Hydration of gadolinium oxide ( GdOx ) and its effect on voltage-induced Co oxidation in a Pt/Co/GdOx/Au heterostructure

Tan, Aik Jun; Huang, Mantao; Sheffels, Sara; Büttner, Felix; Kim, Sunho; Hunt, Adrian H.; Waluyo, Iradwikanari; Tuller, Harry L.; Beach, Geoffrey S.  D.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.3.064408

Title: Hydration of gadolinium oxide ( $Gd O_{x}$ ) and its effect on voltage-induced Co oxidation in a $Pt / Co / Gd O_{x} / Au$ heterostructure

Journal Article · 17 June 2019 · Physical Review Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.3.064408 · OSTI ID:1543413

Tan, Aik Jun ^[1]; Huang, Mantao ^[1]; Sheffels, Sara ^[1]; Büttner, Felix ^[2]; Kim, Sunho ^[1]; Hunt, Adrian H. ^[3]; Waluyo, Iradwikanari ^[3]; Tuller, Harry L. ^[1]; Beach, Geoffrey S. D. ^[1]

Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)

Magneto-ionic control of magnetism has garnered great interest in recent years due to the large magnetic changes that can be induced using a relatively small voltage. One model structure for this is Pt/Co/GdO_x/Au , where Co is the magnetic layer and GdO_x is the ionic conductor, with the magnetic properties dependent on the oxidation state of Co. While this structure is commonly used, there is limited understanding of the effect of GdO_x properties on voltage-induced magnetic changes. In this work, we show that hydration of Gd₂O₃ to form Gd(OH)₃ is crucial for voltage-induced Co oxidation in a Pt/Co/GdO_x/Au device. By examining the rate of Co oxidation in nonhydrated and hydrated devices, we conclude that H₂O in the GdO_x layer acts as an oxidant during the voltage-induced Co oxidation process. Co oxidation through this interfacial reaction process is confirmed by in situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1543413

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1526659

Report Number(s):: BNL-211908-2019-JAAM; PRMHAR

Journal Information:: Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 6; ISSN 2475-9953

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 20 works

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