A look into the voltage plateau signal for detection and quantification of lithium plating in lithium-ion cells

Yang, Xiao-Guang; Ge, Shanhai; Liu, Teng; Leng, Yongjun; Wang, Chao-Yang

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.05.073

Title: A look into the voltage plateau signal for detection and quantification of lithium plating in lithium-ion cells

Journal Article · 14 June 2018 · Journal of Power Sources

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.05.073 · OSTI ID:1538541

^[1]; Ge, Shanhai ^[2]; Liu, Teng ^[2]; Leng, Yongjun ^[2]; Wang, Chao-Yang ^[2]

Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (United States); DOE/OSTI
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (United States)

Voltage plateau during relaxation or discharge after charging is a distinct signal associated with stripping of deposited Li metal and hence a feasible tool for online detection of Li plating in Li-ion batteries. In this report we present a physics-based model with incorporation of Li plating and stripping to gain a fundamental understanding of the voltage plateau behavior. Specifically, we focus on the internal cell characteristics when voltage plateau occurs and on key factors affecting the shape and duration of voltage plateau. Furthermore, the validity of using the duration of voltage plateau for estimating Li plating amount is assessed. It is found that the duration of voltage plateau depends on the rate of Li stripping, while the stripping rate is restricted by the capability of Li+ intercalation into graphite. Parameters like intercalation kinetics, solid-state diffusivity of graphite and cell temperature can substantially influence the voltage curves even with the same amount of Li plating. Further, we report an interesting phenomenon that during Li stripping one part of anode near the separator has net oxidation current (local stripping rate > intercalation rate), providing Li+ ions and electrons to the other part of anode near the foil which has net reduction current.

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Research Organization:: EC Power LLC, Scottsdale, AZ (United States); Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection; USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0006425

OSTI ID:: 1538541

Journal Information:: Journal of Power Sources, Journal Name: Journal of Power Sources Journal Issue: C Vol. 395; ISSN 0378-7753

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: A look into the voltage plateau signal for detection and quantification of lithium plating in lithium-ion cells

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