Planetary magnetic field control of ion escape from weakly magnetized planets
Abstract
ABSTRACT Intrinsic magnetic fields have long been thought to shield planets from atmospheric erosion via stellar winds; however, the influence of the plasma environment on atmospheric escape is complex. Here we study the influence of a weak intrinsic dipolar planetary magnetic field on the plasma environment and subsequent ion escape from a Mars-sized planet in a global three-dimensional hybrid simulation. We find that increasing the strength of a planet’s magnetic field enhances ion escape until the magnetic dipole’s standoff distance reaches the induced magnetosphere boundary. After this point increasing the planetary magnetic field begins to inhibit ion escape. This reflects a balance between shielding of the Southern hemisphere from ‘misaligned’ ion pickup forces and trapping of escaping ions by an equatorial plasmasphere. Thus, the planetary magnetic field associated with the peak ion escape rate is critically dependent on the stellar wind pressure. Where possible we have fit power laws for the variation of fundamental parameters (escape rate, escape power, polar cap opening angle, and effective interaction area) with magnetic field, and assessed upper and lower limits for the relationships.
- Authors:
-
[1];
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland, Finnish Meteorological Institute, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Earth Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1543188
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1577634
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Volume: 488 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Publisher:
- Royal Astronomical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Astronomy & Astrophysics; plasmas; methods: numerical; planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites: magnetic fields
Citation Formats
Egan, Hilary, Jarvinen, Riku, Ma, Yingjuan, and Brain, David. Planetary magnetic field control of ion escape from weakly magnetized planets. United Kingdom: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1819.
Egan, Hilary, Jarvinen, Riku, Ma, Yingjuan, & Brain, David. Planetary magnetic field control of ion escape from weakly magnetized planets. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1819
Egan, Hilary, Jarvinen, Riku, Ma, Yingjuan, and Brain, David. Wed .
"Planetary magnetic field control of ion escape from weakly magnetized planets". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1819.
@article{osti_1543188,
title = {Planetary magnetic field control of ion escape from weakly magnetized planets},
author = {Egan, Hilary and Jarvinen, Riku and Ma, Yingjuan and Brain, David},
abstractNote = {ABSTRACT Intrinsic magnetic fields have long been thought to shield planets from atmospheric erosion via stellar winds; however, the influence of the plasma environment on atmospheric escape is complex. Here we study the influence of a weak intrinsic dipolar planetary magnetic field on the plasma environment and subsequent ion escape from a Mars-sized planet in a global three-dimensional hybrid simulation. We find that increasing the strength of a planet’s magnetic field enhances ion escape until the magnetic dipole’s standoff distance reaches the induced magnetosphere boundary. After this point increasing the planetary magnetic field begins to inhibit ion escape. This reflects a balance between shielding of the Southern hemisphere from ‘misaligned’ ion pickup forces and trapping of escaping ions by an equatorial plasmasphere. Thus, the planetary magnetic field associated with the peak ion escape rate is critically dependent on the stellar wind pressure. Where possible we have fit power laws for the variation of fundamental parameters (escape rate, escape power, polar cap opening angle, and effective interaction area) with magnetic field, and assessed upper and lower limits for the relationships.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/stz1819},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 2,
volume = 488,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {2019},
month = {7}
}
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Cited by: 7 works
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Figures / Tables:
Table 1: Upstream conditions used to drive the models. Here u is the stellar wind velocity, np is the stellar wind H+ number density, Tp is the stellar wind H+ temperature, Bsw is the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), Psw is the dynamical pressure, and vA is the Alfven speed.
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Reduced Atmospheric Ion Escape Above Martian Crustal Magnetic Fields
journal, November 2019
- Fan, Kai; Fraenz, Markus; Wei, Yong
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 46, Issue 21
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