Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795

Title: Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology

Full Record
Other Related Research

Abstract

Heat input and high strain rate deformation during friction stir welding of aluminum and steel resulted in the diffusion-based formation of a Fe_xAl_y intermetallic compound (IMC) layer. Compared with conventional friction stir welding tools, a friction stir scribe tool can reduce heat input significantly limiting the IMC layer thickness (~100–750 nm). Friction stir scribe joined lap joints fractured either through the welded interface or within the base aluminum alloy on the loading side, depending on IMC layer thickness during tensile lap shear testing. In addition, a modified effective heat of formation model predicted that Al₁₃Fe₄ formed first at aluminum/steel interface and, during welding process, was substituted by Al₅Fe₂ with local silicon enrichment, which was verified via microstructural characterization.

Authors:

Wang, Tianhao ^[1];

^[2]; Mishra, Rajiv S. ^[2]; Hovanski, Yuri ^[3]; Upadhyay, Piyush ^[4]; Carlson, Blair ^[5]

Univ. of North Texas, Denton, TX (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Univ. of North Texas, Denton, TX (United States)
Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
General Motors Technical Center, Warren, MI (United States)

Publication Date:: 2019-04-12

Research Org.:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1530733

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1507548

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-142807
Journal ID: ISSN 0264-1275

Grant/Contract Number:: NSF-IIP 1157754; AC05-76RL01830

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Materials & Design

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 174; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0264-1275

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Friction stir scribe technology; Dissimilar; Intermetallic; Thermodynamic; Kinetic

Citation Formats


                    Wang, Tianhao, Sidhar, Harpreet, Mishra, Rajiv S., Hovanski, Yuri, Upadhyay, Piyush, and Carlson, Blair. Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
        Web.  doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795.

Copy to clipboard


                    Wang, Tianhao, Sidhar, Harpreet, Mishra, Rajiv S., Hovanski, Yuri, Upadhyay, Piyush, & Carlson, Blair. Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology.  United States.  doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795.

Copy to clipboard


                    Wang, Tianhao, Sidhar, Harpreet, Mishra, Rajiv S., Hovanski, Yuri, Upadhyay, Piyush, and Carlson, Blair. Fri .  
        "Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology".  United States.  doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1530733.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1530733,

  title        = {Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology},

  author       = {Wang, Tianhao and Sidhar, Harpreet and Mishra, Rajiv S. and Hovanski, Yuri and Upadhyay, Piyush and Carlson, Blair},

  abstractNote = {Heat input and high strain rate deformation during friction stir welding of aluminum and steel resulted in the diffusion-based formation of a FexAly intermetallic compound (IMC) layer. Compared with conventional friction stir welding tools, a friction stir scribe tool can reduce heat input significantly limiting the IMC layer thickness (~100–750 nm). Friction stir scribe joined lap joints fractured either through the welded interface or within the base aluminum alloy on the loading side, depending on IMC layer thickness during tensile lap shear testing. In addition, a modified effective heat of formation model predicted that Al13Fe4 formed first at aluminum/steel interface and, during welding process, was substituted by Al5Fe2 with local silicon enrichment, which was verified via microstructural characterization.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795},

  journal      = {Materials & Design},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 174,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {4}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 3 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Investigation of Interfacial Layer for Friction Stir Scribe Welded Aluminum to Steel Joints

Journal Article Wang, Kaifeng ; Upadhyay, Piyush ; Wang, Yuxiang ; ... - Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering

Friction stir scribe (FSS) welding as a recent derivative of friction stir welding (FSW) has been successfully used to fabricate a linear joint between automotive Al and steel sheets. It has been established that FSS welding generates a hook-like structure at the bimaterial interface. Beyond the hook-like structure, there is a lack of fundamental understanding on the bond formation mechanism during this newly developed FSS welding process. In this work, the microstructures and phases at the joint interface of FSS welded Al to ultra-high-strength steel were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was foundmore »« less
Cited by 1
DOI: 10.1115/1.4040873

Full Text Available
Investigation of Interfacial Layer for Friction Stir Scribe Welded Aluminum to Steel Joints

Journal Article Wang, Kaifeng ; Upadhyay, Piyush ; Wang, Yuxiang ; ... - Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering

Friction stir scribe (FSS) welding as a recent derivative of friction stir welding has successfully fabricated a linear joint between automotive Al and steel sheets. However, there is a lack of understanding on its bonding mechanism. In this paper, the microstructures and phases at the bonding interface of FSS welded Al to ultra-high strength steel joints were studied using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Based on the microstructural analysis, it is found that both mechanical and chemical bonding occurred simultaneously, and the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed that a thin intermetallic compound (IMC) layer was formed at the interface.more »« less
DOI: 10.1115/1.4040873
Friction stir scribe welding technique for dissimilar joining of aluminium and galvanised steel

Journal Article Wang, Tianhao ; Sidhar, Harpreet ; Mishra, Rajiv S. ; ... - Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

Friction stir scribe technology, a derivative of friction stir welding, was applied for the dissimilar lap welding of an aluminum alloy and galvanized mild steel sheets. During the process, the rotating tool with a cobalt steel scribe first penetrated the top material — aluminum — and then the scribe cut the bottom material — steel. The steel was displaced into the upper material to produce a characteristic hook feature. Lap welds were shear tested, and their fracture paths were studied. Welding parameters affected the welding features including hook height, which turned out to be highly related to fracture position. Therefore,more »« less
DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2017.1381460
FRICTION STIR LAP WELDING OF ALUMINUM - POLYMER USING SCRIBE TECHNOLOGY

Conference Upadhyay, Piyush ; Hovanski, Yuri ; Fifield, Leonard S. ; ...

Friction Stir Scribe (FSS) technology is a relatively new variant of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) which enables lap joining of dissimilar material with very different melting points and different high temperature flow behaviors. The cutter scribe attached at the tip of FSW tool pin effectively cuts the high melting point material such that a mechanically interlocking feature is created between the dissimilar materials. The geometric shape of this interlocking feature determines the shear strength attained by the lap joint. This work presents first use of scribe technology in joining polymers to aluminum alloy. Details of the several runs of scribemore »« less
DOI: 10.1002/9781119093343.ch17
Friction stir welding joint of dissimilar materials between AZ31B magnesium and 6061 aluminum alloys: Microstructure studies and mechanical characterizations

Journal Article Mohammadi, J. ; Behnamian, Y. ; Mostafaei, A., E-mail: amir.mostafaei@gmail.com ; ... - Materials Characterization

Friction stir welding is an efficient manufacturing method for joining dissimilar alloys, which can dramatically reduce grain sizes and offer high mechanical joint efficiency. Lap FSW joints between dissimilar AZ31B and Al 6061 alloy sheets were made at various tool rotation and travel speeds. Rotation and travel speeds varied between 560–1400 r/min and 16–40 mm/min respectively, where the ratio between these parameters was such that nearly constant pitch distances were applied during welding. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), optical microscopy images (OM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were used to investigatemore »« less
DOI: 10.1016/J.MATCHAR.2015.01.008

Similar Records