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Title: Thermal tensor renormalization group simulations of square-lattice quantum spin models

Abstract

In this work, we benchmark the well-controlled and numerically accurate exponential thermal tensor renormalization group (XTRG) in the simulation of interacting spin models in two dimensions. Finite temperature introduces a finite thermal correlation length ξ, such that for system sizes L >> ξ finite-size calculations actually simulate the thermodynamic limit. Here in this paper, we focus on the square lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet (SLH) and quantum Ising models (QIM) on open and cylindrical geometries up to width W = 10 . We explore various one-dimensional mapping paths in the matrix product operator (MPO) representation, whose performance is clearly shown to be geometry dependent. We benchmark against quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) data, yet also the series-expansion thermal tensor network results. Thermal properties including the internal energy, specific heat, and spin structure factors, etc. are computed with high precision, obtaining excellent agreement with QMC results. XTRG also allows us to reach remarkably low temperatures. For SLH, we obtain an energy per site u$$^*_g$$ ≃ -0.6694 (4) and a spontaneous magnetization m$$^*_S$$ ≃ 0.30 ( 1 ) already consistent with the ground-state properties, which is obtained from extrapolated low-T thermal data on W ≤ 8 cylinders and W ≤ 10 open strips, respectively. We extract an exponential divergence versus T of the structure factor S (M), as well as the correlation length ξ, at the ordering wave vector M = ($π,π$) , which represents the renormalized classical behavior and can be observed over a narrow but appreciable temperature window, by analyzing the finite-size data by XTRG simulations. For the QIM with a finite-temperature phase transition, we employ several thermal quantities, including the specific heat, Binder ratio, as well as the MPO entanglement to determine the critical temperature $$T_c$$.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Beihang Univ., Beijing (China)
  2. Beihang Univ., Beijing (China); Ludwig-Maximilians-Univ., München (Germany)
  3. Ludwig-Maximilians-Univ., München (Germany)
  4. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Ludwig-Maximilians-Univ., München (Germany)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1543401
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1546376
Report Number(s):
BNL-211858-2019-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950; PRBMDO
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0012704
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review B
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 100; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats

Li, Han, Chen, Bin-Bin, Chen, Ziyu, von Delft, Jan, Weichselbaum, Andreas, and Li, Wei. Thermal tensor renormalization group simulations of square-lattice quantum spin models. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.100.045110.
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Li, Han, Chen, Bin-Bin, Chen, Ziyu, von Delft, Jan, Weichselbaum, Andreas, & Li, Wei. Thermal tensor renormalization group simulations of square-lattice quantum spin models. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.045110
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Li, Han, Chen, Bin-Bin, Chen, Ziyu, von Delft, Jan, Weichselbaum, Andreas, and Li, Wei. Tue . "Thermal tensor renormalization group simulations of square-lattice quantum spin models". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.045110. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1543401.
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@article{osti_1543401,
title = {Thermal tensor renormalization group simulations of square-lattice quantum spin models},
author = {Li, Han and Chen, Bin-Bin and Chen, Ziyu and von Delft, Jan and Weichselbaum, Andreas and Li, Wei},
abstractNote = {In this work, we benchmark the well-controlled and numerically accurate exponential thermal tensor renormalization group (XTRG) in the simulation of interacting spin models in two dimensions. Finite temperature introduces a finite thermal correlation length ξ, such that for system sizes L >> ξ finite-size calculations actually simulate the thermodynamic limit. Here in this paper, we focus on the square lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet (SLH) and quantum Ising models (QIM) on open and cylindrical geometries up to width W = 10 . We explore various one-dimensional mapping paths in the matrix product operator (MPO) representation, whose performance is clearly shown to be geometry dependent. We benchmark against quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) data, yet also the series-expansion thermal tensor network results. Thermal properties including the internal energy, specific heat, and spin structure factors, etc. are computed with high precision, obtaining excellent agreement with QMC results. XTRG also allows us to reach remarkably low temperatures. For SLH, we obtain an energy per site u$^*_g$ ≃ -0.6694 (4) and a spontaneous magnetization m$^*_S$ ≃ 0.30 ( 1 ) already consistent with the ground-state properties, which is obtained from extrapolated low-T thermal data on W ≤ 8 cylinders and W ≤ 10 open strips, respectively. We extract an exponential divergence versus T of the structure factor S (M), as well as the correlation length ξ, at the ordering wave vector M = ($π,π$) , which represents the renormalized classical behavior and can be observed over a narrow but appreciable temperature window, by analyzing the finite-size data by XTRG simulations. For the QIM with a finite-temperature phase transition, we employ several thermal quantities, including the specific heat, Binder ratio, as well as the MPO entanglement to determine the critical temperature $T_c$.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.100.045110},
journal = {Physical Review B},
number = 4,
volume = 100,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {7}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.045110
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Cited by: 3 works
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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1 FIG. 1: Various MPO paths utilized in XTRG simulations that map the 2D lattices into quasi-1D system with long-range interactions, including (a) the snakelike, (b) zigzag, (c) diagonal, and (d) slash paths. The line width visualizes the low-temperature bond entanglement $S_E$ along the MPO obtained on the $OS 6 ×more » 6$ and $OS 6 × 12$ lattices (at $T ≃ 0.06$), where we used a width of $w = (4S_E − 11)$ pts , yet enforcing w ≥ 1 for visibility.« less
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