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Title: Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect

Abstract

An intriguing property of a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) is the existence of surface states with spin-momentum locking, which offers a new frontier of exploration in spintronics. In this work, we report the observation of a new type of Hall effect in a 3D TI $$\mathrm{Bi_2Se_3}$$ film. The Hall resistance scales linearly with both the applied electric and magnetic fields and exhibits a $$\pi/2$$ angle offset with respect to its longitudinal counterpart, in contrast to the usual angle offset of $$\pi/4$$ between the linear planar Hall effect and the anisotropic magnetoresistance. This novel nonlinear planar Hall effect originates from the conversion of a nonlinear transverse spin current to a charge current due to the concerted actions of spin-momentum locking and time-reversal symmetry breaking, which also exists in a wide class of noncentrosymmetric materials with a large span of magnitude. Finally, it provides a new way to characterize and utilize the nonlinear spin-to-charge conversion in a variety of topological quantum materials.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. National Univ. of Singapore (Singapore). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and National Univ. of Singapore Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Initiative (NUSNNI)
  2. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division; Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  3. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division
  4. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1543281
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1546420
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357; R-263-000-D61-114; A18A6b0057
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review Letters
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 123; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats

He, Pan, Zhang, Steven S. -L., Zhu, Dapeng, Shi, Shuyuan, Heinonen, Olle G., Vignale, Giovanni, and Yang, Hyunsoo. Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.016801.
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He, Pan, Zhang, Steven S. -L., Zhu, Dapeng, Shi, Shuyuan, Heinonen, Olle G., Vignale, Giovanni, & Yang, Hyunsoo. Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.016801
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He, Pan, Zhang, Steven S. -L., Zhu, Dapeng, Shi, Shuyuan, Heinonen, Olle G., Vignale, Giovanni, and Yang, Hyunsoo. Mon . "Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.016801. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1543281.
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@article{osti_1543281,
title = {Nonlinear Planar Hall Effect},
author = {He, Pan and Zhang, Steven S. -L. and Zhu, Dapeng and Shi, Shuyuan and Heinonen, Olle G. and Vignale, Giovanni and Yang, Hyunsoo},
abstractNote = {An intriguing property of a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) is the existence of surface states with spin-momentum locking, which offers a new frontier of exploration in spintronics. In this work, we report the observation of a new type of Hall effect in a 3D TI $\mathrm{Bi_2Se_3}$ film. The Hall resistance scales linearly with both the applied electric and magnetic fields and exhibits a $\pi/2$ angle offset with respect to its longitudinal counterpart, in contrast to the usual angle offset of $\pi/4$ between the linear planar Hall effect and the anisotropic magnetoresistance. This novel nonlinear planar Hall effect originates from the conversion of a nonlinear transverse spin current to a charge current due to the concerted actions of spin-momentum locking and time-reversal symmetry breaking, which also exists in a wide class of noncentrosymmetric materials with a large span of magnitude. Finally, it provides a new way to characterize and utilize the nonlinear spin-to-charge conversion in a variety of topological quantum materials.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.016801},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 1,
volume = 123,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Mon Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.016801
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Cited by: 55 works
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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1 FIG. 1: (a) Schematic illustration of the sample structure. (b) Optical image of a Hall bar. (c) Schematic of the nonlinear planar Hall effect measurements. A sinusoidal current Iω with a frequency of 21 Hz was applied to the Hall bar device, and the out-of-phase (-90°) second harmonic transverse voltagemore » $V^{2ω}_{yx}$ was measured under the presence of an in-plane (xy) magnetic field H. (d) Angle (φ)-dependence of the nonlinear Hall resistance $R^{2ω}_{yx}$ while rotating H with respect to the current direction in a 20 quintuple layer (QL, 1 QL ≈ 1 nm) Bi2Se3 film. A vertical offset was subtracted for clarity. The solid line is a sinφ fit to the data. A linear dependence of the sinusoidal amplitude $ΔR^{2ω}_{yx}$ on the current I (e) and magnetic field H (f). The solid lines are linear fits.« less
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Planar Hall effect in PtSe 2
    journal, February 2020

    • Li, Zhaoguo; Xiao, Tingting; Zou, Ruijiao
    • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 127, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5133809
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      Figures / Tables found in this record:

      FIG. 1 (p. 13)figure
      FIG. 2 (p. 14)figure
      FIG. 3 (p. 15)figure
      TABLE I (p. 16)table
      Fig. S1 (p. 23)figure
      Fig. S2 (p. 25)figure
      Fig. S3 (p. 26)figure
      Fig. S4 (p. 27)figure
      Fig. S5 (p. 29)figure
      Fig. S6 (p. 30)figure
      Fig. S7 (p. 32)figure
      Fig. S8 (p. 33)figure
      Fig. S9 (p. 34)figure
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