The Origin of the Moon Within a Terrestrial Synestia
Abstract
The giant impact hypothesis remains the leading theory for lunar origin. However, current models struggle to explain the Moon’s composition and isotopic similarity with Earth. Here we present a new lunar origin model. High-energy, high-angular-momentum giant impacts can create a post-impact structure that exceeds the corotation limit, which defines the hottest thermal state and angular momentum possible for a corotating body. In a typical super-corotation-limit body, traditional definitions of mantle, atmosphere, and disk are not appropriate, and the body forms a new type of planetary structure, named a synestia. Using simulations of cooling synestias combined with dynamic, thermodynamic, and geochemical calculations, we show that satellite formation from a synestia can produce the main features of our Moon. We find that cooling drives mixing of the structure, and condensation generates moonlets that orbit within the synestia, surrounded by tens of bars of bulk silicate Earth vapor. The moonlets and growing moon are heated by the vapor until the first major element (Si) begins to vaporize and buffer the temperature. Moonlets equilibrate with bulk silicate Earth vapor at the temperature of silicate vaporization and the pressure of the structure, establishing the lunar isotopic composition and pattern of moderately volatile elements. Eventually, themore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
- Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Bristol (United Kingdom)
- SETI Inst., Mountain View, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1537327
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1788232
- Grant/Contract Number:
- NA0001804; NA0002937
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 123; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-9097
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Geochemistry & Geophysics
Citation Formats
Lock, Simon J., Stewart, Sarah T., Petaev, Michail I., Leinhardt, Zoë, Mace, Mia T., Jacobsen, Stein B., and Cuk, Matija. The Origin of the Moon Within a Terrestrial Synestia. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1002/2017je005333.
Lock, Simon J., Stewart, Sarah T., Petaev, Michail I., Leinhardt, Zoë, Mace, Mia T., Jacobsen, Stein B., & Cuk, Matija. The Origin of the Moon Within a Terrestrial Synestia. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017je005333
Lock, Simon J., Stewart, Sarah T., Petaev, Michail I., Leinhardt, Zoë, Mace, Mia T., Jacobsen, Stein B., and Cuk, Matija. Wed .
"The Origin of the Moon Within a Terrestrial Synestia". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017je005333. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1537327.
@article{osti_1537327,
title = {The Origin of the Moon Within a Terrestrial Synestia},
author = {Lock, Simon J. and Stewart, Sarah T. and Petaev, Michail I. and Leinhardt, Zoë and Mace, Mia T. and Jacobsen, Stein B. and Cuk, Matija},
abstractNote = {The giant impact hypothesis remains the leading theory for lunar origin. However, current models struggle to explain the Moon’s composition and isotopic similarity with Earth. Here we present a new lunar origin model. High-energy, high-angular-momentum giant impacts can create a post-impact structure that exceeds the corotation limit, which defines the hottest thermal state and angular momentum possible for a corotating body. In a typical super-corotation-limit body, traditional definitions of mantle, atmosphere, and disk are not appropriate, and the body forms a new type of planetary structure, named a synestia. Using simulations of cooling synestias combined with dynamic, thermodynamic, and geochemical calculations, we show that satellite formation from a synestia can produce the main features of our Moon. We find that cooling drives mixing of the structure, and condensation generates moonlets that orbit within the synestia, surrounded by tens of bars of bulk silicate Earth vapor. The moonlets and growing moon are heated by the vapor until the first major element (Si) begins to vaporize and buffer the temperature. Moonlets equilibrate with bulk silicate Earth vapor at the temperature of silicate vaporization and the pressure of the structure, establishing the lunar isotopic composition and pattern of moderately volatile elements. Eventually, the cooling synestia recedes within the lunar orbit, terminating the main stage of lunar accretion. Our model shifts the paradigm for lunar origin from specifying a certain impact scenario to achieving a Moon-forming synestia. Giant impacts that produce potential Moon-forming synestias were common at the end of terrestrial planet formation.},
doi = {10.1002/2017je005333},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets},
number = 4,
volume = 123,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 28 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Wed Feb 28 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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