How Indium Nitride Senses Water

Jovic, Vedran; Moser, Simon; Ulstrup, Søren; Goodacre, Dana; Dimakis, Emmanouil; Koch, Roland; Katsoukis, Georgios; Moreschini, Luca; Mo, Sung-Kwan; Jozwiak, Chris; Bostwick, Aaron; Rotenberg, Eli; Moustakas, Theodore D.; Smith, Kevin E.

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02985

Title: How Indium Nitride Senses Water

Journal Article · 07 November 2017 · Nano Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02985 · OSTI ID:1530314

^[1]; Moser, Simon ^[2]; Ulstrup, Søren ^[2]; Goodacre, Dana ^[3];

^[4]; Koch, Roland ^[2]; Katsoukis, Georgios ^[5]; Moreschini, Luca ^[2];

^[2]; Jozwiak, Chris ^[2]; Bostwick, Aaron ^[2]; Rotenberg, Eli ^[2]; Moustakas, Theodore D. ^[4]; Smith, Kevin E. ^[6]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS); Univ. of Auckland (Newzealand)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)
Univ. of Auckland (Newzealand)
Boston Univ., MA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of Auckland (Newzealand); Boston Univ., MA (United States)

The unique electronic band structure of indium nitride InN, part of the industrially significant III-N class of semiconductors, offers charge transport properties with great application potential due to its robust n-type conductivity. Here, we explore the water sensing mechanism of InN thin films. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, core level spectroscopy, and theory, we derive the charge carrier density and electrical potential of a two-dimensional electron gas, 2DEG, at the InN surface and monitor its electronic properties upon in situ modulation of adsorbed water. An electric dipole layer formed by water molecules raises the surface potential and accumulates charge in the 2DEG, enhancing surface conductivity. Our intuitive model provides a novel route toward understanding the water sensing mechanism in InN and, more generally, for understanding sensing material systems beyond InN.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1530314

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 12; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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