A Modeling Study of Direct and Indirect N2O Emissions From a Representative Catchment in the U.S. Corn Belt

Fu, Congsheng; Lee, Xuhui; Griffis, Timothy J.; Baker, John M.; Turner, Peter A.

doi:10.1029/2017WR022108

Title: A Modeling Study of Direct and Indirect N₂O Emissions From a Representative Catchment in the U.S. Corn Belt

Journal Article · 16 April 2018 · Water Resources Research

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2017WR022108 · OSTI ID:1544286

^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[4];

^[3]

Nanjing Univ. of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing (China); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing (China); Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)
Nanjing Univ. of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing (China); Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)
Univ. of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (United States)
Univ. of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (United States); US Dept. of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Saint Paul, MN (United States)

Indirect nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from drainage ditches and headwater streams are poorly constrained. Few studies have monitored stream N₂O emissions and fewer modeling studies have been conducted to simulate stream N₂O emissions. Here, we determined direct and indirect N₂O emission modules and a corresponding calibration module for use in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, and implemented the expanded SWAT model (termed SWAT-N₂O) to a representative fourth-stream-order catchment (210 km²) and six first-order stream catchments (0.22–1.83 km²) in southeastern Minnesota. We simulated the spatial and temporal fluctuations of the indirect emissions from streams, identified emission “hot spots” and “hot moments,” and diagnosed the correlations between direct and indirect emissions. We demonstrated that zero-order streams and first-order streams could contribute 0.034–0.066 and 0.011 nmol N₂O m^–2 s^–1 (expressed on the basis of unit catchment area) to the total surface emissions, respectively. Emissions from zero-order and first-order streams equal 24–41% of direct emissions from soil, which may explain the emission gap between calculations using top-down and bottom-up methods. Clear spatial patterns were identified for both direct and indirect emissions and their spatial variations were negatively correlated. Our results indicate that the IPCC N₂O emission factor for streams in the Corn Belt should be increased by 3.2–5.7 times. Increasing precipitation and streamflow in the Corn Belt may potentially increase frequencies of soil anoxic conditions and nitrate leaching to streams, and subsequently increase N₂O emissions from both soils and streams.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); United States Department of Agriculture

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1544286

Journal Information:: Water Resources Research, Journal Name: Water Resources Research Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 54; ISSN 0043-1397

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (71)

A hydrologic model demonstrates nitrous oxide emissions depend on streambed morphology Marzadri, A.; Tonina, D.; Bellin, A. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060732	journal	August 2014
Partitioning N ₂ O emissions within the U.S. Corn Belt using an inverse modeling approach : Partitioning N Chen, Zichong; Griffis, Timothy J.; Millet, Dylan B. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 30, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GB005313	journal	August 2016
Measuring and modeling the lifetime of nitrous oxide including its variability: NITROUS OXIDE AND ITS CHANGING LIFETIME Prather, Michael J.; Hsu, Juno; DeLuca, Nicole M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023267	journal	June 2015
Controls on nitrous oxide production and consumption in reservoirs of the Ohio River Basin: N Beaulieu, Jake J.; Nietch, Christopher T.; Young, Jade L. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 120, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JG002941	journal	October 2015
Regional-scale controls on dissolved nitrous oxide in the Upper Mississippi River: Controls on N Turner, P. A.; Griffis, T. J.; Baker, J. M. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068710	journal	May 2016
Reconciling the differences between top-down and bottom-up estimates of nitrous oxide emissions for the U.S. Corn Belt: N Griffis, T. J.; Lee, X.; Baker, J. M. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 27, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/gbc.20066	journal	August 2013
Investigations of uncertainty in SWAT hydrologic simulations: a case study of a Canadian Shield catchment: Investigations of Uncertainty in SWAT Hydrologic Simulations Fu, Congsheng; James, April L.; Yao, Huaxia Hydrological Processes, Vol. 29, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10477	journal	April 2015
Comparison of AnnAGNPS and SWAT model simulation results in USDA-CEAP agricultural watersheds in south-central Kansas Parajuli, Prem B.; Nelson, Nathan O.; Frees, Lyle D. Hydrological Processes, Vol. 23, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7174	journal	February 2009
Threshold behavior in a fissured granitic catchment in southern China: 2. Modeling and uncertainty analysis: Threshold Behavior in A Fissured Granitic Catchment in Southern China Fu, Congsheng; Chen, Jianyao; Jiang, Huabo Water Resources Research, Vol. 49, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20193	journal	May 2013
Effects of a diel oxygen cycle on nitrogen transformations and greenhouse gas emissions in a eutrophied subtropical stream Harrison, John A.; Matson, Pamela A.; Fendorf, Scott E. Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 67, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02506134	journal	September 2005
Effects of a diel oxygen cycle on nitrogen transformations and greenhouse gas emissions in a eutrophied subtropical stream Harrison, John A.; Matson, Pamela A.; Fendorf, Scott E. Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 67, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-005-0776-3	journal	September 2005
Nitrogen Loading and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a River with Multiple Hydroelectric Reservoirs Chen, Jinsong; Cao, Wenzhi; Cao, Di Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol. 94, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1525-5	journal	March 2015
Balancing watershed nitrogen budgets: accounting for biogenic gases in streams Gardner, John R.; Fisher, Thomas R.; Jordan, Thomas E. Biogeochemistry, Vol. 127, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0177-1	journal	January 2016
River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I — A discussion of principles Nash, J. E.; Sutcliffe, J. V. Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(70)90255-6	journal	April 1970
Review of the IPCC methodology for estimating nitrous oxide emissions associated with agricultural leaching and runoff Nevison, Cynthia Chemosphere - Global Change Science, Vol. 2, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1465-9972(00)00013-1	journal	July 2000
Modelling the N cascade in regional watersheds: The case study of the Seine, Somme and Scheldt rivers Billen, Gilles; Thieu, Vincent; Garnier, Josette Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Vol. 133, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.04.018	journal	October 2009
Nitrous oxide (N2O) in the Seine river and basin: Observations and budgets Garnier, Josette; Billen, Gilles; Vilain, Guillaume Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Vol. 133, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.04.024	journal	October 2009
The effect of tile-drainage on nitrous oxide emissions from soils and drainage streams in a cropped landscape in Central France Grossel, Agnès; Nicoullaud, Bernard; Bourennane, Hocine Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Vol. 230 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.06.015	journal	August 2016
Survey of nitrogen fertilizer use on corn in Minnesota Bierman, Peter M.; Rosen, Carl J.; Venterea, Rodney T. Agricultural Systems, Vol. 109 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2012.02.004	journal	June 2012
C-Farm: A simple model to evaluate the carbon balance of soil profiles Kemanian, Armen R.; Stöckle, Claudio O. European Journal of Agronomy, Vol. 32, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2009.08.003	journal	January 2010
SWAT-CS: Revision and testing of SWAT for Canadian Shield catchments Fu, Congsheng; James, April L.; Yao, Huaxia Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 511 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.02.023	journal	April 2014
Modifying the Soil and Water Assessment Tool to simulate cropland carbon flux: Model development and initial evaluation Zhang, Xuesong; Izaurralde, R. César; Arnold, Jeffrey G. Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 463-464 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.056	journal	October 2013
A regional experiment suggests that soil texture is a major control of N2O emissions from tile-drained winter wheat fields during the fertilization period Gu, Jiangxin; Nicoullaud, Bernard; Rochette, Philippe Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Vol. 60 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.01.029	journal	May 2013
Nutrient transfer in three contrasting NW European watersheds: The Seine, Somme, and Scheldt Rivers. A comparative application of the Seneque/Riverstrahler model Thieu, Vincent; Billen, Gilles; Garnier, Josette Water Research, Vol. 43, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.01.014	journal	April 2009
Controls on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from the Hyporheic Zones of Streams Quick, Annika M.; Reeder, W. Jeffery; Farrell, Tiffany B. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 50, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02680	journal	October 2016
Indirect Nitrous Oxide Emission Factors for Agricultural Field Drains and Headwater Streams Hama-Aziz, Zanist Q.; Hiscock, Kevin M.; Cooper, Richard J. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b05094	journal	December 2016
Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Large, Impounded River: The Ohio River Beaulieu, J. J.; Shuster, W. D.; Rebholz, J. A. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 44, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/es1016735	journal	October 2010
Dissolved Nitrous Oxide Concentrations and Fluxes from the Eutrophic San Joaquin River, California Hinshaw, Sarra E.; Dahlgren, Randy A. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/es301373h	journal	January 2013
Nonlinear Response of Riverine N ₂ O Fluxes to Oxygen and Temperature Venkiteswaran, Jason J.; Rosamond, Madeline S.; Schiff, Sherry L. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/es500069j	journal	January 2014
Evaluation of the Current State of Distributed Watershed Nutrient Water Quality Modeling Wellen, Christopher; Kamran-Disfani, Ahmad-Reza; Arhonditsis, George B. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 49, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/es5049557	journal	February 2015
N ₂ O Emissions from a Nitrogen-Enriched River McMahon, P. B.; Dennehy, K. F. Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/es980645n	journal	January 1999
General model for N ₂ O and N ₂ gas emissions from soils due to dentrification Del Grosso, S. J.; Parton, W. J.; Mosier, A. R. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GB001225	journal	December 2000
A process-oriented model of N ₂ O and NO emissions from forest soils: 1. Model development Li, Changsheng; Aber, John; Stange, Florian Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 105, Issue D4 https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900949	journal	February 2000
The NOAA nitrous oxide standard scale for atmospheric observations Hall, B. D.; Dutton, G. S.; Elkins, J. W. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue D9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007954	journal	January 2007
Riverine N ₂ O concentrations, exports to estuary and emissions to atmosphere from the Changjiang River in response to increasing nitrogen loads : RIVERINE N Yan, Weijin; Yang, Libiao; Wang, Fang Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 26, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GB003984	journal	October 2012
Nitrogen enrichment and the emission of nitrous oxide from streams: NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM STREAMS Baulch, Helen M.; Schiff, Sherry L.; Maranger, Roxane Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 25, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004047	journal	December 2011
Regional sources of nitrous oxide over the United States: Seasonal variation and spatial distribution: UNITED STATES NITROUS OXIDE SOURCES Miller, S. M.; Kort, E. A.; Hirsch, A. I. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D6 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016951	journal	March 2012
A semianalytical three-dimensional process-based model for hyporheic nitrogen dynamics in gravel bed rivers: DIN DYNAMICS IN THE HYPORHEIC ZONE Marzadri, Alessandra; Tonina, Daniele; Bellin, Alberto Water Resources Research, Vol. 47, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR010583	journal	November 2011
Coupling landscape water storage and supplemental irrigation to increase productivity and improve environmental stewardship in the U.S. Midwest: LANDSCAPE WATER STORAGE AND SUPPLEMENTAL IRRIGATION Baker, John M.; Griffis, Timothy J.; Ochsner, Tyson E. Water Resources Research, Vol. 48, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011780	journal	May 2012
Reactive greenhouse gas scenarios: Systematic exploration of uncertainties and the role of atmospheric chemistry: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND GREENHOUSE GASES Prather, Michael J.; Holmes, Christopher D.; Hsu, Juno Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 39, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL051440	journal	May 2012
Effect of stream channel size on the delivery of nitrogen to the Gulf of Mexico Alexander, Richard B.; Smith, Richard A.; Schwarz, Gregory E. Nature, Vol. 403, Issue 6771 https://doi.org/10.1038/35001562	journal	February 2000
Global agriculture and nitrous oxide emissions Reay, Dave S.; Davidson, Eric A.; Smith, Keith A. Nature Climate Change, Vol. 2, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1458	journal	May 2012
Dependence of riverine nitrous oxide emissions on dissolved oxygen levels Rosamond, Madeline S.; Thuss, Simon J.; Schiff, Sherry L. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 5, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1556	journal	August 2012
Nitrous oxide sinks and emissions in boreal aquatic networks in Québec Soued, C.; del Giorgio, P. A.; Maranger, R. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2611	journal	December 2015
Nitrous oxide emission from agricultural drainage waters Reay, David S.; Smith, Keith A.; Edwards, Anthony C. Global Change Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00584.x	journal	February 2003
Status of Automatic Calibration for Hydrologic Models: Comparison with Multilevel Expert Calibration Gupta, Hoshin Vijai; Sorooshian, Soroosh; Yapo, Patrice Ogou Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(1999)4:2(135)	journal	April 1999
Nitrous oxide emission from denitrification in stream and river networks Beaulieu, Jake J.; Tank, Jennifer L.; Hamilton, Stephen K. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1011464108	journal	December 2010
Indirect nitrous oxide emissions from streams within the US Corn Belt scale with stream order Turner, Peter A.; Griffis, Timothy J.; Lee, Xuhui Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503598112	journal	July 2015
Role of surface and subsurface processes in scaling N ₂ O emissions along riverine networks Marzadri, Alessandra; Dee, Martha M.; Tonina, Daniele Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1617454114	journal	April 2017
Nitrous oxide emissions are enhanced in a warmer and wetter world Griffis, Timothy J.; Chen, Zichong; Baker, John M. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1704552114	journal	October 2017
Diurnal patterns of denitrification, oxygen consumption and nitrous oxide production in rivers measured at the whole-reach scale Laursen, Andrew E.; Seitzinger, Sybil P. Freshwater Biology, Vol. 49, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01280.x	journal	November 2004
Night and day: short-term variation in nitrogen chemistry and nitrous oxide emissions from streams: Diel variation in stream nitrogen Baulch, Helen M.; Dillon, Peter J.; Maranger, Roxane Freshwater Biology, Vol. 57, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02720.x	journal	December 2011
Comparison of measured and EF5-r-derived N2O fluxes from a spring-fed river Clough, Tim J.; Bertram, Janet E.; Sherlock, Robert R. Global Change Biology, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01089.x	journal	February 2006
Comparison of measured and EF5-r-derived N ₂ O fluxes from a spring-fed river: RIVER N ₂ O FLUXES AND EF5-R Clough, Tim J.; Bertram, Janet E.; Sherlock, Robert R. Global Change Biology, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01092.x	journal	January 2006
Diurnal fluctuations of dissolved nitrous oxide (N ₂ O) concentrations and estimates of N ₂ O emissions from a spring-fed river: implications for IPCC methodology Clough, Tim J.; Buckthought, Laura E.; Kelliher, Francis M. Global Change Biology, Vol. 13, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01337.x	journal	May 2007
The effect of soil texture and soil drainage on emissions of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide Skiba, U.; Ball, B. Soil Use and Management, Vol. 18, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00050.x	journal	March 2002
The role of carbon dioxide in climate forcing from 1979 to 2004: introduction of the Annual Greenhouse Gas Index Hofmann, D. J.; Butler, J. H.; Dlugokencky, E. J. Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, Vol. 58, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00201.x	journal	January 2006
Large area Hydrologic Modeling and Assessment part i: Model Development Arnold, J. G.; Srinivasan, R.; Muttiah, R. S. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 34, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb05961.x	journal	February 1998
Nitrous Oxide (N2O): The Dominant Ozone-Depleting Substance Emitted in the 21st Century Ravishankara, A. R.; Daniel, J. S.; Portmann, R. W. Science, Vol. 326, Issue 5949 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1176985	journal	August 2009
Scaling the gas transfer velocity and hydraulic geometry in streams and small rivers: Gas transfer velocity and hydraulic geometry Raymond, Peter A.; Zappa, Christopher J.; Butman, David Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1215/21573689-1597669	journal	April 2012
Model Evaluation Guidelines for Systematic Quantification of Accuracy in Watershed Simulations Transactions of the ASABE, Vol. 50, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.23153	journal	January 2007
Multi-Site Calibration of the SWAT Model for Hydrologic Modeling Transactions of the ASABE, Vol. 51, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.25407	journal	January 2008
SWAT: Model Use, Calibration, and Validation Transactions of the ASABE, Vol. 55, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.42256	journal	January 2012
From the Ground Up: Global Nitrous Oxide Sources are Constrained by Stable Isotope Values Snider, David M.; Venkiteswaran, Jason J.; Schiff, Sherry L. PLOS ONE, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118954	journal	March 2015
Coupled Cycles of Dissolved Oxygen and Nitrous Oxide in Rivers along a Trophic Gradient in Southern Ontario, Canada Rosamond, Madeline S.; Thuss, Simon J.; Schiff, Sherry L. Journal of Environment Quality, Vol. 40, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2010.0009	journal	January 2011
Nitrous Oxide Dynamics in a Braided River System, New Zealand Clough, T. J.; Buckthought, L. E.; Casciotti, K. L. Journal of Environment Quality, Vol. 40, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2010.0527	journal	January 2011
Simulated Effects of Soil Texture on Nitrous Oxide Emission Factors from Corn and Soybean Agroecosystems in Wisconsin Gaillard, Richard; Duval, Benjamin D.; Osterholz, William R. Journal of Environment Quality, Vol. 45, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2016.03.0112	journal	January 2016
A General Model for Soil Organic Matter Dynamics: Sensitivity to Litter Chemistry, Texture and Management Parton, William J.; Ojima, Dennis S.; Cole, C. Vernon Quantitative Modeling of Soil Forming Processes https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub39.c9	book	September 1994
The role of carbon dioxide in climate forcing from 1979 to 2004: introduction of the Annual Greenhouse Gas Index Hofmann, D. J.; Butler, J. H.; Dlugokencky, E. J. Tellus B, Vol. 58, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v58i5.16896	journal	November 2006
Global and regional emissions estimates for N ₂ O Saikawa, E.; Prinn, R. G.; Dlugokencky, E. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4617-2014	journal	January 2014
Scaling the gas transfer velocity and hydraulic geometry in streams and small rivers Raymond, Peter A.; Zappa, Christopher J.; Butman, David Columbia University https://doi.org/10.7916/d8125sjm	text	January 2012

Cited By (1)

Coregulation of nitrous oxide emissions by nitrogen and temperature in China's third largest freshwater lake (Lake Taihu) Xiao, Qitao; Xu, Xiaofeng; Zhang, Mi Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 64, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11098	journal	November 2018

Similar Records

On the emergent scale of bedrock groundwater contribution to headwater mountain streams

Journal Article · 2025 · Frontiers in Water · OSTI ID:3005530

von Trapp, Isabellah; Jencso, Kelsey G.; Hoylman, Zachary H.; +2 more

Tracing the source of soil organic matter eroded from temperate forest catchments using carbon and nitrogen isotopes

Journal Article · 2016 · Chemical Geology · OSTI ID:1368004

McCorkle, Emma P.; Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw; Hunsaker, Carolyn T.; +4 more

Dynamics of streamflow permanence in a headwater network: Insights from catchment-scale model simulations

Journal Article · 2023 · Journal of Hydrology · OSTI ID:2425647

Mahoney, D. T.; Christensen, J. R.; Golden, H. E.; +9 more

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Corn Belt
Little Cannon River
SWAT
hot moments
hot spots
nitrous oxide

Title: A Modeling Study of Direct and Indirect N2O Emissions From a Representative Catchment in the U.S. Corn Belt

Citation Formats

References (71)

Cited By (1)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Title: A Modeling Study of Direct and Indirect N₂O Emissions From a Representative Catchment in the U.S. Corn Belt