Interdecadal Climate Variations Controlling the Water Level of Lake Qinghai over the Tibetan Plateau

Zhao, Lin; Simon Wang, S. -Y.; Meyer, Jonathan

doi:10.1175/jhm-d-17-0071.1

Title: Interdecadal Climate Variations Controlling the Water Level of Lake Qinghai over the Tibetan Plateau

Abstract

Using observed and reanalysis research, the pronounced interdecadal variations of Lake Qinghai (LQH) water levels and associated climate factors were diagnosed. From the 1960s to the early 2000s, the water level of LQH in the Tibetan Plateau has experienced a continual decline of 3 m but has since increased considerably. A water budget assessment of the LQH watershed implied that the water vapor flux divergence ∇•Q is the dominant atmospheric process modulating precipitation and subsequently the lake volume change ΔV. The marked interdecadal variability in ΔV and ∇•Q and was found to be related to the North Pacific (NP) and Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) modes during the cold season (November–March). Through empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and regression analyses, the water vapor sink over the LQH watershed also responds critically to the summer Eurasian wave train modulated by the low-frequency variability associated with the cold season NP and PDO modes. Removal of these variability modes (NP, PDO, and the Eurasian wave train) led to a residual uptrend in the hydrological variables of ΔV, ∇•Q and precipitation, corresponding to the net water level increase. Attribution analysis using the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) single-forcing experiments shows that the simulations drivenmore »« less

Authors:

Zhao, Lin ^[1]; Simon Wang, S. -Y. ^[2]; Meyer, Jonathan ^[2]

Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou (China). Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources (NIEER); Utah State Univ., Logan, UT (United States)
Utah State Univ., Logan, UT (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Nov 22 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1541857

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0016605

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Hydrometeorology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 1525-755X

Publisher:: American Meteorological Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Atmosphere; Teleconnections; Hydrology; Interdecadal variability

Citation Formats


                    Zhao, Lin, Simon Wang, S. -Y., and Meyer, Jonathan. Interdecadal Climate Variations Controlling the Water Level of Lake Qinghai over the Tibetan Plateau.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1175/jhm-d-17-0071.1.

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                    Zhao, Lin, Simon Wang, S. -Y., & Meyer, Jonathan. Interdecadal Climate Variations Controlling the Water Level of Lake Qinghai over the Tibetan Plateau.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0071.1

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                    Zhao, Lin, Simon Wang, S. -Y., and Meyer, Jonathan. Wed .  
"Interdecadal Climate Variations Controlling the Water Level of Lake Qinghai over the Tibetan Plateau".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0071.1.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1541857.

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@article{osti_1541857,

  title        = {Interdecadal Climate Variations Controlling the Water Level of Lake Qinghai over the Tibetan Plateau},

  author       = {Zhao, Lin and Simon Wang, S. -Y. and Meyer, Jonathan},

  abstractNote = {Using observed and reanalysis research, the pronounced interdecadal variations of Lake Qinghai (LQH) water levels and associated climate factors were diagnosed. From the 1960s to the early 2000s, the water level of LQH in the Tibetan Plateau has experienced a continual decline of 3 m but has since increased considerably. A water budget assessment of the LQH watershed implied that the water vapor flux divergence ∇•Q is the dominant atmospheric process modulating precipitation and subsequently the lake volume change ΔV. The marked interdecadal variability in ΔV and ∇•Q and was found to be related to the North Pacific (NP) and Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) modes during the cold season (November–March). Through empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and regression analyses, the water vapor sink over the LQH watershed also responds critically to the summer Eurasian wave train modulated by the low-frequency variability associated with the cold season NP and PDO modes. Removal of these variability modes (NP, PDO, and the Eurasian wave train) led to a residual uptrend in the hydrological variables of ΔV, ∇•Q and precipitation, corresponding to the net water level increase. Attribution analysis using the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) single-forcing experiments shows that the simulations driven by greenhouse gas forcing produced a significant increase in the LQH precipitation, while anthropogenic aerosols generated a minor wetting trend as well.},

  doi          = {10.1175/jhm-d-17-0071.1},

  journal      = {Journal of Hydrometeorology},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 18,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Nov 22 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Wed Nov 22 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0071.1

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Works referenced in this record:

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Title: Interdecadal Climate Variations Controlling the Water Level of Lake Qinghai over the Tibetan Plateau

Abstract

Citation Formats

Monitoring the frozen duration of Qinghai Lake using satellite passive microwave remote sensing low frequency data journal, March 2009

Excitation Mechanisms of the Teleconnection Patterns Affecting the July Precipitation in Northwest China journal, November 2012

What is the fast Fourier transform? journal, January 1967

SOLS: A lake database to monitor in the Near Real Time water level and storage variations from remote sensing data journal, May 2011

The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system journal, April 2011

Multi-year persistence of the 2014/15 North Pacific marine heatwave journal, July 2016

Circumglobal Teleconnection in the Northern Hemisphere Summer journal, September 2005

Intraseasonal Teleconnection between the Summer Eurasian Wave Train and the Indian Monsoon journal, August 2007

The Effect of Greenhouse Gas–Induced Changes in SST on the Annual Cycle of Zonal Mean Tropical Precipitation journal, June 2014

The formation mechanism of the Bonin high in August journal, January 2003

Explaining Extreme Events of 2015 from a Climate Perspective journal, December 2016

Pacific sea surface temperature and the winter of 2014: SST and 2014 Winter journal, March 2015

The Potential to Narrow Uncertainty in Regional Climate Predictions journal, August 2009

The Intraseasonal Oscillation of Eastern Tibetan Plateau Precipitation in Response to the Summer Eurasian Wave Train journal, September 2016

Hydrological and solute budgets of Lake Qinghai, the largest lake on the Tibetan Plateau journal, May 2010

NCEP–DOE AMIP-II Reanalysis (R-2) journal, November 2002

Quantification of linkages between large-scale climatic patterns and precipitation in the Colorado River Basin journal, April 2006

The JRA-55 Reanalysis: General Specifications and Basic Characteristics journal, January 2015

Glacier mass loss induced the rapid growth of Linggo Co on the central Tibetan Plateau journal, January 2012

Response of inland lake dynamics over the Tibetan Plateau to climate change journal, June 2014

Temporal Succession of Ancient Phytoplankton Community in Qinghai Lake and Implication for Paleo-environmental Change journal, January 2016

The impact of climate changes on water level of Qinghai Lake in China over the past 50 years journal, November 2015

Lake-Level Change and Water Balance Analysis at Lake Qinghai, West China during Recent Decades journal, December 2006

Patterns and Potential Drivers of Dramatic Changes in Tibetan Lakes, 1972–2010 journal, November 2014

Interannual meridional displacement of the East Asian upper-tropospheric jet stream in summer journal, March 2005

Growth of a high-elevation large inland lake, associated with climate change and permafrost degradation in Tibet journal, January 2010

Divergent global precipitation changes induced by natural versus anthropogenic forcing journal, January 2013

The Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Revisited journal, June 2016

Warming in the Tibetan Plateau: Possible influences of the changes in surface water vapor journal, January 2009

Distinct impacts of the Mongolian and Tibetan Plateaus on the evolution of the East Asian monsoon: MONGOLIAN EFFECT ON EAST ASIAN MONSOON journal, May 2015

Simulating the response of a closed-basin lake to recent climate changes in tropical West Africa (Lake Bosumtwi, Ghana) journal, January 2007

Modeling and analysis of lake water storage changes on the Tibetan Plateau using multi-mission satellite data journal, August 2013

Accelerated lake expansion on the Tibetan Plateau in the 2000s: Induced by glacial melting or other processes? journal, April 2014

An Overview of CMIP5 and the Experiment Design journal, April 2012

Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific journal, March 1994

The ERA-40 re-analysis journal, October 2005

Coherence between the Great Salt Lake Level and the Pacific Quasi-Decadal Oscillation journal, April 2010

How Much More Rain Will Global Warming Bring? journal, July 2007

Climate Change Projections over East Asia with BCC_CSM1.1 Climate Model under RCP Scenarios journal, January 2013

Recent climate changes over the Tibetan Plateau and their impacts on energy and water cycle: A review journal, January 2014

Different glacier status with atmospheric circulations in Tibetan Plateau and surroundings journal, July 2012

Monitoring lake level changes on the Tibetan Plateau using ICESat altimetry data (2003–2009) journal, July 2011

Water balance estimates of ten greatest lakes in China using ICESat and Landsat data journal, May 2013

Lakes’ state and abundance across the Tibetan Plateau journal, April 2014

Measurements and Modeling of the Water Budget in Semiarid High-Altitude Qinghai Lake Basin, Northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau journal, October 2018

Monitoring the frozen duration of Qinghai Lake using satellite passive microwave remote sensing low frequency data
journal, March 2009

Excitation Mechanisms of the Teleconnection Patterns Affecting the July Precipitation in Northwest China
journal, November 2012

What is the fast Fourier transform?
journal, January 1967

SOLS: A lake database to monitor in the Near Real Time water level and storage variations from remote sensing data
journal, May 2011

The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system
journal, April 2011

Multi-year persistence of the 2014/15 North Pacific marine heatwave
journal, July 2016

Circumglobal Teleconnection in the Northern Hemisphere Summer
journal, September 2005

Intraseasonal Teleconnection between the Summer Eurasian Wave Train and the Indian Monsoon
journal, August 2007

The Effect of Greenhouse Gas–Induced Changes in SST on the Annual Cycle of Zonal Mean Tropical Precipitation
journal, June 2014

The formation mechanism of the Bonin high in August
journal, January 2003

Explaining Extreme Events of 2015 from a Climate Perspective
journal, December 2016

Pacific sea surface temperature and the winter of 2014: SST and 2014 Winter
journal, March 2015

The Potential to Narrow Uncertainty in Regional Climate Predictions
journal, August 2009

The Intraseasonal Oscillation of Eastern Tibetan Plateau Precipitation in Response to the Summer Eurasian Wave Train
journal, September 2016

Hydrological and solute budgets of Lake Qinghai, the largest lake on the Tibetan Plateau
journal, May 2010

NCEP–DOE AMIP-II Reanalysis (R-2)
journal, November 2002

Quantification of linkages between large-scale climatic patterns and precipitation in the Colorado River Basin
journal, April 2006

The JRA-55 Reanalysis: General Specifications and Basic Characteristics
journal, January 2015

Glacier mass loss induced the rapid growth of Linggo Co on the central Tibetan Plateau
journal, January 2012

Response of inland lake dynamics over the Tibetan Plateau to climate change
journal, June 2014

Temporal Succession of Ancient Phytoplankton Community in Qinghai Lake and Implication for Paleo-environmental Change
journal, January 2016

The impact of climate changes on water level of Qinghai Lake in China over the past 50 years
journal, November 2015

Lake-Level Change and Water Balance Analysis at Lake Qinghai, West China during Recent Decades
journal, December 2006

Patterns and Potential Drivers of Dramatic Changes in Tibetan Lakes, 1972–2010
journal, November 2014

Interannual meridional displacement of the East Asian upper-tropospheric jet stream in summer
journal, March 2005

Growth of a high-elevation large inland lake, associated with climate change and permafrost degradation in Tibet
journal, January 2010

Divergent global precipitation changes induced by natural versus anthropogenic forcing
journal, January 2013

The Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Revisited
journal, June 2016

Warming in the Tibetan Plateau: Possible influences of the changes in surface water vapor
journal, January 2009

Distinct impacts of the Mongolian and Tibetan Plateaus on the evolution of the East Asian monsoon: MONGOLIAN EFFECT ON EAST ASIAN MONSOON
journal, May 2015

Simulating the response of a closed-basin lake to recent climate changes in tropical West Africa (Lake Bosumtwi, Ghana)
journal, January 2007

Modeling and analysis of lake water storage changes on the Tibetan Plateau using multi-mission satellite data
journal, August 2013

Accelerated lake expansion on the Tibetan Plateau in the 2000s: Induced by glacial melting or other processes?
journal, April 2014

An Overview of CMIP5 and the Experiment Design
journal, April 2012

Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific
journal, March 1994

The ERA-40 re-analysis
journal, October 2005

Coherence between the Great Salt Lake Level and the Pacific Quasi-Decadal Oscillation
journal, April 2010

How Much More Rain Will Global Warming Bring?
journal, July 2007

Climate Change Projections over East Asia with BCC_CSM1.1 Climate Model under RCP Scenarios
journal, January 2013

Recent climate changes over the Tibetan Plateau and their impacts on energy and water cycle: A review
journal, January 2014

Different glacier status with atmospheric circulations in Tibetan Plateau and surroundings
journal, July 2012

Monitoring lake level changes on the Tibetan Plateau using ICESat altimetry data (2003–2009)
journal, July 2011

Water balance estimates of ten greatest lakes in China using ICESat and Landsat data
journal, May 2013

Lakes’ state and abundance across the Tibetan Plateau
journal, April 2014

Measurements and Modeling of the Water Budget in Semiarid High-Altitude Qinghai Lake Basin, Northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
journal, October 2018