Dark radiation and superheavy dark matter from black hole domination

Hooper, Dan; Krnjaic, Gordan; McDermott, Samuel D.

doi:10.1007/JHEP08(2019)001

Title: Dark radiation and superheavy dark matter from black hole domination

Abstract

If even a relatively small number of black holes were created in the early universe, they will constitute an increasingly large fraction of the total energy density as space expands. It is thus well-motivated to consider scenarios in which the early universe included an era in which primordial black holes dominated the total energy density. Within this context, we consider Hawking radiation as a mechanism to produce both dark radiation and dark matter. If the early universe included a black hole dominated era, we find that Hawking radiation will produce dark radiation at a level $$\Delta N_{\rm eff} \sim 0.03-0.2$$ for each light and decoupled species of spin 0, 1/2, or 1. This range is well suited to relax the tension among late and early-time Hubble determinations, and is within the reach of upcoming CMB experiments. The dark matter could additionally originate as Hawking radiation in a black hole dominated early universe, although such dark matter candidates must be very heavy ($$m_{\rm DM} >10^{11}$$ GeV) if they are to avoid exceeding the measured abundance.

Authors:

Hooper, Dan ^[1]; Krnjaic, Gordan ^[2]; McDermott, Samuel D. ^[2]

Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: 2019-08-01

Research Org.:: Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1545087

Report Number(s):: arXiv:1905.01301; FERMILAB-PUB-19-186-A
Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479; 1733139

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 2019; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479

Publisher:: Springer Berlin

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Beyond Standard Model; Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM

Citation Formats


                    Hooper, Dan, Krnjaic, Gordan, and McDermott, Samuel D. Dark radiation and superheavy dark matter from black hole domination.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1007/JHEP08(2019)001.

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                    Hooper, Dan, Krnjaic, Gordan, & McDermott, Samuel D. Dark radiation and superheavy dark matter from black hole domination.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2019)001

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                    Hooper, Dan, Krnjaic, Gordan, and McDermott, Samuel D. Thu .  
"Dark radiation and superheavy dark matter from black hole domination".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2019)001.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1545087.

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@article{osti_1545087,

  title        = {Dark radiation and superheavy dark matter from black hole domination},

  author       = {Hooper, Dan and Krnjaic, Gordan and McDermott, Samuel D.},

  abstractNote = {If even a relatively small number of black holes were created in the early universe, they will constitute an increasingly large fraction of the total energy density as space expands. It is thus well-motivated to consider scenarios in which the early universe included an era in which primordial black holes dominated the total energy density. Within this context, we consider Hawking radiation as a mechanism to produce both dark radiation and dark matter. If the early universe included a black hole dominated era, we find that Hawking radiation will produce dark radiation at a level $\Delta N_{\rm eff} \sim 0.03-0.2$ for each light and decoupled species of spin 0, 1/2, or 1. This range is well suited to relax the tension among late and early-time Hubble determinations, and is within the reach of upcoming CMB experiments. The dark matter could additionally originate as Hawking radiation in a black hole dominated early universe, although such dark matter candidates must be very heavy ($m_{\rm DM} >10^{11}$ GeV) if they are to avoid exceeding the measured abundance.},

  doi          = {10.1007/JHEP08(2019)001},

  journal      = {Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)},

  number       = 8,

  volume       = 2019,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {8}

}

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Sobrinho, J. L. G.; Augusto, P.; Gonçalves, A. L.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1609.01205

Single Field Double Inflation and Primordial Black Holes
text, January 2017

Kannike, Kristjan; Marzola, Luca; Raidal, Martti
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1705.06225

Black Hole Genesis of Dark Matter
text, January 2017

Lennon, Olivier; March-Russell, John; Petrossian-Byrne, Rudin
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1712.07664

Melanopogenesis: Dark Matter of (almost) any Mass and Baryonic Matter from the Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes weighing a Ton (or less)
text, January 2018

Morrison, Logan; Profumo, Stefano; Yu, Yan
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1812.10606

Nonthermal Supermassive Dark Matter
text, January 1998

Chung, Daniel J. H.; Kolb, Edward W.; Riotto, Antonio
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9805473

Works referencing / citing this record:

Cosmic Expansion History from Line-Intensity Mapping
journal, December 2019

Bernal, José Luis; Breysse, Patrick C.; Kovetz, Ely D.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 25
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.251301

The BAO+BBN take on the Hubble tension
journal, October 2019

Schöneberg, Nils; Lesgourgues, Julien; Hooper, Deanna C.
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/10/029

Superheavy Thermal Dark Matter
journal, November 2019

Kim, Hyungjin; Kuflik, Eric
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 19
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.191801

The Cosmic Expansion History from Line-Intensity Mapping
text, January 2019

Bernal, José Luis; Breysse, Patrick C.; Kovetz, Ely D.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1907.10065

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Title: Dark radiation and superheavy dark matter from black hole domination

Abstract

Citation Formats

Extended Inflationary Cosmology journal, January 1989

Prescription for successful extended inflation journal, November 1989

Hyperextended inflation journal, June 1990

Axions in string theory journal, June 2006

Signatures of non-gaussianity in the isocurvature modes of primordial black hole dark matter journal, April 2015

Baryogenesis from Black hole Evaporation journal, August 1995

Did LIGO Detect Dark Matter? journal, May 2016

Can Planck-mass relics of evaporating black holes close the Universe? journal, September 1987

Extended Inflationary Cosmology journal, February 1989

Cosmology, primordial black holes, and supermassive particles [Kosmologiya, pervichnye chernye dyry i sverkhmassivnye chastitsy] journal, January 1985

Nonthermal Supermassive Dark Matter journal, November 1998

Black Holes in the Early Universe journal, August 1974

Black hole explosions? journal, March 1974

Particle creation by black holes journal, June 1976

Searching for light relics with large-scale structure journal, August 2018

Black holes in the early Universe journal, October 2012

Gravitational radiation and the motion of two point masses text, January 1964

Cosmology, primordial black holes, and supermassive particles journal, March 1985

New production mechanism for keV sterile neutrino Dark Matter by decays of frozen-in scalars journal, March 2014

Quark- and gluon-jet emission from primordial black holes: The instantaneous spectra journal, May 1990

Light pseudoscalars, particle physics and cosmology journal, June 1987

Gravitational Radiation and the Motion of Two Point Masses journal, November 1964

Primordial black holes with an accurate QCD equation of state journal, August 2018

Cosmological moduli and the post-inflationary universe: A critical review journal, July 2015

Milky Way Cepheid Standards for Measuring Cosmic Distances and Application to Gaia DR2: Implications for the Hubble Constant journal, July 2018

Baryogenesis in extended inflation. II. Baryogenesis via primordial black holes journal, February 1991

Gravitational couplings of the inflaton in extended inflation journal, July 1990

Goldstone Bosons as Fractional Cosmic Neutrinos journal, June 2013

Windows on the axion journal, December 1990

Searching for light relics with large-scale structure text, January 2018

Single field double inflation and primordial black holes journal, September 2017

Unitarity limits on the mass and radius of dark-matter particles journal, February 1990

Black hole genesis of dark matter journal, April 2018

Black holes from extended inflation journal, November 1990

New thresholds for primordial black hole formation during the QCD phase transition journal, August 2016

Melanopogenesis: dark matter of (almost) any mass and baryonic matter from the evaporation of primordial black holes weighing a ton (or less) journal, May 2019

Early Dark Energy can Resolve the Hubble Tension journal, June 2019

Matter-antimatter accounting, thermodynamics, and black-hole radiation journal, February 1979

Baryogenesis from Hawking radiation journal, October 2014

Particle creation by black holes journal, August 1975

Extended inflation with induced gravity journal, May 1989

Density perturbations and black hole formation in hybrid inflation journal, November 1996

Constraints on dark matter particles charged under a hidden gauge group from primordial black holes journal, June 2009

On Spherically Symmetrical Accretion journal, April 1952

Primordial black holes as dark matter in supergravity inflation models journal, October 2016

The clustering of massive Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: Measuring their mass distribution with advanced LIGO journal, March 2017

Primordial black hole formation in a double inflation model in supergravity journal, May 1998

Sensitivity of primordial black hole abundance on the reheating phase journal, August 2018

Primordial black hole abundance from random Gaussian curvature perturbations and a local density threshold journal, December 2018

Massive primordial black holes from hybrid inflation as dark matter and the seeds of galaxies journal, July 2015

Bubble percolation in extended inflationary models journal, April 1989

Some problems with extended inflation journal, December 1989

Bubble collisions in the very early universe journal, November 1982

Primordial black holes as a cosmological test of grand unification journal, December 1980

Primordial black hole formation during first-order phase transitions journal, May 1999

Baryon asymmetry, dark matter, and density perturbation from primordial black holes journal, May 2014

Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics beyond ΛCDM journal, May 2019

A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant journal, July 2016

The trouble with H 0 journal, October 2016

Sounds Discordant: Classical Distance Ladder and ΛCDM-based Determinations of the Cosmological Sound Horizon journal, March 2019

Sterile neutrino dark matter with supersymmetry journal, August 2017

Thermal neutrino portal to sub-MeV dark matter journal, May 2019

Hot axions and the H 0 tension journal, November 2018

Addressing astrophysical and cosmological problems with secretly asymmetric dark matter journal, July 2019

Cosmology with a very light Lμ − Lτ gauge boson journal, March 2019

Cosmological implications of ultralight axionlike fields journal, October 2018

Implications of an extended dark energy cosmology with massive neutrinos for cosmological tensions journal, June 2018

Converting nonrelativistic dark matter to radiation journal, July 2018

Effect of a late decaying scalar on the neutralino relic density journal, October 2006

Neutralino with the right cold dark matter abundance in (almost) any supersymmetric model journal, July 2006

keV sterile neutrino dark matter from singlet scalar decays: basic concepts and subtle features journal, June 2015

Production of massive particles during reheating journal, August 1999

Gravitational production of superheavy dark matter journal, July 2001

Quark- and gluon-jet emission from primordial black holes. II. The emission over the black-hole lifetime journal, July 1991

Primordial black holes as dark matter journal, October 2016

MeV-scale reheating temperature and thermalization of the neutrino background journal, June 2000

What is the lowest possible reheating temperature? journal, August 2004

Extended Inflationary Cosmology
journal, January 1989

Prescription for successful extended inflation
journal, November 1989

Hyperextended inflation
journal, June 1990

Axions in string theory
journal, June 2006

Signatures of non-gaussianity in the isocurvature modes of primordial black hole dark matter
journal, April 2015

Baryogenesis from Black hole Evaporation
journal, August 1995

Did LIGO Detect Dark Matter?
journal, May 2016

Can Planck-mass relics of evaporating black holes close the Universe?
journal, September 1987

Extended Inflationary Cosmology
journal, February 1989

Cosmology, primordial black holes, and supermassive particles [Kosmologiya, pervichnye chernye dyry i sverkhmassivnye chastitsy]
journal, January 1985

Nonthermal Supermassive Dark Matter
journal, November 1998

Black Holes in the Early Universe
journal, August 1974

Black hole explosions?
journal, March 1974

Particle creation by black holes
journal, June 1976

Searching for light relics with large-scale structure
journal, August 2018

Black holes in the early Universe
journal, October 2012

Gravitational radiation and the motion of two point masses
text, January 1964

Cosmology, primordial black holes, and supermassive particles
journal, March 1985

New production mechanism for keV sterile neutrino Dark Matter by decays of frozen-in scalars
journal, March 2014

Quark- and gluon-jet emission from primordial black holes: The instantaneous spectra
journal, May 1990

Light pseudoscalars, particle physics and cosmology
journal, June 1987

Gravitational Radiation and the Motion of Two Point Masses
journal, November 1964

Primordial black holes with an accurate QCD equation of state
journal, August 2018

Cosmological moduli and the post-inflationary universe: A critical review
journal, July 2015

Milky Way Cepheid Standards for Measuring Cosmic Distances and Application to Gaia DR2: Implications for the Hubble Constant
journal, July 2018

Baryogenesis in extended inflation. II. Baryogenesis via primordial black holes
journal, February 1991

Gravitational couplings of the inflaton in extended inflation
journal, July 1990

Goldstone Bosons as Fractional Cosmic Neutrinos
journal, June 2013

Windows on the axion
journal, December 1990

Searching for light relics with large-scale structure
text, January 2018

Single field double inflation and primordial black holes
journal, September 2017

Unitarity limits on the mass and radius of dark-matter particles
journal, February 1990

Black hole genesis of dark matter
journal, April 2018

Black holes from extended inflation
journal, November 1990

New thresholds for primordial black hole formation during the QCD phase transition
journal, August 2016

Melanopogenesis: dark matter of (almost) any mass and baryonic matter from the evaporation of primordial black holes weighing a ton (or less)
journal, May 2019

Early Dark Energy can Resolve the Hubble Tension
journal, June 2019

Matter-antimatter accounting, thermodynamics, and black-hole radiation
journal, February 1979

Baryogenesis from Hawking radiation
journal, October 2014

Particle creation by black holes
journal, August 1975

Extended inflation with induced gravity
journal, May 1989

Density perturbations and black hole formation in hybrid inflation
journal, November 1996

Constraints on dark matter particles charged under a hidden gauge group from primordial black holes
journal, June 2009

On Spherically Symmetrical Accretion
journal, April 1952

Primordial black holes as dark matter in supergravity inflation models
journal, October 2016

The clustering of massive Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: Measuring their mass distribution with advanced LIGO
journal, March 2017

Primordial black hole formation in a double inflation model in supergravity
journal, May 1998

Sensitivity of primordial black hole abundance on the reheating phase
journal, August 2018

Primordial black hole abundance from random Gaussian curvature perturbations and a local density threshold
journal, December 2018

Massive primordial black holes from hybrid inflation as dark matter and the seeds of galaxies
journal, July 2015

Bubble percolation in extended inflationary models
journal, April 1989

Some problems with extended inflation
journal, December 1989

Bubble collisions in the very early universe
journal, November 1982

Primordial black holes as a cosmological test of grand unification
journal, December 1980

Primordial black hole formation during first-order phase transitions
journal, May 1999

Baryon asymmetry, dark matter, and density perturbation from primordial black holes
journal, May 2014

Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics beyond ΛCDM
journal, May 2019

A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant
journal, July 2016

The trouble with H ₀
journal, October 2016

Sounds Discordant: Classical Distance Ladder and ΛCDM-based Determinations of the Cosmological Sound Horizon
journal, March 2019

Sterile neutrino dark matter with supersymmetry
journal, August 2017

Thermal neutrino portal to sub-MeV dark matter
journal, May 2019

Hot axions and the H ₀ tension
journal, November 2018

Addressing astrophysical and cosmological problems with secretly asymmetric dark matter
journal, July 2019

Cosmology with a very light Lμ − Lτ gauge boson
journal, March 2019

Cosmological implications of ultralight axionlike fields
journal, October 2018

Implications of an extended dark energy cosmology with massive neutrinos for cosmological tensions
journal, June 2018

Converting nonrelativistic dark matter to radiation
journal, July 2018

Effect of a late decaying scalar on the neutralino relic density
journal, October 2006

Neutralino with the right cold dark matter abundance in (almost) any supersymmetric model
journal, July 2006

keV sterile neutrino dark matter from singlet scalar decays: basic concepts and subtle features
journal, June 2015

Production of massive particles during reheating
journal, August 1999

Gravitational production of superheavy dark matter
journal, July 2001

Quark- and gluon-jet emission from primordial black holes. II. The emission over the black-hole lifetime
journal, July 1991

Primordial black holes as dark matter
journal, October 2016

MeV-scale reheating temperature and thermalization of the neutrino background
journal, June 2000

What is the lowest possible reheating temperature?
journal, August 2004

Some cosmological consequences of primordial black-hole evaporations
journal, May 1976

Primordial black holes and baryon production in grand unified theories
journal, August 1980

Baryon production by primordial black holes
journal, December 1979