The evolution of galaxy shapes in CANDELS: from prolate to discy

Zhang, Haowen; Primack, Joel R.; Faber, S. M.; Koo, David C.; Dekel, Avishai; Chen, Zhu; Ceverino, Daniel; Chang, Yu-Yen; Fang, Jerome J.; Guo, Yicheng; Lin, Lin; Wel, Arjen van der

doi:10.1093/mnras/stz339

Title: The evolution of galaxy shapes in CANDELS: from prolate to discy

Journal Article · 05 February 2019 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz339 · OSTI ID:1529949

^[1]; Primack, Joel R. ^[2]; Faber, S. M. ^[3]; Koo, David C. ^[3]; Dekel, Avishai ^[4]; Chen, Zhu ^[5]; Ceverino, Daniel ^[6]; Chang, Yu-Yen ^[7]; Fang, Jerome J. ^[8]; Guo, Yicheng ^[9]; Lin, Lin ^[10]; Wel, Arjen van der ^[11]

Peking Univ., Beijing (China). The School of Physics, and Kavli Inst. of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States). Physics Dept., and Santa Cruz Inst. for Particle Physics (SCIPP)
Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, UCO/Lick Observatory
Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States). Santa Cruz Inst. for Particle Physics (SCIPP); Hebrew Univ., Jerusalem (Israel). Racah Inst. of Physics
Shanghai Normal Univ. (China). Mathematics and Science College
Zentrum für Astronomie der Univ., Heidelberg (Germany). Inst. für Theoretische Astrophysik,
Academia Sinica Inst. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Taipei (Taiwan)
Orange Coast College, Costa Mesa, CA (United States)
Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (China)
Univ. Gent (Belgium). Sterrenkundig Observatorium; Max-Planck Inst. für Astronomie, Heidelberg (Germany)

In this study, we model the projected b/a – log a distributions of CANDELS star-forming main-sequence galaxies, where a (b) is the half-light semimajor (semiminor) axis of the galaxy images measured by GALFIT. We find that smaller a galaxies are rounder at all stellar masses M* and redshifts, so we include a when analysing b/a distributions. Approximating intrinsic shapes of the galaxies as triaxial ellipsoids and assuming a multivariate normal distribution of galaxy size and two shape parameters, we construct their intrinsic shape and size distributions to obtain the fractions of elongated (prolate), discy (oblate), and spheroidal galaxies in each redshift and mass bin. We find that galaxies tend to be prolate at low M* and high redshifts, and discy at high M* and low redshifts, qualitatively consistent with van der Wel et al., implying that galaxies tend to evolve from prolate to discy. These results are consistent with the predictions from simulations that the transition from prolate to oblate is caused by a compaction event at a characteristic mass range, making the galaxy centre baryon dominated. We give probabilities of a galaxy’s being elongated, discy, or spheroidal as a function of its M*, redshift, and projected b/a and a, which can facilitate target selections of galaxies with specific shapes at high redshifts.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1529949

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 484; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Royal Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Deep learning for galaxy surface brightness profile fitting Tuccillo, D.; Huertas-Company, M.; Decencière, E. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1711.03108	text	January 2017
Deep Learning Identifies High-z Galaxies in a Central Blue Nugget Phase in a Characteristic Mass Range Huertas-Company, M.; Primack, J. R.; Dekel, A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1804.07307	text	January 2018
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The Morphological Diversities Among Star-forming Galaxies at High Redshifts in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) Ravindranath, S.; Giavalisco, M.; Ferguson, H. C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0606696	text	January 2006
New Insight on Galaxy Formation and Evolution from Keck Spectroscopy of the Hawaii Deep Fields Cowie, Lennox L.; Songaila, Antoinette; Hu, Esther M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9606079	text	January 1996

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