Long range electrostatic forces in ionic liquids
Abstract
Ionic liquids are pure salts that are liquid under ambient conditions. As liquids composed solely of ions, the scientific consensus has been that ionic liquids have exceedingly high ionic strengths and thus very short Debye screening lengths. However, several recent experiments from laboratories around the world have reported data for the approach of two surfaces separated by ionic liquids which revealed remarkable long range forces that appear to be electrostatic in origin. Evidence has accumulated demonstrating long range surface forces for several different combinations of ionic liquids and electrically charged surfaces, as well as for concentrated mixtures of inorganic salts in solvent. The original interpretation of these forces, that ionic liquids could be envisioned as “dilute electrolytes,” was controversial, and the origin of long range forces in ionic liquids remains the subject of discussion. Here we seek to collate and examine the evidence for long range surface forces in ionic liquids, identify key outstanding questions, and explore possible mechanisms underlying the origin of these long range forces. Long range surface forces in ionic liquids and other highly concentrated electrolytes hold diverse implications from designing ionic liquids for energy storage applications to rationalizing electrostatic correlations in biological self-assembly.
- Authors:
-
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
- Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom)
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
- Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Univ. of Sydney, NSW (Australia)
- Univ. of Montreal, QC (Canada)
- Max Planck Institut fur Eisenforschung GmbH, Dusseldorf (Germany)
- KTH Royal Inst. of Technology, Stockholm (Sweden); SP Chemistry Materials and Surfaces, Stockholm (Sweden)
- The University of Newcastle (Australia)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; The Leverhulme Trust; European Research Council (ERC); Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC); Australian Research Council (ARC); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); The Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1535110
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-87ER45331; 676861 LIQUISWITCH
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- ChemComm
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 53; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1359-7345
- Publisher:
- Royal Society of Chemistry
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; Chemistry
Citation Formats
Gebbie, Matthew A., Smith, Alexander M., Dobbs, Howard A., Lee, Alpha A., Warr, Gregory G., Banquy, Xavier, Valtiner, Markus, Rutland, Mark W., Israelachvili, Jacob N., Perkin, Susan, and Atkin, Rob. Long range electrostatic forces in ionic liquids. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1039/c6cc08820a.
Gebbie, Matthew A., Smith, Alexander M., Dobbs, Howard A., Lee, Alpha A., Warr, Gregory G., Banquy, Xavier, Valtiner, Markus, Rutland, Mark W., Israelachvili, Jacob N., Perkin, Susan, & Atkin, Rob. Long range electrostatic forces in ionic liquids. United States. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6cc08820a
Gebbie, Matthew A., Smith, Alexander M., Dobbs, Howard A., Lee, Alpha A., Warr, Gregory G., Banquy, Xavier, Valtiner, Markus, Rutland, Mark W., Israelachvili, Jacob N., Perkin, Susan, and Atkin, Rob. Fri .
"Long range electrostatic forces in ionic liquids". United States. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6cc08820a. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1535110.
@article{osti_1535110,
title = {Long range electrostatic forces in ionic liquids},
author = {Gebbie, Matthew A. and Smith, Alexander M. and Dobbs, Howard A. and Lee, Alpha A. and Warr, Gregory G. and Banquy, Xavier and Valtiner, Markus and Rutland, Mark W. and Israelachvili, Jacob N. and Perkin, Susan and Atkin, Rob},
abstractNote = {Ionic liquids are pure salts that are liquid under ambient conditions. As liquids composed solely of ions, the scientific consensus has been that ionic liquids have exceedingly high ionic strengths and thus very short Debye screening lengths. However, several recent experiments from laboratories around the world have reported data for the approach of two surfaces separated by ionic liquids which revealed remarkable long range forces that appear to be electrostatic in origin. Evidence has accumulated demonstrating long range surface forces for several different combinations of ionic liquids and electrically charged surfaces, as well as for concentrated mixtures of inorganic salts in solvent. The original interpretation of these forces, that ionic liquids could be envisioned as “dilute electrolytes,” was controversial, and the origin of long range forces in ionic liquids remains the subject of discussion. Here we seek to collate and examine the evidence for long range surface forces in ionic liquids, identify key outstanding questions, and explore possible mechanisms underlying the origin of these long range forces. Long range surface forces in ionic liquids and other highly concentrated electrolytes hold diverse implications from designing ionic liquids for energy storage applications to rationalizing electrostatic correlations in biological self-assembly.},
doi = {10.1039/c6cc08820a},
journal = {ChemComm},
number = 7,
volume = 53,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 09 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Fri Dec 09 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Time dependence of forces between mica surfaces in water and its relation to the release of surface ions
journal, January 2002
- Raviv, Uri; Laurat, Pierre; Klein, Jacob
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 116, Issue 12
Ionic-liquid materials for the electrochemical challenges of the future
journal, July 2009
- Armand, Michel; Endres, Frank; MacFarlane, Douglas R.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 8, p. 621-629
E FFECTIVE I NTERACTIONS B ETWEEN E LECTRIC D OUBLE L AYERS
journal, October 2000
- Hansen, Jean-Pierre; Löwen, Hartmut
- Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 51, Issue 1
How Ionic Are Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids? An Indicator of the Physicochemical Properties
journal, October 2006
- Tokuda, Hiroyuki; Tsuzuki, Seiji; Susan, Md. Abu Bin Hasan
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 110, Issue 39
Differential capacitance of the double layer at the electrode/ionic liquids interface
journal, January 2010
- Lockett, Vera; Horne, Mike; Sedev, Rossen
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 39
Decay behavior of screened electrostatic surface forces in ionic liquids: the vital role of non-local electrostatics
journal, January 2016
- Kjellander, Roland
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 28
Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries
journal, November 2001
- Tarascon, J.-M.; Armand, M.
- Nature, Vol. 414, Issue 6861, p. 359-367
Understanding Ionic Liquids at the Molecular Level: Facts, Problems, and Controversies
journal, January 2008
- Weingärtner, Hermann
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 47, Issue 4
Ionic Liquids Confined in Hydrophilic Nanocontacts: Structure and Lubricity in the Presence of Water
journal, March 2014
- Espinosa-Marzal, R. M.; Arcifa, A.; Rossi, A.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 118, Issue 12
Ion structure controls ionic liquid near-surface and interfacial nanostructure
journal, January 2015
- Elbourne, Aaron; Voïtchovsky, Kislon; Warr, Gregory G.
- Chemical Science, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Microslips to “Avalanches” in Confined, Molecular Layers of Ionic Liquids
journal, December 2013
- Espinosa-Marzal, R. M.; Arcifa, A.; Rossi, A.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Double Layer Structure of Ionic Liquids at the Au(111) Electrode Interface: An Atomic Force Microscopy Investigation
journal, March 2011
- Hayes, Robert; Borisenko, Natalia; Tam, Matthew K.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 115, Issue 14, p. 6855-6863
Layering of ionic liquids on rough surfaces
journal, January 2016
- Sheehan, Alexis; Jurado, L. Andres; Ramakrishna, Shivaprakash N.
- Nanoscale, Vol. 8, Issue 7
Suppression of Metal-Insulator Transition in VO2 by Electric Field-Induced Oxygen Vacancy Formation
journal, March 2013
- Jeong, J.; Aetukuri, N.; Graf, T.
- Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6126
Effect of Interfacial Ion Structuring on Range and Magnitude of Electric Double Layer, Hydration, and Adhesive Interactions between Mica Surfaces in 0.05–3 M Li + and Cs + Electrolyte Solutions
journal, April 2014
- Baimpos, Theodoros; Shrestha, Buddha R.; Raman, Sangeetha
- Langmuir, Vol. 30, Issue 15
Ionic Liquids at Electrified Interfaces
journal, March 2014
- Fedorov, Maxim V.; Kornyshev, Alexei A.
- Chemical Reviews, Vol. 114, Issue 5
Materials for electrochemical capacitors
journal, November 2008
- Simon, Patrice; Gogotsi, Yury
- Nature Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 11
Long-range electrostatic screening in ionic liquids
journal, May 2015
- Gebbie, Matthew A.; Dobbs, Howard A.; Valtiner, Markus
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 24
Structure in Confined Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids
journal, April 2007
- Atkin, Rob; Warr, Gregory G.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 111, Issue 13
Influence of Water on the Interfacial Nanostructure and Wetting of [Rmim][NTf2] Ionic Liquids at Mica Surfaces
journal, August 2016
- Wang, Zhantao; Li, Hua; Atkin, Rob
- Langmuir, Vol. 32, Issue 35
Extending the Concept of Defect Chemistry from Semiconductor Physics to Electrochemistry
journal, February 2014
- Todorova, Mira; Neugebauer, Jörg
- Physical Review Applied, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Ionic liquids behave as dilute electrolyte solutions
journal, May 2013
- Gebbie, M. A.; Valtiner, M.; Banquy, X.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 24
Interacting Ions in Biophysics: Real is not Ideal
journal, May 2013
- Eisenberg, Bob
- Biophysical Journal, Vol. 104, Issue 9
Hydrated-ion ordering in electrical double layers
journal, January 2012
- Espinosa-Marzal, Rosa M.; Drobek, Tanja; Balmer, Tobias
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 17
Structure of [C 4 mpyr][NTf 2 ] Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid at Charged Gold Interfaces
journal, May 2012
- Lauw, Yansen; Horne, Michael D.; Rodopoulos, Theo
- Langmuir, Vol. 28, Issue 19
A small-angle neutron scattering study of intermicellar interactions in microemulsions of AOT, water, and near-critical propane
journal, January 1991
- Kaler, Eric W.; Billman, John F.; Fulton, John L.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 95, Issue 1
Nanoconfined ionic liquids: effect of surface charges on flow and molecular layering
journal, January 2010
- Bou-Malham, Ibrahim; Bureau, Lionel
- Soft Matter, Vol. 6, Issue 17
The Electrostatic Screening Length in Concentrated Electrolytes Increases with Concentration
journal, May 2016
- Smith, Alexander M.; Lee, Alpha A.; Perkin, Susan
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 7, Issue 12
A Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Study of the Interactions in Concentrated Silica Colloidal Dispersions
journal, January 2006
- Qiu, Dong; Cosgrove, Terence; Howe, Andrew M.
- Langmuir, Vol. 22, Issue 2
Charge renormalization, osmotic pressure, and bulk modulus of colloidal crystals: Theory
journal, June 1984
- Alexander, S.; Chaikin, P. M.; Grant, P.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 80, Issue 11
The Effect of Water and Confinement on Self-Assembly of Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids at Mica Interfaces
journal, July 2016
- Cheng, H. -W.; Dienemann, J. -N.; Stock, P.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Effect of the environmental humidity on the bulk, interfacial and nanoconfined properties of an ionic liquid
journal, January 2016
- Jurado, L. Andres; Kim, Hojun; Rossi, Antonella
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 32
Nanostructural Organization in Ionic Liquids
journal, February 2006
- Canongia Lopes, José N. A.; Pádua, Agílio A. H.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 110, Issue 7
Spatial Structure of Electrical Diffuse Layers in Highly Concentrated Electrolytes: A Modified Poisson–Nernst–Planck Approach
journal, March 2014
- Yochelis, Arik
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 118, Issue 11
Molecular Layering of Fluorinated Ionic Liquids at a Charged Sapphire (0001) Surface
journal, October 2008
- Mezger, M.; Schroder, H.; Reichert, H.
- Science, Vol. 322, Issue 5900
Characterizing the Influence of Water on Charging and Layering at Electrified Ionic-Liquid/Solid Interfaces
journal, July 2015
- Cheng, Hsiu-Wei; Stock, Philipp; Moeremans, Boaz
- Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 2, Issue 12
The phase behaviour of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborates; ionic liquids and ionic liquid crystals
journal, January 1999
- Holbrey, John D.; Seddon, Kenneth R.
- Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, Issue 13
Dressed ion theory for electric double layer structure and interactions; an exact analysis
journal, June 1997
- Kjellander, Roland; Mitchell, D. John
- Molecular Physics, Vol. 91, Issue 2
Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids. Solvents for Synthesis and Catalysis
journal, August 1999
- Welton, Thomas
- Chemical Reviews, Vol. 99, Issue 8, p. 2071-2084
The nature of the air-cleaved mica surface
journal, June 2016
- Christenson, Hugo K.; Thomson, Neil H.
- Surface Science Reports, Vol. 71, Issue 2
Self-assembly in the electrical double layer of ionic liquids
journal, January 2011
- Perkin, Susan; Crowhurst, Lorna; Niedermeyer, Heiko
- Chemical Communications, Vol. 47, Issue 23
Nanoscale Segregation in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids †
journal, May 2007
- Triolo, Alessandro; Russina, Olga; Bleif, Hans-Jurgen
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 111, Issue 18
Solvation forces between rough surfaces
journal, April 1998
- Frink, Laura J. Douglas; van Swol, Frank
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 108, Issue 13
Anomalous Capacitance Maximum of the Glassy Carbon–Ionic Liquid Interface through Dilution with Organic Solvents
journal, June 2015
- Bozym, David J.; Uralcan, Betül; Limmer, David T.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 13
Transition from non-monotonic to monotonic electrical diffuse layers: impact of confinement on ionic liquids
journal, January 2014
- Yochelis, Arik
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 7
Molecular layering of water at surfaces and origin of repulsive hydration forces
journal, November 1983
- Israelachvili, Jacob N.; Pashley, Richard M.
- Nature, Vol. 306, Issue 5940
Ionic Liquid Nanotribology: Stiction Suppression and Surface Induced Shear Thinning
journal, June 2012
- Asencio, Rubén Álvarez; Cranston, Emily D.; Atkin, Rob
- Langmuir, Vol. 28, Issue 26
Experimental measurements of solvation forces in nonpolar liquids
journal, June 1983
- Christenson, Hugo K.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 78, Issue 11
Water-in-CO 2 Microemulsions Studied by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
journal, December 1997
- Eastoe, Julian; Cazelles, Beatrice M. H.; Steytler, David C.
- Langmuir, Vol. 13, Issue 26
Ionic Liquids for the Convenient Synthesis of Functional Nanoparticles and Other Inorganic Nanostructures
journal, September 2004
- Antonietti, Markus; Kuang, Daibin; Smarsly, Bernd
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 43, Issue 38, p. 4988-4992
Ionic liquids as electrolytes
journal, August 2006
- Galiński, Maciej; Lewandowski, Andrzej; Stępniak, Izabela
- Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 51, Issue 26
Double-layer and solvation forces measured in a molten salt and its mixtures with water
journal, June 1988
- Horn, R. G.; Evans, D. F.; Ninham, B. W.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 92, Issue 12
Switchable long-range double layer force observed in a protic ionic liquid
journal, January 2017
- Hjalmarsson, N.; Atkin, R.; Rutland, M. W.
- Chemical Communications, Vol. 53, Issue 3
Are Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids Dilute Electrolytes?
journal, December 2014
- Lee, Alpha A.; Vella, Dominic; Perkin, Susan
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Dielectric Response of Imidazolium-Based Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids
journal, June 2006
- Daguenet, Corinne; Dyson, Paul J.; Krossing, Ingo
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 110, Issue 25
Direct measurement of structural forces between two surfaces in a nonpolar liquid
journal, August 1981
- Horn, Roger G.; Israelachvili, Jacob N.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 75, Issue 3
Monolayer to Bilayer Structural Transition in Confined Pyrrolidinium-Based Ionic Liquids
journal, January 2013
- Smith, Alexander M.; Lovelock, Kevin R. J.; Gosvami, Nitya Nand
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 3
Double Layer in Ionic Liquids: Overscreening versus Crowding
journal, January 2011
- Bazant, Martin Z.; Storey, Brian D.; Kornyshev, Alexei A.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 4
Is the boundary layer of an ionic liquid equally lubricating at higher temperature?
journal, January 2016
- Hjalmarsson, Nicklas; Atkin, Rob; Rutland, Mark W.
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 13
Measuring electrostatic, van der Waals, and hydration forces in electrolyte solutions with an atomic force microscope
journal, December 1991
- Butt, Hans-Jürgen
- Biophysical Journal, Vol. 60, Issue 6
At the interface: solvation and designing ionic liquids
journal, January 2010
- Hayes, Robert; Warr, Gregory G.; Atkin, Rob
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 8
Magnitude and Directionality of Interaction in Ion Pairs of Ionic Liquids: Relationship with Ionic Conductivity
journal, September 2005
- Tsuzuki, Seiji; Tokuda, Hiroyuki; Hayamizu, Kikuko
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 109, Issue 34
Ionic Liquids for the Convenient Synthesis of Functional Nanoparticles and Other Inorganic Nanostructures
journal, November 2004
- Antonietti, Markus; Kuang, Daibin; Smarsly, Bernd
- ChemInform, Vol. 35, Issue 47
Double layer in ionic liquids: Overscreening vs. crowding
text, January 2010
- Bazant, Martin Z.; Storey, Brian D.; Kornyshev, Alexei A.
- arXiv
Are Room Temperature Ionic Liquids Dilute Electrolytes?
text, January 2014
- Lee, Alpha A.; Vella, Dominic; Perkin, Susan
- arXiv
Works referencing / citing this record:
Die zweigesichtige Natur der Wasserstoffbrückenbindung in hydroxylfunktionalisierten ionischen Flüssigkeiten, offenbart durch Neutronendiffraktometrie und Molekulardynamik‐Simulation
journal, July 2019
- Niemann, Thomas; Neumann, Jan; Stange, Peter
- Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 37
The Double‐Faced Nature of Hydrogen Bonding in Hydroxy‐Functionalized Ionic Liquids Shown by Neutron Diffraction and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
journal, July 2019
- Niemann, Thomas; Neumann, Jan; Stange, Peter
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 37
Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Biological Importance of Pyrimidinium Ionic Liquids
journal, June 2019
- Goel, Kamna; Bera, Smritilekha; Singh, Man
- ChemistrySelect, Vol. 4, Issue 23
In-situ liquid-cell TEM study of radial flow-guided motion of octahedral Au nanoparticles and nanoparticle clusters
journal, April 2018
- Li, Chang; Chen, Xin; Liu, Haiyang
- Nano Research, Vol. 11, Issue 9
Ionic liquids: a brief history
journal, April 2018
- Welton, Tom
- Biophysical Reviews, Vol. 10, Issue 3
Ionic liquid electrolytes in electric double layer capacitors
journal, July 2019
- Yin, Li; Li, Shu; Liu, Xiaohong
- Science China Materials, Vol. 62, Issue 11
Effect of Fluid Chemistry on the Interfacial Composition, Adhesion, and Frictional Response of Calcite Single Crystals—Implications for Injection‐Induced Seismicity
journal, June 2019
- Diao, Yijue; Espinosa‐Marzal, Rosa M.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 124, Issue 6
Nanoscale capillary freezing of ionic liquids confined between metallic interfaces and the role of electronic screening
journal, March 2017
- Comtet, Jean; Niguès, Antoine; Kaiser, Vojtech
- Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 6
Insight into the Electrical Double Layer of an Ionic Liquid on Graphene
journal, June 2017
- Jurado, L. Andres; Espinosa-Marzal, Rosa M.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Magnetic field effects dynamics of ethylammonium nitrate ionic liquid confined between glass plates
journal, January 2018
- Filippov, Andrei; Antzutkin, Oleg N.
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 9
Unraveling the effects of amino acid substitutions enhancing lipase resistance to an ionic liquid: a molecular dynamics study
journal, January 2018
- Zhao, Jing; Frauenkron-Machedjou, Victorine Josiane; Fulton, Alexander
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 14
Effects and controls of capacitive hysteresis in ionic liquid electrochemical measurements
journal, January 2018
- Lucio, Anthony J.; Shaw, Scott K.
- The Analyst, Vol. 143, Issue 20
Is the formation of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) a feasible mechanism for the distillation of imidazolium ionic liquids?
journal, January 2018
- Diniz, Júlia R.; de Lima, Tatiani B.; Galaverna, Renan
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 38
A label-free aptamer-based nanogap capacitive biosensor with greatly diminished electrode polarization effects
journal, January 2019
- Ghobaei Namhil, Zahra; Kemp, Cordula; Verrelli, Emanuele
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 2
Self-assembly and surface behaviour of pure and mixed zwitterionic amphiphiles in a deep eutectic solvent
journal, January 2018
- Sanchez-Fernandez, A.; Moody, G. L.; Murfin, L. C.
- Soft Matter, Vol. 14, Issue 26
Dynamics of [Pyr 13 ][Tf 2 N] ionic liquid confined to carbon black
journal, January 2019
- Merz, Steffen; Jakes, Peter; Taranenko, Svitlana
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 31
In situ liquid cell TEM observation of solution-mediated interaction behaviour of Au/CdS nanoclusters
journal, January 2019
- Wu, Yulian; Chen, Xin; Li, Chang
- New Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 43, Issue 32
Directed nanoscale metal deposition by the local perturbation of charge screening at the solid–liquid interface
journal, January 2019
- Aarts, Mark; Alarcon-Llado, Esther
- Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 40
The intimate relationship between the dielectric response and the decay of intermolecular correlations and surface forces in electrolytes
journal, January 2019
- Kjellander, Roland
- Soft Matter
Electro-responsivity of ionic liquid boundary layers in a polar solvent revealed by neutron reflectance
journal, May 2018
- Pilkington, Georgia A.; Harris, Kathryn; Bergendal, Erik
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 148, Issue 19
Ionic liquids-mediated interactions between nanorods
journal, October 2017
- Yu, Zhou; Zhang, Fei; Huang, Jingsong
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 147, Issue 13
Focus Article: Oscillatory and long-range monotonic exponential decays of electrostatic interactions in ionic liquids and other electrolytes: The significance of dielectric permittivity and renormalized charges
journal, May 2018
- Kjellander, Roland
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 148, Issue 19
Differential capacitance of ionic liquids according to lattice-gas mean-field model with nearest-neighbor interactions
journal, November 2018
- Downing, Rachel; Berntson, Bjorn K.; Bossa, Guilherme V.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 149, Issue 20
Nanoscale domains in ionic liquids: A statistical mechanics definition for molecular dynamics studies
journal, November 2018
- Shadrack Jabes, B.; Delle Site, L.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 149, Issue 18
Density functional theory of confined ionic liquids: A survey of the effects of ion type, molecular charge distribution, and surface adsorption
journal, May 2019
- Kiratidis, Adrian L.; Miklavcic, Stanley J.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 150, Issue 18
Effect of an external electric field on the dynamics and intramolecular structures of ions in an ionic liquid
journal, October 2019
- Clark, Ryan; von Domaros, Michael; McIntosh, Alastair J. S.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 151, Issue 16
Phase behavior for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with sodium oxalate/succinate/formate aqueous two-phase systems at 298.15 and 308.15 K
journal, September 2019
- Ahmadi, Fatemeh; Pirdashti, Mohsen; Arzideh, Seyyed Mohammad
- Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, Vol. 42, Issue 1
Ionic liquids—a novel material for planar photonics
journal, September 2018
- Rola, Krzysztof; Zajac, Adrian; Czajkowski, Maciej
- Nanotechnology, Vol. 29, Issue 47
Free and Bound States of Ions in Ionic Liquids, Conductivity, and Underscreening Paradox
journal, May 2019
- Feng, Guang; Chen, Ming; Bi, Sheng
- Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Ionoelastomer junctions between polymer networks of fixed anions and cations
journal, February 2020
- Kim, Hyeong Jun; Chen, Baohong; Suo, Zhigang
- Science, Vol. 367, Issue 6479
New Directions in Using Ionic Liquids in Analytical Chemistry. 1: Liquid–Liquid Extraction
journal, July 2019
- Pletnev, I. V.; Smirnova, S. V.; Shvedene, N. V.
- Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 74, Issue 7
Atomic Force Spectroscopy on Ionic Liquids
journal, May 2019
- Rodenbücher, Christian; Wippermann, Klaus; Korte, Carsten
- Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 11