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Title: A production-tagged aerosol module for Earth system models, OsloAero5.3 – extensions and updates for CAM5.3-Oslo

Abstract

Abstract. We document model updates and present and discuss modeling and validation results from a further developed production-tagged aerosol module, OsloAero5.3, for use in Earth system models. The aerosol module has in this study been implemented and applied in CAM5.3-Oslo. This model is based on CAM5.3–CESM1.2 and its own predecessor model version CAM4-Oslo. OsloAero5.3 has improved treatment of emissions, aerosol chemistry, particle life cycle, and aerosol–cloud interactions compared to its predecessor OsloAero4.0 in CAM4-Oslo. The main new features consist of improved aerosol sources; the module now explicitly accounts for aerosol particle nucleation and secondary organic aerosol production, with new emissions schemes also for sea salt, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and marine primary organics. Mineral dust emissions are updated as well, adopting the formulation of CESM1.2. The improved model representation of aerosol–cloud interactions now resolves heterogeneous ice nucleation based on black carbon (BC) and mineral dust calculated by the model and treats the activation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) as in CAM5.3. Compared to OsloAero4.0 in CAM4-Oslo, the black carbon (BC) mass concentrations are less excessive aloft, with a better fit to observations. Near-surface mass concentrations of BC and sea salt aerosols are also less biased, while sulfate and mineral dust aremore » slightly more biased. Although appearing quite similar for CAM5.3-Oslo and CAM4-Oslo, the validation results for organic matter (OM) are inconclusive, since both of the respective versions of OsloAero are equipped with a limited number of OM tracers for the sake of computational efficiency. Any information about the assumed mass ratios of OM to organic carbon (OC) for different types of OM sources is lost in the transport module. Assuming that observed OC concentrations scaled by 1.4 are representative for the modeled OM concentrations, CAM5.3-Oslo with OsloAero5.3 is slightly inferior for the very sparsely available observation data. Comparing clear-sky column-integrated optical properties with data from ground-based remote sensing, we find a negative bias in optical depth globally; however, it is not as strong as in CAM4-Oslo, but has positive biases in some areas typically dominated by mineral dust emissions. Aerosol absorption has a larger negative bias than the optical depth globally. This is reflected in a lower positive bias in areas where mineral dust is the main contributor to absorption. Globally, the low bias in absorption is smaller than in CAM4-Oslo. The Ångström parameter exhibits small biases both globally and regionally, suggesting that the aerosol particle sizes are reasonably well represented. Cloud-top droplet number concentrations over oceans are generally underestimated compared to satellite retrievals, but seem to be overestimated downwind of major emissions of dust and biomass burning sources. Finally, we find small changes in direct radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, while the cloud radiative forcing due to anthropogenic aerosols is now more negative than in CAM4-Oslo, being on the strong side compared to the multi-model estimate in IPCC AR5. Although not all validation results in this study show improvement for the present CAM5.3-Oslo version, the extended and updated aerosol module OsloAero5.3 is more advanced and applicable than its predecessor OsloAero4.0, as it includes new parameterizations that more readily facilitate sensitivity and process studies and use in climate and Earth system model studies in general.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7];  [1];  [1];  [8]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Norwegian Meteorological Inst., Oslo (Norway)
  2. CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo (Norway); Univ. of Oslo, Oslo (Norway)
  3. Univ. of Oslo, Oslo (Norway)
  4. Stockholm Univ., Stockholm (Sweden)
  5. Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY (United States)
  6. Univ. of Helsinki, Helsinki (Finland); Finnish Meteorological Inst., Helsinki (Finland)
  7. Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen (Norway)
  8. Norwegian Meteorological Inst., Oslo (Norway); CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo (Norway)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1544107
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Geoscientific Model Development (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Geoscientific Model Development (Online); Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 1991-9603
Publisher:
European Geosciences Union
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Geology

Citation Formats

Kirkevåg, Alf, Grini, Alf, Olivié, Dirk, Seland, Øyvind, Alterskjær, Kari, Hummel, Matthias, Karset, Inger H. H., Lewinschal, Anna, Liu, Xiaohong, Makkonen, Risto, Bethke, Ingo, Griesfeller, Jan, Schulz, Michael, and Iversen, Trond. A production-tagged aerosol module for Earth system models, OsloAero5.3 – extensions and updates for CAM5.3-Oslo. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.5194/gmd-11-3945-2018.
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Kirkevåg, Alf, Grini, Alf, Olivié, Dirk, Seland, Øyvind, Alterskjær, Kari, Hummel, Matthias, Karset, Inger H. H., Lewinschal, Anna, Liu, Xiaohong, Makkonen, Risto, Bethke, Ingo, Griesfeller, Jan, Schulz, Michael, & Iversen, Trond. A production-tagged aerosol module for Earth system models, OsloAero5.3 – extensions and updates for CAM5.3-Oslo. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3945-2018
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Kirkevåg, Alf, Grini, Alf, Olivié, Dirk, Seland, Øyvind, Alterskjær, Kari, Hummel, Matthias, Karset, Inger H. H., Lewinschal, Anna, Liu, Xiaohong, Makkonen, Risto, Bethke, Ingo, Griesfeller, Jan, Schulz, Michael, and Iversen, Trond. Mon . "A production-tagged aerosol module for Earth system models, OsloAero5.3 – extensions and updates for CAM5.3-Oslo". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3945-2018. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1544107.
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@article{osti_1544107,
title = {A production-tagged aerosol module for Earth system models, OsloAero5.3 – extensions and updates for CAM5.3-Oslo},
author = {Kirkevåg, Alf and Grini, Alf and Olivié, Dirk and Seland, Øyvind and Alterskjær, Kari and Hummel, Matthias and Karset, Inger H. H. and Lewinschal, Anna and Liu, Xiaohong and Makkonen, Risto and Bethke, Ingo and Griesfeller, Jan and Schulz, Michael and Iversen, Trond},
abstractNote = {Abstract. We document model updates and present and discuss modeling and validation results from a further developed production-tagged aerosol module, OsloAero5.3, for use in Earth system models. The aerosol module has in this study been implemented and applied in CAM5.3-Oslo. This model is based on CAM5.3–CESM1.2 and its own predecessor model version CAM4-Oslo. OsloAero5.3 has improved treatment of emissions, aerosol chemistry, particle life cycle, and aerosol–cloud interactions compared to its predecessor OsloAero4.0 in CAM4-Oslo. The main new features consist of improved aerosol sources; the module now explicitly accounts for aerosol particle nucleation and secondary organic aerosol production, with new emissions schemes also for sea salt, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and marine primary organics. Mineral dust emissions are updated as well, adopting the formulation of CESM1.2. The improved model representation of aerosol–cloud interactions now resolves heterogeneous ice nucleation based on black carbon (BC) and mineral dust calculated by the model and treats the activation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) as in CAM5.3. Compared to OsloAero4.0 in CAM4-Oslo, the black carbon (BC) mass concentrations are less excessive aloft, with a better fit to observations. Near-surface mass concentrations of BC and sea salt aerosols are also less biased, while sulfate and mineral dust are slightly more biased. Although appearing quite similar for CAM5.3-Oslo and CAM4-Oslo, the validation results for organic matter (OM) are inconclusive, since both of the respective versions of OsloAero are equipped with a limited number of OM tracers for the sake of computational efficiency. Any information about the assumed mass ratios of OM to organic carbon (OC) for different types of OM sources is lost in the transport module. Assuming that observed OC concentrations scaled by 1.4 are representative for the modeled OM concentrations, CAM5.3-Oslo with OsloAero5.3 is slightly inferior for the very sparsely available observation data. Comparing clear-sky column-integrated optical properties with data from ground-based remote sensing, we find a negative bias in optical depth globally; however, it is not as strong as in CAM4-Oslo, but has positive biases in some areas typically dominated by mineral dust emissions. Aerosol absorption has a larger negative bias than the optical depth globally. This is reflected in a lower positive bias in areas where mineral dust is the main contributor to absorption. Globally, the low bias in absorption is smaller than in CAM4-Oslo. The Ångström parameter exhibits small biases both globally and regionally, suggesting that the aerosol particle sizes are reasonably well represented. Cloud-top droplet number concentrations over oceans are generally underestimated compared to satellite retrievals, but seem to be overestimated downwind of major emissions of dust and biomass burning sources. Finally, we find small changes in direct radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, while the cloud radiative forcing due to anthropogenic aerosols is now more negative than in CAM4-Oslo, being on the strong side compared to the multi-model estimate in IPCC AR5. Although not all validation results in this study show improvement for the present CAM5.3-Oslo version, the extended and updated aerosol module OsloAero5.3 is more advanced and applicable than its predecessor OsloAero4.0, as it includes new parameterizations that more readily facilitate sensitivity and process studies and use in climate and Earth system model studies in general.},
doi = {10.5194/gmd-11-3945-2018},
journal = {Geoscientific Model Development (Online)},
number = 10,
volume = 11,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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What controls the vertical distribution of aerosol? Relationships between process sensitivity in HadGEM3–UKCA and inter-model variation from AeroCom Phase II
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Aerosol-cloud-climate interactions in the climate model CAM-Oslo
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An empirically derived inorganic sea spray source function incorporating sea surface temperature
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Analysis and quantification of the diversities of aerosol life cycles within AeroCom
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Technical Note: Estimating aerosol effects on cloud radiative forcing
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Constraints on aerosol processes in climate models from vertically-resolved aircraft observations of black carbon
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Strong impacts on aerosol indirect effects from historical oxidant changes
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Description and evaluation of GLOMAP-mode: a modal global aerosol microphysics model for the UKCA composition-climate model
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