Lightweight TiC–(Fe–Al) ceramic–metal composites made in situ by pressureless melt infiltration

doi:10.1007/s10853-019-03792-2

Title: Lightweight TiC–(Fe–Al) ceramic–metal composites made in situ by pressureless melt infiltration

Abstract

Lightweight ceramic–metal (cermet) composites combine stiffness and hardness with fracture toughness and ductility. TiC and Al are ideal pairs among lightweight cermet composites because of their relatively high strength-to-weight ratios, but these materials are difficult to process in solid state or with Al melt infiltration without making an aluminum carbide phase, which is detrimental to mechanical properties. Here, Fe is added to a TiC powder preform to reduce the activity of Al with TiC during Al melt infiltration and to aid in pressing TiC preforms, making a lightweight TiC–(Fe–Al) composite while avoiding other, unwanted phases. The composites are made by first pressing TiC powder mixed with Fe followed by Al melt infiltration; the result is a composite with high TiC content in a two-phase matrix, both of which are Fe–Al-based. The composite has low density, low porosity, high hardness, no detectable Al₄C₃ phase with X-ray diffraction and retains shape well during infiltration.

Authors:

; Edwards, Makayla S.;

;

Publication Date:: 2019-07-01

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1543216

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Materials Science

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 54; Journal Issue: 19; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-2461

Publisher:: Springer

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Ceramic-metal (cermet) composites; Intermetallics; Melt infiltration; TiC

Citation Formats


                    Cramer, Corson L., Edwards, Makayla S., McMurray, Jacob W., Elliott, Amy M., and Lowden, Richard A. Lightweight TiC–(Fe–Al) ceramic–metal composites made in situ by pressureless melt infiltration.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
        Web.  doi:10.1007/s10853-019-03792-2.

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                    Cramer, Corson L., Edwards, Makayla S., McMurray, Jacob W., Elliott, Amy M., & Lowden, Richard A. Lightweight TiC–(Fe–Al) ceramic–metal composites made in situ by pressureless melt infiltration.  United States.  doi:10.1007/s10853-019-03792-2.

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                    Cramer, Corson L., Edwards, Makayla S., McMurray, Jacob W., Elliott, Amy M., and Lowden, Richard A. Mon .  
        "Lightweight TiC–(Fe–Al) ceramic–metal composites made in situ by pressureless melt infiltration".  United States.  doi:10.1007/s10853-019-03792-2.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1543216.

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@article{osti_1543216,

  title        = {Lightweight TiC–(Fe–Al) ceramic–metal composites made in situ by pressureless melt infiltration},

  author       = {Cramer, Corson L. and Edwards, Makayla S. and McMurray, Jacob W. and Elliott, Amy M. and Lowden, Richard A.},

  abstractNote = {Lightweight ceramic–metal (cermet) composites combine stiffness and hardness with fracture toughness and ductility. TiC and Al are ideal pairs among lightweight cermet composites because of their relatively high strength-to-weight ratios, but these materials are difficult to process in solid state or with Al melt infiltration without making an aluminum carbide phase, which is detrimental to mechanical properties. Here, Fe is added to a TiC powder preform to reduce the activity of Al with TiC during Al melt infiltration and to aid in pressing TiC preforms, making a lightweight TiC–(Fe–Al) composite while avoiding other, unwanted phases. The composites are made by first pressing TiC powder mixed with Fe followed by Al melt infiltration; the result is a composite with high TiC content in a two-phase matrix, both of which are Fe–Al-based. The composite has low density, low porosity, high hardness, no detectable Al4C3 phase with X-ray diffraction and retains shape well during infiltration.},

  doi          = {10.1007/s10853-019-03792-2},

  journal      = {Journal of Materials Science},

  number       = 19,

  volume       = 54,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {7}

}

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DOI: 10.1007/s10853-019-03792-2

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Title: Lightweight TiC–(Fe–Al) ceramic–metal composites made in situ by pressureless melt infiltration

Abstract

Citation Formats

Metal-matrix composites for space applications journal, April 2001

Particulate reinforced metal matrix composites — a review journal, January 1991

The wetting of solids by molten metals and its relation to the preparation of metal-matrix composites composites journal, January 1987

TiC–TiB2 composites: A review of phase relationships, processing and properties journal, January 2008

Wetting of Ceramics by Liquid Aluminum journal, July 1970

Wetting of TiC by molten Al at 1123–1323K journal, March 2011

Wettability and phase formation in TiC/Al-alloys assemblies journal, October 2002

Al/TiC composites produced by melt infiltration journal, November 1992

Reaction products of Al/TiC composites fabricated by the pressureless infiltration technique journal, September 2005

Reaction in Al–TiC metal matrix composites journal, November 2001

Flux-assisted wetting and spreading of Al on TiC journal, June 2006

Chemical compatibility of titanium carbide with aluminum, gallium, and indium melts journal, September 1976

Microstructural evolution during the combustion synthesis of TiC–Al cermet with larger metallic particles journal, June 2006

Intermetallic-matrix composites—a review journal, January 1996

Intermetallic matrix composites prepared by mechanical alloying—a review journal, March 1998

Metal- and intermetallic-matrix composites for aerospace propulsion and power systems journal, June 1992

Intermetallic-matrix composites: An overview journal, January 1994

Phase equilibria among α (hcp), β (bcc) and γ (L10) phases in Ti–Al base ternary alloys journal, August 2000

Synthesis and high-temperature stability of titanium aluminide matrixin situ composites journal, September 1992

Processing and Microstructure Development of Titanium Carbide-Nickel Aluminide Composites Prepared by Melt Infiltration/Sintering (MIS) journal, January 2001

Melt-infiltration processing of TiC/Ni 3 Al composites journal, October 1997

The sliding wear of TiC and Ti(C,N) cermets prepared with a stoichiometric Ni3Al binder journal, October 2014

Microstructure-property relationships of in situ reacted TiC/AlCu metal matrix composites journal, January 1991

Effect of MA on microstructure and synthesis path of in-situ TiC reinforced Fe–28at.% Al intermetallic composites journal, June 2002

The FeAl–30%TiC nanocomposite produced by mechanical alloying and hot-pressing consolidation journal, April 2002

FeAl–TiC and FeAl–WC composites—melt infiltration processing, microstructure and mechanical properties journal, March 1998

FeAl-TiC cermets—melt infiltration processing and mechanical properties journal, December 1997

Highly dense, inexpensive composites via melt infiltration of Ni into WC/Fe preforms journal, August 2019

Intermetallic FexAly-phases in a steel/Al-alloy fusion weld journal, March 2007

Determination of the crystal structure of the ɛ phase in the Fe–Al system by high-temperature neutron diffraction journal, January 2010

The Al-Rich Part of the Fe-Al Phase Diagram journal, January 2016

Crystallography of aligned Fe-Al eutectoid journal, July 1978

A revised thermodynamic description of the Ti–C system journal, December 2003

Influence of hydrostatic Pressure in Cold-Pressure Welding journal, January 1992

FactSage thermochemical software and databases journal, June 2002

Experimental Investigation and Thermodynamic Calculation of the TitaniumSiliconCarbon System journal, January 2000

The Ti-Si-C system (Titanium-Silicon-Carbon) journal, December 2004

Vacancy strengthening in Fe3Al iron aluminides journal, November 2014

Metal-matrix composites for space applications
journal, April 2001

Particulate reinforced metal matrix composites — a review
journal, January 1991

The wetting of solids by molten metals and its relation to the preparation of metal-matrix composites composites
journal, January 1987

TiC–TiB2 composites: A review of phase relationships, processing and properties
journal, January 2008

Wetting of Ceramics by Liquid Aluminum
journal, July 1970

Wetting of TiC by molten Al at 1123–1323K
journal, March 2011

Wettability and phase formation in TiC/Al-alloys assemblies
journal, October 2002

Al/TiC composites produced by melt infiltration
journal, November 1992

Reaction products of Al/TiC composites fabricated by the pressureless infiltration technique
journal, September 2005

Reaction in Al–TiC metal matrix composites
journal, November 2001

Flux-assisted wetting and spreading of Al on TiC
journal, June 2006

Chemical compatibility of titanium carbide with aluminum, gallium, and indium melts
journal, September 1976

Microstructural evolution during the combustion synthesis of TiC–Al cermet with larger metallic particles
journal, June 2006

Intermetallic-matrix composites—a review
journal, January 1996

Intermetallic matrix composites prepared by mechanical alloying—a review
journal, March 1998

Metal- and intermetallic-matrix composites for aerospace propulsion and power systems
journal, June 1992

Intermetallic-matrix composites: An overview
journal, January 1994

Phase equilibria among α (hcp), β (bcc) and γ (L10) phases in Ti–Al base ternary alloys
journal, August 2000

Synthesis and high-temperature stability of titanium aluminide matrixin situ composites
journal, September 1992

Processing and Microstructure Development of Titanium Carbide-Nickel Aluminide Composites Prepared by Melt Infiltration/Sintering (MIS)
journal, January 2001

Melt-infiltration processing of TiC/Ni ₃ Al composites
journal, October 1997

The sliding wear of TiC and Ti(C,N) cermets prepared with a stoichiometric Ni3Al binder
journal, October 2014

Microstructure-property relationships of in situ reacted TiC/AlCu metal matrix composites
journal, January 1991

Effect of MA on microstructure and synthesis path of in-situ TiC reinforced Fe–28at.% Al intermetallic composites
journal, June 2002

The FeAl–30%TiC nanocomposite produced by mechanical alloying and hot-pressing consolidation
journal, April 2002

FeAl–TiC and FeAl–WC composites—melt infiltration processing, microstructure and mechanical properties
journal, March 1998

FeAl-TiC cermets—melt infiltration processing and mechanical properties
journal, December 1997

Highly dense, inexpensive composites via melt infiltration of Ni into WC/Fe preforms
journal, August 2019

Intermetallic FexAly-phases in a steel/Al-alloy fusion weld
journal, March 2007

Determination of the crystal structure of the ɛ phase in the Fe–Al system by high-temperature neutron diffraction
journal, January 2010

The Al-Rich Part of the Fe-Al Phase Diagram
journal, January 2016

Crystallography of aligned Fe-Al eutectoid
journal, July 1978

A revised thermodynamic description of the Ti–C system
journal, December 2003

Influence of hydrostatic Pressure in Cold-Pressure Welding
journal, January 1992

FactSage thermochemical software and databases
journal, June 2002

Experimental Investigation and Thermodynamic Calculation of the TitaniumSiliconCarbon System
journal, January 2000

The Ti-Si-C system (Titanium-Silicon-Carbon)
journal, December 2004

Vacancy strengthening in Fe3Al iron aluminides
journal, November 2014