Fast lithium growth and short circuit induced by localized-temperature hotspots in lithium batteries

Zhu, Yangying; Xie, Jin; Pei, Allen; Liu, Bofei; Wu, Yecun; Lin, Dingchang; Li, Jun; Wang, Hansen; Chen, Hao; Xu, Jinwei; Yang, Ankun; Wu, Chun -Lan; Wang, Hongxia; Chen, Wei; Cui, Yi

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09924-1

Title: Fast lithium growth and short circuit induced by localized-temperature hotspots in lithium batteries

Journal Article · 06 May 2019 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09924-1 · OSTI ID:1528880

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^[1]; Liu, Bofei ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Li, Jun ^[1];

^[1]; Chen, Hao ^[1]; Xu, Jinwei ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Chen, Wei ^[1];

^[3]

Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); ShanghaiTech Univ., Shanghai (China)
Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Fast-charging and high-energy-density batteries pose significant safety concerns due to high rates of heat generation. Understanding how localized high temperatures affect the battery is critical but remains challenging, mainly due to the difficulty of probing battery internal temperature with high spatial resolution. Here we introduce a method to induce and sense localized high temperature inside a lithium battery using micro-Raman spectroscopy. We discover that temperature hotspots can induce significant lithium metal growth as compared to the surrounding lower temperature area due to the locally enhanced surface exchange current density. More importantly, localized high temperature can be one of the factors to cause battery internal shorting, which further elevates the temperature and increases the risk of thermal runaway. This work provides important insights on the effects of heterogeneous temperatures within batteries and aids the development of safer batteries, thermal management schemes, and diagnostic tools.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1528880

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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