DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Oxygen Release Induced Chemomechanical Breakdown of Layered Cathode Materials

Abstract

Chemical and mechanical properties interplay on the nanometric scale and collectively govern the functionalities of battery materials. Understanding the relationship between the two can inform the design of battery materials with optimal chemomechanical properties for long-life lithium batteries. Herein, we report a mechanism of nanoscale mechanical breakdown in layered oxide cathode materials, originating from oxygen release at high states of charge under thermal abuse conditions. Here, we observe that the mechanical breakdown of charged Li1-xNi0.4Mn0.4Co0.2O2 materials proceeds via a two-step pathway involving intergranular and intragranular crack formation. Owing to the oxygen release, sporadic phase transformations from the layered structure to the spinel and/or rocksalt structures introduce local stress, which initiates microcracks along grain boundaries and ultimately leads to the detachment of primary particles; i.e., intergranular crack formation. Furthermore, intragranular cracks (pores and exfoliations) form, likely due to the accumulation of oxygen vacancies and continuous phase transformations at the surfaces of primary particles. Finally, finite element modeling confirms our experimental observation that the crack formation is attributable to formation of oxygen vacancies, oxygen release, and phase transformations. This study is designed to directly observe the chemomechanical behavior of layered oxide cathode materials and provides a chemical basis for strengthening primary andmore » secondary particles by stabilizing the oxygen anions in the lattice.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [5];  [1];  [6];  [5]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
  2. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  3. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
  4. Tianjin Univ. of Technology, Tianjin (China)
  5. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  6. Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai (China)
  7. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)
OSTI Identifier:
1532317
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1438313
Report Number(s):
BNL-205669-2018-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 1530-6984; ark:/13030/qt6kh823p0
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; SC0012704
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nano Letters
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1530-6984
Publisher:
American Chemical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Layered Cathode Materials; cathode; crack; oxygen release; phase transformation

Citation Formats

Mu, Linqin, Lin, Ruoqian, Xu, Rong, Han, Lili, Xia, Sihao, Sokaras, Dimosthenis, Steiner, James D., Weng, Tsu-Chien, Nordlund, Dennis, Doeff, Marca M., Liu, Yijin, Zhao, Kejie, Xin, Huolin L., and Lin, Feng. Oxygen Release Induced Chemomechanical Breakdown of Layered Cathode Materials. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01036.
Mu, Linqin, Lin, Ruoqian, Xu, Rong, Han, Lili, Xia, Sihao, Sokaras, Dimosthenis, Steiner, James D., Weng, Tsu-Chien, Nordlund, Dennis, Doeff, Marca M., Liu, Yijin, Zhao, Kejie, Xin, Huolin L., & Lin, Feng. Oxygen Release Induced Chemomechanical Breakdown of Layered Cathode Materials. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01036
Mu, Linqin, Lin, Ruoqian, Xu, Rong, Han, Lili, Xia, Sihao, Sokaras, Dimosthenis, Steiner, James D., Weng, Tsu-Chien, Nordlund, Dennis, Doeff, Marca M., Liu, Yijin, Zhao, Kejie, Xin, Huolin L., and Lin, Feng. Wed . "Oxygen Release Induced Chemomechanical Breakdown of Layered Cathode Materials". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01036. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1532317.
@article{osti_1532317,
title = {Oxygen Release Induced Chemomechanical Breakdown of Layered Cathode Materials},
author = {Mu, Linqin and Lin, Ruoqian and Xu, Rong and Han, Lili and Xia, Sihao and Sokaras, Dimosthenis and Steiner, James D. and Weng, Tsu-Chien and Nordlund, Dennis and Doeff, Marca M. and Liu, Yijin and Zhao, Kejie and Xin, Huolin L. and Lin, Feng},
abstractNote = {Chemical and mechanical properties interplay on the nanometric scale and collectively govern the functionalities of battery materials. Understanding the relationship between the two can inform the design of battery materials with optimal chemomechanical properties for long-life lithium batteries. Herein, we report a mechanism of nanoscale mechanical breakdown in layered oxide cathode materials, originating from oxygen release at high states of charge under thermal abuse conditions. Here, we observe that the mechanical breakdown of charged Li1-xNi0.4Mn0.4Co0.2O2 materials proceeds via a two-step pathway involving intergranular and intragranular crack formation. Owing to the oxygen release, sporadic phase transformations from the layered structure to the spinel and/or rocksalt structures introduce local stress, which initiates microcracks along grain boundaries and ultimately leads to the detachment of primary particles; i.e., intergranular crack formation. Furthermore, intragranular cracks (pores and exfoliations) form, likely due to the accumulation of oxygen vacancies and continuous phase transformations at the surfaces of primary particles. Finally, finite element modeling confirms our experimental observation that the crack formation is attributable to formation of oxygen vacancies, oxygen release, and phase transformations. This study is designed to directly observe the chemomechanical behavior of layered oxide cathode materials and provides a chemical basis for strengthening primary and secondary particles by stabilizing the oxygen anions in the lattice.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01036},
journal = {Nano Letters},
number = 5,
volume = 18,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {4}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 14 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

Building better batteries
journal, February 2008

  • Armand, M.; Tarascon, J.-M.
  • Nature, Vol. 451, Issue 7179, p. 652-657
  • DOI: 10.1038/451652a

Nickel-Rich Layered Lithium Transition-Metal Oxide for High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, March 2015

  • Liu, Wen; Oh, Pilgun; Liu, Xien
  • Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 54, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409262

A review of Ni-based layered oxides for rechargeable Li-ion batteries
journal, January 2017

  • Xu, Jing; Lin, Feng; Doeff, Marca M.
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1039/C6TA07991A

Surface reconstruction and chemical evolution of stoichiometric layered cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries
journal, March 2014

  • Lin, Feng; Markus, Isaac M.; Nordlund, Dennis
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4529

Understanding the Degradation Mechanisms of LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 Cathode Material in Lithium Ion Batteries
journal, August 2013

  • Jung, Sung-Kyun; Gwon, Hyeokjo; Hong, Jihyun
  • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201300787

Optimization of Acetylene Black Conductive Additive and PVDF Composition for High-Power Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Cells
journal, January 2007

  • Liu, G.; Zheng, H.; Simens, A. S.
  • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1149/1.2792293

A comprehensive understanding of electrode thickness effects on the electrochemical performances of Li-ion battery cathodes
journal, June 2012


Grid indentation analysis of mechanical properties of composite electrodes in Li-ion batteries
journal, December 2016


Fracture of electrodes in lithium-ion batteries caused by fast charging
journal, October 2010

  • Zhao, Kejie; Pharr, Matt; Vlassak, Joost J.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 108, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3492617

In-operando high-speed tomography of lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway
journal, April 2015

  • Finegan, Donal P.; Scheel, Mario; Robinson, James B.
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7924

Rapid Impedance Growth and Gas Production at the Li-Ion Cell Positive Electrode in the Absence of a Negative Electrode
journal, January 2016

  • Xiong, D. J.; Ellis, L. D.; Nelson, K. J.
  • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1149/2.1031614jes

Special Synergy between Electrolyte Additives and Positive Electrode Surface Coating to Enhance the Performance of Li[Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 ]O 2 /Graphite Cells
journal, January 2016

  • Arumugam, Rajalakshmi Senthil; Ma, Lin; Li, Jing
  • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1149/2.0171613jes

Depolarized and Fully Active Cathode Based on Li(Ni 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 )O 2 Embedded in Carbon Nanotube Network for Advanced Batteries
journal, July 2014

  • Wu, Zhongzhen; Han, Xiaogang; Zheng, Jiaxin
  • Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1021/nl5018139

Synthetic optimization of Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 via co-precipitation
journal, December 2004


Nanostructured high-energy cathode materials for advanced lithium batteries
journal, October 2012

  • Sun, Yang-Kook; Chen, Zonghai; Noh, Hyung-Joo
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmat3435

Reversible and High-Capacity Nanostructured Electrode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries
journal, May 2009


Intrinsic Origins of Crack Generation in Ni-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Layered Oxide Cathode Material
journal, January 2017

  • Lim, Jin-Myoung; Hwang, Taesoon; Kim, Duho
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep39669

Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries
journal, October 2004


Electrolytes and Interphases in Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond
journal, October 2014


Correlation between dissolution behavior and electrochemical cycling performance for LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2-based cells
journal, June 2012


Charge-compensation in 3d-transition-metal-oxide intercalation cathodes through the generation of localized electron holes on oxygen
journal, March 2016

  • Luo, Kun; Roberts, Matthew R.; Hao, Rong
  • Nature Chemistry, Vol. 8, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2471

The structural and chemical origin of the oxygen redox activity in layered and cation-disordered Li-excess cathode materials
journal, May 2016

  • Seo, Dong-Hwa; Lee, Jinhyuk; Urban, Alexander
  • Nature Chemistry, Vol. 8, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2524

Reversible anionic redox chemistry in high-capacity layered-oxide electrodes
journal, July 2013

  • Sathiya, M.; Rousse, G.; Ramesha, K.
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmat3699

Profiling the nanoscale gradient in stoichiometric layered cathode particles for lithium-ion batteries
journal, January 2014

  • Lin, Feng; Nordlund, Dennis; Markus, Isaac M.
  • Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 7, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1039/C4EE01400F

Identifying surface structural changes in layered Li-excess nickel manganese oxides in high voltage lithium ion batteries: A joint experimental and theoretical study
journal, January 2011

  • Xu, Bo; Fell, Christopher R.; Chi, Miaofang
  • Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 4, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1039/c1ee01131f

Intragranular cracking as a critical barrier for high-voltage usage of layer-structured cathode for lithium-ion batteries
journal, January 2017

  • Yan, Pengfei; Zheng, Jianming; Gu, Meng
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14101

In Situ Multitechnical Investigation into Capacity Fading of High-Voltage LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2
journal, December 2016

  • Shen, Chong-Heng; Wang, Qi; Chen, Hong-Jiang
  • ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 8, Issue 51
  • DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12597

Corrosion/Fragmentation of Layered Composite Cathode and Related Capacity/Voltage Fading during Cycling Process
journal, July 2013

  • Zheng, Jianming; Gu, Meng; Xiao, Jie
  • Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1021/nl401849t

Deformation and stress in electrode materials for Li-ion batteries
journal, June 2014


Structural Origin of Overcharge-Induced Thermal Instability of Ni-Containing Layered-Cathodes for High-Energy-Density Lithium Batteries
journal, September 2011

  • Wu, Lijun; Nam, Kyung-Wan; Wang, Xiaojian
  • Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 17
  • DOI: 10.1021/cm201452q

TEM Study of Fracturing in Spherical and Plate-like LiFePO[sub 4] Particles
journal, January 2008

  • Gabrisch, H.; Wilcox, J.; Doeff, M. M.
  • Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1149/1.2826746

Characterization of Li-rich layered oxides by using transmission electron microscope
journal, July 2017


Oxygen and transition metal involvement in the charge compensation mechanism of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathodes
journal, January 2012

  • Petersburg, Cole F.; Li, Zheng; Chernova, Natasha A.
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 37
  • DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33392a

Depth-Dependent Redox Behavior of LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O 2
journal, January 2018

  • Tian, Chixia; Nordlund, Dennis; Xin, Huolin L.
  • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1149/2.1021803jes

Surface changes on LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 particles during testing of high-power lithium-ion cells
journal, August 2002


Oxygen-Release-Related Thermal Stability and Decomposition Pathways of Li x Ni 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 Cathode Materials
journal, December 2013

  • Hu, Enyuan; Bak, Seong-Min; Liu, Jue
  • Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1021/cm403400y

Disintegration of Meatball Electrodes for LiNi x Mn y Co z O2 Cathode Materials
journal, May 2017


Reversible chemical delithiation/lithiation of LiFePO4 : towards a redox flow lithium-ion battery
journal, December 2013

  • Huang, Qizhao; Li, Hong; Grätzel, Michael
  • Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., Vol. 15, Issue 6, p. 1793-1797
  • DOI: 10.1039/C2CP44466F

Evidence of Localized Lithium Removal in Layered and Lithiated Spinel Li 1– x CoO 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.9) under Oxygen Evolution Reaction Conditions
journal, January 2015

  • Colligan, Nora; Augustyn, Veronica; Manthiram, Arumugam
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
  • DOI: 10.1021/jp511176j

Charge Heterogeneity and Surface Chemistry in Polycrystalline Cathode Materials
journal, March 2018


Character of Holes in Li x Ni 1 x O and Their Magnetic Behavior
journal, January 1989


Exploring Oxygen Activity in the High Energy P2-Type Na 0.78 Ni 0.23 Mn 0.69 O 2 Cathode Material for Na-Ion Batteries
journal, March 2017

  • Ma, Chuze; Alvarado, Judith; Xu, Jing
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 139, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00164

Investigation of the Charge Compensation Mechanism on the Electrochemically Li-Ion Deintercalated Li 1 - x Co 1/3 Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 Electrode System by Combination of Soft and Hard X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
journal, December 2005

  • Yoon, Won-Sub; Balasubramanian, Mahalingam; Chung, Kyung Yoon
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 127, Issue 49
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja0530568

Influence of synthesis conditions on the surface passivation and electrochemical behavior of layered cathode materials
journal, January 2014

  • Lin, Feng; Nordlund, Dennis; Pan, Taijun
  • J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 2, Issue 46
  • DOI: 10.1039/C4TA04497E

Distinct charge dynamics in battery electrodes revealed by in situ and operando soft X-ray spectroscopy
journal, October 2013

  • Liu, Xiaosong; Wang, Dongdong; Liu, Gao
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3568

Electrode–Electrolyte Interface in Li-Ion Batteries: Current Understanding and New Insights
journal, October 2015

  • Gauthier, Magali; Carney, Thomas J.; Grimaud, Alexis
  • The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01727

Gas–solid interfacial modification of oxygen activity in layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries
journal, July 2016

  • Qiu, Bao; Zhang, Minghao; Wu, Lijun
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12108

Nanoscale Phase Separation, Cation Ordering, and Surface Chemistry in Pristine Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 for Li-Ion Batteries
journal, May 2013

  • Gu, Meng; Genc, Arda; Belharouak, Ilias
  • Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1021/cm4009392

Structural and Chemical Evolution of Li- and Mn-Rich Layered Cathode Material
journal, February 2015

  • Zheng, Jianming; Xu, Pinghong; Gu, Meng
  • Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1021/cm5045978

The Origin of Capacity Fade in the Li 2 MnO 3 ·Li M O 2 ( M = Li, Ni, Co, Mn) Microsphere Positive Electrode: An Operando Neutron Diffraction and Transmission X-ray Microscopy Study
journal, July 2016

  • Chen, Chih-Jung; Pang, Wei Kong; Mori, Tatsuhiro
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 28
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03932

Metal segregation in hierarchically structured cathode materials for high-energy lithium batteries
journal, January 2016


Chemical and Structural Stability of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrode Materials under Electron Beam
journal, July 2014

  • Lin, Feng; Markus, Isaac M.; Doeff, Marca M.
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep05694

Thermal Instability of Cycled Li x Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 Electrodes: An in Situ Synchrotron X-ray Powder Diffraction Study
journal, August 2008

  • Yabuuchi, Naoaki; Kim, Yong-Tae; Li, Hayley H.
  • Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 20, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1021/cm800314d

Phase evolution for conversion reaction electrodes in lithium-ion batteries
journal, February 2014

  • Lin, Feng; Nordlund, Dennis; Weng, Tsu-Chien
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4358

Chemical Expansivity of Electrochemical Ceramics
journal, September 2001


Works referencing / citing this record:

Probing and quantifying cathode charge heterogeneity in Li ion batteries
journal, January 2019

  • Zhang, Yuxin; Yang, Zhijie; Tian, Chixia
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 41
  • DOI: 10.1039/c9ta06977a

Design, characterization, and performance of a hard x-ray transmission microscope at the National Synchrotron Light Source II 18-ID beamline
journal, May 2019

  • Coburn, David Scott; Nazaretski, Evgeny; Xu, Weihe
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 90, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5088124

Propagation topography of redox phase transformations in heterogeneous layered oxide cathode materials
journal, July 2018


A Game Changer: Functional Nano/Micromaterials for Smart Rechargeable Batteries
journal, August 2019

  • Ryu, Jaegeon; Song, Woo‐Jin; Lee, Sangyeop
  • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201902499

High‐Voltage Charging‐Induced Strain, Heterogeneity, and Micro‐Cracks in Secondary Particles of a Nickel‐Rich Layered Cathode Material
journal, March 2019

  • Mao, Yuwei; Wang, Xuelong; Xia, Sihao
  • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201900247

Real-time monitoring of stress development during electrochemical cycling of electrode materials for Li-ion batteries: overview and perspectives
journal, January 2019

  • Jangid, Manoj K.; Mukhopadhyay, Amartya
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 41
  • DOI: 10.1039/c9ta06474e

Long-term chemothermal stability of delithiated NCA in polymer solid-state batteries
journal, January 2019

  • Besli, Münir M.; Usubelli, Camille; Metzger, Michael
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 47
  • DOI: 10.1039/c9ta11103d

Automatic projection image registration for nanoscale X-ray tomographic reconstruction
journal, October 2018


Self-standing Li 1.2 Mn 0.6 Ni 0.2 O 2 /graphene membrane as a binder-free cathode for Li-ion batteries
journal, January 2018

  • Puheng, Yang; Wenxu, Wang; Xiaoliang, Zhang
  • RSC Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 69
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06086j

Oxygen Release Degradation in Li‐Ion Battery Cathode Materials: Mechanisms and Mitigating Approaches
journal, April 2019

  • Sharifi‐Asl, Soroosh; Lu, Jun; Amine, Khalil
  • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201900551

Thermally driven mesoscale chemomechanical interplay in Li 0.5 Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O 2 cathode materials
journal, January 2018

  • Wei, Chenxi; Zhang, Yan; Lee, Sang-Jun
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 45
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8ta08973f

Quantification of Heterogeneous Degradation in Li‐Ion Batteries
journal, May 2019


Unraveling the anionic oxygen loss and related structural evolution within O3-type Na layered oxide cathodes
journal, January 2019

  • Jia, Min; Qiao, Yu; Li, Xiang
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 35
  • DOI: 10.1039/c9ta06186j

Significantly Improved Cyclability of Conversion‐Type Transition Metal Oxyfluoride Cathodes by Homologous Passivation Layer Reconstruction
journal, January 2020

  • Ju, Licheng; Wang, Guanzhi; Liang, Kun
  • Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201903333

Chemomechanical behaviors of layered cathode materials in alkali metal ion batteries
journal, January 2018

  • Xu, Zhengrui; Rahman, Muhammad Mominur; Mu, Linqin
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 44
  • DOI: 10.1039/c8ta06875e

Thermally-driven mesopore formation and oxygen release in delithiated NCA cathode particles
journal, January 2019

  • Besli, Münir M.; Shukla, Alpesh Khushalchand; Wei, Chenxi
  • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 20
  • DOI: 10.1039/c9ta01720h

Degradation and Aging Routes of Ni-Rich Cathode Based Li-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2020

  • Teichert, Philipp; Eshetu, Gebrekidan Gebresilassie; Jahnke, Hannes
  • Batteries, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3390/batteries6010008

Simultaneously Dual Modification of Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathode for High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Batteries
journal, February 2019

  • Yang, Huiping; Wu, Hong‐Hui; Ge, Mingyuan
  • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201808825

Degradation and Aging Routes of Ni-Rich Cathode Based Li-Ion Batteries
text, January 2020

  • Teichert, Philipp; Eshetu, Gebrekidan Gebresilassie; Jahnke, Hannes
  • RWTH Aachen University
  • DOI: 10.18154/rwth-2020-04543

Long-Term Chemothermal Stability of Delithiated NCA in Polymer Solid-State Batteries
text, January 2019