Direct measurement of discrete valley and orbital quantum numbers in bilayer graphene
Abstract
The high magnetic field electronic structure of bilayer graphene is enhanced by the spin, valley isospin, and an accidental orbital degeneracy, leading to a complex phase diagram of broken symmetry states. Here, we present a technique for measuring the layer-resolved charge density, from which we directly determine the valley and orbital polarization within the zero energy Landau level. Layer polarization evolves in discrete steps across 32 electric field-tuned phase transitions between states of different valley, spin, and orbital order, including previously unobserved orbitally polarized states stabilized by skew interlayer hopping. We fit our data to a model that captures both single-particle and interaction-induced anisotropies, providing a complete picture of this correlated electron system. The resulting roadmap to symmetry breaking paves the way for deterministic engineering of fractional quantum Hall states, while our layer-resolved technique is readily extendable to other two-dimensional materials where layer polarization maps to the valley or spin quantum numbers.
- Authors:
-
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics; Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Physics; Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States). Dept. of Physics
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Physics
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- National Inst. for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan)
- Microsoft Research, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Station Q
- Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1529936
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1545718
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-08ER46514
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS
Citation Formats
Hunt, B. M., Li, J. I. A., Zibrov, A. A., Wang, L., Taniguchi, T., Watanabe, K., Hone, J., Dean, C. R., Zaletel, M., Ashoori, R. C., and Young, A. F. Direct measurement of discrete valley and orbital quantum numbers in bilayer graphene. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00824-w.
Hunt, B. M., Li, J. I. A., Zibrov, A. A., Wang, L., Taniguchi, T., Watanabe, K., Hone, J., Dean, C. R., Zaletel, M., Ashoori, R. C., & Young, A. F. Direct measurement of discrete valley and orbital quantum numbers in bilayer graphene. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00824-w
Hunt, B. M., Li, J. I. A., Zibrov, A. A., Wang, L., Taniguchi, T., Watanabe, K., Hone, J., Dean, C. R., Zaletel, M., Ashoori, R. C., and Young, A. F. Mon .
"Direct measurement of discrete valley and orbital quantum numbers in bilayer graphene". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00824-w. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1529936.
@article{osti_1529936,
title = {Direct measurement of discrete valley and orbital quantum numbers in bilayer graphene},
author = {Hunt, B. M. and Li, J. I. A. and Zibrov, A. A. and Wang, L. and Taniguchi, T. and Watanabe, K. and Hone, J. and Dean, C. R. and Zaletel, M. and Ashoori, R. C. and Young, A. F.},
abstractNote = {The high magnetic field electronic structure of bilayer graphene is enhanced by the spin, valley isospin, and an accidental orbital degeneracy, leading to a complex phase diagram of broken symmetry states. Here, we present a technique for measuring the layer-resolved charge density, from which we directly determine the valley and orbital polarization within the zero energy Landau level. Layer polarization evolves in discrete steps across 32 electric field-tuned phase transitions between states of different valley, spin, and orbital order, including previously unobserved orbitally polarized states stabilized by skew interlayer hopping. We fit our data to a model that captures both single-particle and interaction-induced anisotropies, providing a complete picture of this correlated electron system. The resulting roadmap to symmetry breaking paves the way for deterministic engineering of fractional quantum Hall states, while our layer-resolved technique is readily extendable to other two-dimensional materials where layer polarization maps to the valley or spin quantum numbers.},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-017-00824-w},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = 1,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {10}
}
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:

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Figures / Tables found in this record: