ^[1]; Manes, K. R. ^[1]; Michel, P. ^[1]; Di Nicola, J.-M. ^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1638009

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1545414

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-763069
Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X;1089-7674; 950368; TRN: US2201700

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics of Plasmas

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 26; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; Lasers; Plasma temperature; Photonics; Plasma waves; Laser physics; Plasma confinement; Laser plasma interactions; Hydrodynamics simulations

Citation Formats


                    Schrauth, S. E., Colaitis, A., Luthi, R. L., Plummer, R. C. W., Hollingsworth, W. G., Carr, C. W., Norton, M. A., Wallace, R. J., Hamza, A. V., MacGowan, B. J., Shaw, M. J., Spaeth, M. L., Manes, K. R., Michel, P., and Di Nicola, J.-M. Study of self-diffraction from laser generated plasma gratings in the nanosecond regime.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.5087734.

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                    Schrauth, S. E., Colaitis, A., Luthi, R. L., Plummer, R. C. W., Hollingsworth, W. G., Carr, C. W., Norton, M. A., Wallace, R. J., Hamza, A. V., MacGowan, B. J., Shaw, M. J., Spaeth, M. L., Manes, K. R., Michel, P., & Di Nicola, J.-M. Study of self-diffraction from laser generated plasma gratings in the nanosecond regime.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5087734

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                    Schrauth, S. E., Colaitis, A., Luthi, R. L., Plummer, R. C. W., Hollingsworth, W. G., Carr, C. W., Norton, M. A., Wallace, R. J., Hamza, A. V., MacGowan, B. J., Shaw, M. J., Spaeth, M. L., Manes, K. R., Michel, P., and Di Nicola, J.-M. Mon .  
"Study of self-diffraction from laser generated plasma gratings in the nanosecond regime".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5087734.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1638009.

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@article{osti_1638009,

  title        = {Study of self-diffraction from laser generated plasma gratings in the nanosecond regime},

  author       = {Schrauth, S. E. and Colaitis, A. and Luthi, R. L. and Plummer, R. C. W. and Hollingsworth, W. G. and Carr, C. W. and Norton, M. A. and Wallace, R. J. and Hamza, A. V. and MacGowan, B. J. and Shaw, M. J. and Spaeth, M. L. and Manes, K. R. and Michel, P. and Di Nicola, J.-M.},

  abstractNote = {We investigate the formation and diffraction efficiency of plasma gratings generated by the interference of two laser beams crossing at a small angle on the surface of a planar aluminum target. Such gratings were observed during National Ignition Facility experiments with the ratio of energy in the first-order to zeroth order of ≈60%. Recently, additional experiments were performed on the Optical Sciences Laser. These experiments with only two interfering beams showed high normalized energy (ratio of energy in diffracted order to zeroth order) of approximately 10% and 3% at the first and second diffracted order locations, respectively, for intensities less than 1012 W/cm2. The existence of the higher-orders is the characteristic of diffraction from gratings in the Raman-Nath as opposed to the Bragg regime. In addition, we show conical diffraction from the generated plasma grating. Using numerical simulations, we explore the large difference in diffraction efficiency observed in these two experiments and highlight the role of plasma temperature and density scale length. The simulations suggest a modulation depth of the plasma grating refractive index ranging from 1.77×10-4 to 3.5×10-2. These results are relevant to Inertial Confinement Fusion experiments or plasma photonics applications of gratings in high-field laser-physics and high-energy density science, specifically in the nanosecond regime.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.5087734},

  journal      = {Physics of Plasmas},

  number       = 7,

  volume       = 26,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Mon Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5087734

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Cited by: 4 works

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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1: The experimental setup of the NIF target chamber for the bare aluminum reflectivity measurement. The 8 beams from Q13B and Q15B interact on the planar aluminum target and the reflection of the beams from Q13B are measured on the NBI plate.

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Works referenced in this record:

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Title: Study of self-diffraction from laser generated plasma gratings in the nanosecond regime

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Dynamic Control of the Polarization of Intense Laser Beams via Optical Wave Mixing in Plasmas journal, November 2014

Backscattering of ultrashort high intensity laser pulses from solid targets at oblique incidence journal, February 2002

Saturation of multi-laser beams laser-plasma instabilities from stochastic ion heating journal, May 2013

Review of the National Ignition Campaign 2009-2012 journal, February 2014

High Power Dynamic Polarization Control Using Plasma Photonics journal, May 2016

New High‐Power Source of Coherent Microwave Phonons journal, June 1970

Millimeter-wave diffraction by a photo-induced plasma grating journal, January 1995

A large-aperture high-energy laser system for optics and optical component testing conference, June 2004

Description of the NIF Laser journal, February 2016

Near-diffraction-limited laser focusing with a near-critical density plasma lens journal, December 2015

Description of Diffraction Grating Behavior in Direction Cosine Space journal, January 1998

Vacuum laser acceleration of relativistic electrons using plasma mirror injectors journal, December 2015

Multibeam Seeded Brillouin Sidescatter in Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments journal, March 2015

Ptychographic measurements of ultrahigh-intensity laser–plasma interactions journal, December 2015

Interaction of crossed laser beams with plasmas journal, June 1996

Unified Approach to Ultrasonic Light Diffraction journal, July 1967

Scattering of Light Reflected from Acoustic Surface Waves in Isotropic Solids journal, December 1967

Doppler shift of laser light reflected from expanding plasmas journal, January 1981

Plasma density gratings induced by intersecting laser pulses in underdense plasmas journal, November 2003

Quasihydrodynamic description of ion acoustic waves in a collisional plasma journal, August 1994

Vacuum laser acceleration of relativistic electrons using plasma mirror injectors conference, August 2015

Analytical description of a plasma diffraction grating induced by two crossed laser beams journal, December 1997

Criterion for Bragg and Raman-Nath diffraction regimes journal, January 1978

Kinetic theory of ion acoustic waves in a plasma with collisional electrons journal, December 1995

Complete characterization of a plasma mirror for the production of high-contrast ultraintense laser pulses journal, February 2004

Laser-induced ultrasonics: A daynamic holographic approach to the measurement of weak absorptions, optoelastic constants acoustic attenuation journal, November 1982

Optically Controlled Solid-Density Transient Plasma Gratings journal, April 2014

National Ignition Facility laser performance status journal, January 2007

Dynamic Control of the Polarization of Intense Laser Beams via Optical Wave Mixing in Plasmas
journal, November 2014

Backscattering of ultrashort high intensity laser pulses from solid targets at oblique incidence
journal, February 2002

Saturation of multi-laser beams laser-plasma instabilities from stochastic ion heating
journal, May 2013

Review of the National Ignition Campaign 2009-2012
journal, February 2014

High Power Dynamic Polarization Control Using Plasma Photonics
journal, May 2016

New High‐Power Source of Coherent Microwave Phonons
journal, June 1970

Millimeter-wave diffraction by a photo-induced plasma grating
journal, January 1995

A large-aperture high-energy laser system for optics and optical component testing
conference, June 2004

Description of the NIF Laser
journal, February 2016

Near-diffraction-limited laser focusing with a near-critical density plasma lens
journal, December 2015

Description of Diffraction Grating Behavior in Direction Cosine Space
journal, January 1998

Vacuum laser acceleration of relativistic electrons using plasma mirror injectors
journal, December 2015

Multibeam Seeded Brillouin Sidescatter in Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments
journal, March 2015

Ptychographic measurements of ultrahigh-intensity laser–plasma interactions
journal, December 2015

Interaction of crossed laser beams with plasmas
journal, June 1996

Unified Approach to Ultrasonic Light Diffraction
journal, July 1967

Scattering of Light Reflected from Acoustic Surface Waves in Isotropic Solids
journal, December 1967

Doppler shift of laser light reflected from expanding plasmas
journal, January 1981

Plasma density gratings induced by intersecting laser pulses in underdense plasmas
journal, November 2003

Quasihydrodynamic description of ion acoustic waves in a collisional plasma
journal, August 1994

Vacuum laser acceleration of relativistic electrons using plasma mirror injectors
conference, August 2015

Analytical description of a plasma diffraction grating induced by two crossed laser beams
journal, December 1997

Criterion for Bragg and Raman-Nath diffraction regimes
journal, January 1978

Kinetic theory of ion acoustic waves in a plasma with collisional electrons
journal, December 1995

Complete characterization of a plasma mirror for the production of high-contrast ultraintense laser pulses
journal, February 2004

Laser-induced ultrasonics: A daynamic holographic approach to the measurement of weak absorptions, optoelastic constants acoustic attenuation
journal, November 1982

Optically Controlled Solid-Density Transient Plasma Gratings
journal, April 2014

National Ignition Facility laser performance status
journal, January 2007