Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect
Abstract
An intriguing property of a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) is the existence of surface states with spin-momentum locking, which offers a new frontier of exploration in spintronics. In this work, we report the observation of a new type of Hall effect in a 3D TI $$\mathrm{Bi_2Se_3}$$ film. The Hall resistance scales linearly with both the applied electric and magnetic fields and exhibits a $$\pi/2$$ angle offset with respect to its longitudinal counterpart, in contrast to the usual angle offset of $$\pi/4$$ between the linear planar Hall effect and the anisotropic magnetoresistance. This novel nonlinear planar Hall effect originates from the conversion of a nonlinear transverse spin current to a charge current due to the concerted actions of spin-momentum locking and time-reversal symmetry breaking, which also exists in a wide class of noncentrosymmetric materials with a large span of magnitude. Finally, it provides a new way to characterize and utilize the nonlinear spin-to-charge conversion in a variety of topological quantum materials.
- Authors:
-
- National Univ. of Singapore (Singapore). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and National Univ. of Singapore Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Initiative (NUSNNI)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division; Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division
- Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1543281
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1546420
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357; R-263-000-D61-114; A18A6b0057
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 123; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Citation Formats
He, Pan, Zhang, Steven S. -L., Zhu, Dapeng, Shi, Shuyuan, Heinonen, Olle G., Vignale, Giovanni, and Yang, Hyunsoo. Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.016801.
He, Pan, Zhang, Steven S. -L., Zhu, Dapeng, Shi, Shuyuan, Heinonen, Olle G., Vignale, Giovanni, & Yang, Hyunsoo. Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect. United States. doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.016801
He, Pan, Zhang, Steven S. -L., Zhu, Dapeng, Shi, Shuyuan, Heinonen, Olle G., Vignale, Giovanni, and Yang, Hyunsoo. Mon .
"Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect". United States. doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.016801. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1543281.
@article{osti_1543281,
title = {Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect},
author = {He, Pan and Zhang, Steven S. -L. and Zhu, Dapeng and Shi, Shuyuan and Heinonen, Olle G. and Vignale, Giovanni and Yang, Hyunsoo},
abstractNote = {An intriguing property of a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) is the existence of surface states with spin-momentum locking, which offers a new frontier of exploration in spintronics. In this work, we report the observation of a new type of Hall effect in a 3D TI $\mathrm{Bi_2Se_3}$ film. The Hall resistance scales linearly with both the applied electric and magnetic fields and exhibits a $\pi/2$ angle offset with respect to its longitudinal counterpart, in contrast to the usual angle offset of $\pi/4$ between the linear planar Hall effect and the anisotropic magnetoresistance. This novel nonlinear planar Hall effect originates from the conversion of a nonlinear transverse spin current to a charge current due to the concerted actions of spin-momentum locking and time-reversal symmetry breaking, which also exists in a wide class of noncentrosymmetric materials with a large span of magnitude. Finally, it provides a new way to characterize and utilize the nonlinear spin-to-charge conversion in a variety of topological quantum materials.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.016801},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 1,
volume = 123,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {7}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 2 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Spin galvanic effect at the conducting SrTiO 3 surfaces
journal, December 2016
- Zhang, Wenxu; Wang, Qiuru; Peng, Bin
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 26
Giant spin splitting of the two-dimensional electron gas at the surface of SrTiO3
journal, October 2014
- Santander-Syro, A. F.; Fortuna, F.; Bareille, C.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 12
Unidirectional spin-Hall and Rashba−Edelstein magnetoresistance in topological insulator-ferromagnet layer heterostructures
journal, January 2018
- Lv, Yang; Kally, James; Zhang, Delin
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Switching by topological insulators
journal, July 2018
- Pai, Chi-Feng
- Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 9
Theory of electron-gas Rashba interactions
journal, July 2013
- Khalsa, Guru; Lee, Byounghak; MacDonald, A. H.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 4
On a New Action of the Magnet on Electric Currents
journal, September 1879
- Hall, E. H.
- American Journal of Mathematics, Vol. 2, Issue 3
Superconducting pairing of topological surface states in bismuth selenide films on niobium
journal, April 2018
- Flötotto, David; Ota, Yuichi; Bai, Yang
- Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 4
Large, non-saturating magnetoresistance in WTe2
journal, September 2014
- Ali, Mazhar N.; Xiong, Jun; Flynn, Steven
- Nature, Vol. 514, Issue 7521
The van der Waals epitaxy of Bi 2 Se 3 on the vicinal Si(111) surface: an approach for preparing high-quality thin films of a topological insulator
journal, October 2010
- Li, H. D.; Wang, Z. Y.; Kan, X.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 10
Anisotropic magneto-transport properties of electron gases at SrTiO 3 (111) and (110) surfaces
journal, December 2016
- Miao, Ludi; Du, Renzhong; Yin, Yuewei
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 26
Theory of bilinear magneto-electric resistance from topological-insulator surface states
conference, September 2018
- Zhang, Shulei; Vignale, Giovanni
- Spintronics XI
Critical Behavior of a Strongly Interacting 2D Electron System
journal, August 2012
- Mokashi, A.; Li, S.; Wen, B.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 9
Unidirectional spin Hall magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/normal metal bilayers
journal, June 2015
- Avci, Can Onur; Garello, Kevin; Ghosh, Abhijit
- Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 7
Giant Spin Pumping and Inverse Spin Hall Effect in the Presence of Surface and Bulk Spin−Orbit Coupling of Topological Insulator Bi 2 Se 3
journal, September 2015
- Jamali, Mahdi; Lee, Joon Sue; Jeong, Jong Seok
- Nano Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 10
Experimental Realization of a Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator, Bi2Te3
journal, June 2009
- Chen, Y. L.; Analytis, J. G.; Chu, J.-H.
- Science, Vol. 325, Issue 5937, p. 178-181
Room-Temperature Spin-Orbit Torque Switching Induced by a Topological Insulator
journal, August 2017
- Han, Jiahao; Richardella, A.; Siddiqui, Saima A.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 7
Large Unidirectional Magnetoresistance in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
journal, September 2016
- Yasuda, K.; Tsukazaki, A.; Yoshimi, R.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 12
Surface-Dominated Conduction in a 6 nm thick Bi 2 Se 3 Thin Film
journal, February 2012
- He, Liang; Xiu, Faxian; Yu, Xinxin
- Nano Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 3
Nonlinear spin current generation in noncentrosymmetric spin-orbit coupled systems
journal, June 2017
- Hamamoto, Keita; Ezawa, Motohiko; Kim, Kun Woo
- Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 22
Continuous Tuning of the Magnitude and Direction of Spin-Orbit Torque Using Bilayer Heavy Metals
journal, August 2016
- He, Pan; Qiu, Xuepeng; Zhang, Vanessa L.
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 9
Electrical detection of magnetization reversal without auxiliary magnets
journal, May 2015
- Olejník, K.; Novák, V.; Wunderlich, J.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 18
Experimental Evidence of Cubic Rashba Effect in an Inversion-Symmetric Oxide
journal, May 2012
- Nakamura, H.; Koga, T.; Kimura, T.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 20
Spin Polarization and Transport of Surface States in the Topological Insulators and from First Principles
journal, December 2010
- Yazyev, Oleg V.; Moore, Joel E.; Louie, Steven G.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 26
Origin of the Planar Hall Effect in Nanocrystalline
journal, August 2011
- Seemann, K. M.; Freimuth, F.; Zhang, H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 8
Observation of inverse spin Hall effect in bismuth selenide
journal, September 2014
- Deorani, Praveen; Son, Jaesung; Banerjee, Karan
- Physical Review B, Vol. 90, Issue 9
Room-temperature high spin–orbit torque due to quantum confinement in sputtered BixSe(1–x) films
journal, July 2018
- Dc, Mahendra; Grassi, Roberto; Chen, Jun-Yang
- Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 9
Thickness-Independent Transport Channels in Topological Insulator Thin Films
journal, September 2012
- Bansal, Namrata; Kim, Yong Seung; Brahlek, Matthew
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 11
Spin-transfer torque generated by a topological insulator
journal, July 2014
- Mellnik, A. R.; Lee, J. S.; Richardella, A.
- Nature, Vol. 511, Issue 7510
Hexagonal Warping Effects in the Surface States of the Topological Insulator
journal, December 2009
- Fu, Liang
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 26
Quantum Nonlinear Hall Effect Induced by Berry Curvature Dipole in Time-Reversal Invariant Materials
journal, November 2015
- Sodemann, Inti; Fu, Liang
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 21
Superconductivity in and its Implications for Pairing in the Undoped Topological Insulator
journal, February 2010
- Hor, Y. S.; Williams, A. J.; Checkelsky, J. G.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 5
Room Temperature Electrical Detection of Spin Polarized Currents in Topological Insulators
journal, November 2015
- Dankert, André; Geurs, Johannes; Kamalakar, M. Venkata
- Nano Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 12
Enhanced spin Seebeck effect signal due to spin-momentum locked topological surface states
journal, May 2016
- Jiang, Zilong; Chang, Cui-Zu; Masir, Massoud Ramezani
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Magnetism, Spin Texture, and In-Gap States: Atomic Specialization at the Surface of Oxygen-Deficient
journal, April 2016
- Altmeyer, Michaela; Jeschke, Harald O.; Hijano-Cubelos, Oliver
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 15
Signature of Strong Spin-Orbital Coupling in the Large Nonsaturating Magnetoresistance Material
journal, October 2015
- Jiang, J.; Tang, F.; Pan, X. C.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 16
A tunable topological insulator in the spin helical Dirac transport regime
journal, July 2009
- Hsieh, D.; Xia, Y.; Qian, D.
- Nature, Vol. 460, Issue 7259
Observation of topological surface state quantum Hall effect in an intrinsic three-dimensional topological insulator
journal, November 2014
- Xu, Yang; Miotkowski, Ireneusz; Liu, Chang
- Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 12
Two-dimensional electron gas with universal subbands at the surface of SrTiO3
journal, January 2011
- Santander-Syro, A. F.; Copie, O.; Kondo, T.
- Nature, Vol. 469, Issue 7329, p. 189-193
Layer-dependent quantum cooperation of electron and hole states in the anomalous semimetal WTe2
journal, February 2016
- Das, Pranab Kumar; Di Sante, D.; Vobornik, I.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Theoretical study of the cubic Rashba effect at the (001) surfaces
journal, January 2016
- Shanavas, K. V.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 4
Observation of a Warped Helical Spin Texture in from Circular Dichroism Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
journal, November 2011
- Wang, Y. H.; Hsieh, D.; Pilon, D.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 20
Spin texture in type-II Weyl semimetal
journal, November 2016
- Feng, Baojie; Chan, Yang-Hao; Feng, Ya
- Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 19
Blue-light emission at room temperature from Ar+-irradiated SrTiO3
journal, October 2005
- Kan, Daisuke; Terashima, Takahito; Kanda, Ryoko
- Nature Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 11
Creation and control of a two-dimensional electron liquid at the bare SrTiO3 surface
journal, January 2011
- Meevasana, W.; King, P. D. C.; He, R. H.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 2
Spin and Charge Transport on the Surface of a Topological Insulator
journal, August 2010
- Burkov, A. A.; Hawthorn, D. G.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 6
Hexagonally Deformed Fermi Surface of the 3D Topological Insulator
journal, August 2010
- Kuroda, K.; Arita, M.; Miyamoto, K.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 7
Observation of Unconventional Quantum Spin Textures in Topological Insulators
journal, February 2009
- Hsieh, D.; Xia, Y.; Wray, L.
- Science, Vol. 323, Issue 5916, p. 919-922
Spin-Electricity Conversion Induced by Spin Injection into Topological Insulators
journal, November 2014
- Shiomi, Y.; Nomura, K.; Kajiwara, Y.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 19
Model Hamiltonian for topological insulators
journal, July 2010
- Liu, Chao-Xing; Qi, Xiao-Liang; Zhang, HaiJun
- Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 4
Colloquium: Topological insulators
journal, November 2010
- Hasan, M. Z.; Kane, C. L.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 4, p. 3045-3067
Spin to Charge Conversion at Room Temperature by Spin Pumping into a New Type of Topological Insulator: -Sn Films
journal, March 2016
- Rojas-Sánchez, J. -C.; Oyarzún, S.; Fu, Y.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 9
Observation of a large-gap topological-insulator class with a single Dirac cone on the surface
journal, May 2009
- Xia, Y.; Qian, D.; Hsieh, D.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 6, p. 398-402
Room temperature magnetization switching in topological insulator-ferromagnet heterostructures by spin-orbit torques
journal, November 2017
- Wang, Yi; Zhu, Dapeng; Wu, Yang
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Bilinear magnetoelectric resistance as a probe of three-dimensional spin texture in topological surface states
journal, February 2018
- He, Pan; Zhang, Steven S. -L.; Zhu, Dapeng
- Nature Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 5
Topological insulators in Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 with a single Dirac cone on the surface
journal, May 2009
- Zhang, Haijun; Liu, Chao-Xing; Qi, Xiao-Liang
- Nature Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 6, p. 438-442
Topological Surface States Originated Spin-Orbit Torques in
journal, June 2015
- Wang, Yi; Deorani, Praveen; Banerjee, Karan
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 25
Gate-Voltage Control of Chemical Potential and Weak Antilocalization in
journal, October 2010
- Chen, J.; Qin, H. J.; Yang, F.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 17
Observation of Out-of-Plane Spin Texture in a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
journal, June 2018
- He, Pan; Walker, S. McKeown; Zhang, Steven S. -L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 26
Planar Hall effect from the surface of topological insulators
journal, November 2017
- Taskin, A. A.; Legg, Henry F.; Yang, Fan
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
A conductive topological insulator with large spin Hall effect for ultralow power spin–orbit torque switching
journal, July 2018
- Khang, Nguyen Huynh Duy; Ueda, Yugo; Hai, Pham Nam
- Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 9
Current-Nonlinear Hall Effect and Spin-Orbit Torque Magnetization Switching in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
journal, September 2017
- Yasuda, K.; Tsukazaki, A.; Yoshimi, R.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 13
Relationship between Fermi surface warping and out-of-plane spin polarization in topological insulators: A view from spin- and angle-resolved photoemission
journal, January 2014
- Nomura, M.; Souma, S.; Takayama, A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 89, Issue 4
Surface-State-Dominated Spin-Charge Current Conversion in Topological-Insulator–Ferromagnetic-Insulator Heterostructures
journal, August 2016
- Wang, Hailong; Kally, James; Lee, Joon Sue
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 7
New perspectives for Rashba spin–orbit coupling
journal, August 2015
- Manchon, A.; Koo, H. C.; Nitta, J.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 9
Works referencing / citing this record:
Planar Hall effect in PtSe 2
journal, February 2020
- Li, Zhaoguo; Xiao, Tingting; Zou, Ruijiao
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 127, Issue 5