Using Ducted Fuel Injection to Attenuate Soot Formation in a Mixing-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine

doi:10.4271/03-12-03-0021

Title: Using Ducted Fuel Injection to Attenuate Soot Formation in a Mixing-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine

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Abstract

Ducted fuel injection (DFI) has been introduced as a strategy to enhance the fuel/charge gas mixing within the combustion chamber of a direct-injection mixing-controlled compression ignition engine. The concept involves injecting each fuel spray through a small tube within the combustion chamber to facilitate the creation of a leaner mixture in the autoignition zone, relative to a conventional free-spray configuration (i.e., a fuel spray that is not surrounded by a duct). While previous experiments demonstrated that DFI lowers both soot incandescence and soot mass in a constant-volume combustion vessel with a single-component normal-alkane fuel (n-dodecane), here we provide the first evidence that the technology provides similar benefits in an engine application using a commercial diesel fuel containing ~30 wt% aromatics. The present study investigates the effects on engine-out emissions and efficiency with a two-orifice injector tip for charge gas mixtures containing 16 and 21 mol% oxygen. The result is that DFI is confirmed to be effective at curtailing engine-out soot emissions. It also breaks the tradeoff between emissions of soot and nitrogen oxides (NOx) by simultaneously attenuating soot and NO_x with increasing dilution.

Authors:

Nilsen, Christopher W. ^[1]; Biles, Drummond E. ^[1]; Mueller, Charles J. ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: 2019-05-10

Research Org.:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Bioenergy Technologies Office (EE-3B); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1529141

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1559549

Report Number(s):: SAND-2019-1518J; SAND-2018-12942J
Journal ID: ISSN 1946-3944; 672499

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: SAE International Journal of Engines (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: SAE International Journal of Engines (Online); Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1946-3944

Publisher:: SAE International

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS; Ducted fuel injection; Diesel; Soot; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats


                    Nilsen, Christopher W., Biles, Drummond E., and Mueller, Charles J. Using Ducted Fuel Injection to Attenuate Soot Formation in a Mixing-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
        Web.  doi:10.4271/03-12-03-0021.

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                    Nilsen, Christopher W., Biles, Drummond E., & Mueller, Charles J. Using Ducted Fuel Injection to Attenuate Soot Formation in a Mixing-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine.  United States.  doi:10.4271/03-12-03-0021.

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                    Nilsen, Christopher W., Biles, Drummond E., and Mueller, Charles J. Fri .  
        "Using Ducted Fuel Injection to Attenuate Soot Formation in a Mixing-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine".  United States.  doi:10.4271/03-12-03-0021.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1529141.

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@article{osti_1529141,

  title        = {Using Ducted Fuel Injection to Attenuate Soot Formation in a Mixing-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine},

  author       = {Nilsen, Christopher W. and Biles, Drummond E. and Mueller, Charles J.},

  abstractNote = {Ducted fuel injection (DFI) has been introduced as a strategy to enhance the fuel/charge gas mixing within the combustion chamber of a direct-injection mixing-controlled compression ignition engine. The concept involves injecting each fuel spray through a small tube within the combustion chamber to facilitate the creation of a leaner mixture in the autoignition zone, relative to a conventional free-spray configuration (i.e., a fuel spray that is not surrounded by a duct). While previous experiments demonstrated that DFI lowers both soot incandescence and soot mass in a constant-volume combustion vessel with a single-component normal-alkane fuel (n-dodecane), here we provide the first evidence that the technology provides similar benefits in an engine application using a commercial diesel fuel containing ~30 wt% aromatics. The present study investigates the effects on engine-out emissions and efficiency with a two-orifice injector tip for charge gas mixtures containing 16 and 21 mol% oxygen. The result is that DFI is confirmed to be effective at curtailing engine-out soot emissions. It also breaks the tradeoff between emissions of soot and nitrogen oxides (NOx) by simultaneously attenuating soot and NOx with increasing dilution.},

  doi          = {10.4271/03-12-03-0021},

  journal      = {SAE International Journal of Engines (Online)},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 12,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {5}

}

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