skip to main content
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Fast lithium growth and short circuit induced by localized-temperature hotspots in lithium batteries

Abstract

Fast-charging and high-energy-density batteries pose significant safety concerns due to high rates of heat generation. Understanding how localized high temperatures affect the battery is critical but remains challenging, mainly due to the difficulty of probing battery internal temperature with high spatial resolution. Here we introduce a method to induce and sense localized high temperature inside a lithium battery using micro-Raman spectroscopy. We discover that temperature hotspots can induce significant lithium metal growth as compared to the surrounding lower temperature area due to the locally enhanced surface exchange current density. More importantly, localized high temperature can be one of the factors to cause battery internal shorting, which further elevates the temperature and increases the risk of thermal runaway. This work provides important insights on the effects of heterogeneous temperatures within batteries and aids the development of safer batteries, thermal management schemes, and diagnostic tools.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
  2. Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); ShanghaiTech Univ., Shanghai (China)
  3. Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1528880
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Communications
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE

Citation Formats

Zhu, Yangying, Xie, Jin, Pei, Allen, Liu, Bofei, Wu, Yecun, Lin, Dingchang, Li, Jun, Wang, Hansen, Chen, Hao, Xu, Jinwei, Yang, Ankun, Wu, Chun -Lan, Wang, Hongxia, Chen, Wei, and Cui, Yi. Fast lithium growth and short circuit induced by localized-temperature hotspots in lithium batteries. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09924-1.
Copy to clipboard
Zhu, Yangying, Xie, Jin, Pei, Allen, Liu, Bofei, Wu, Yecun, Lin, Dingchang, Li, Jun, Wang, Hansen, Chen, Hao, Xu, Jinwei, Yang, Ankun, Wu, Chun -Lan, Wang, Hongxia, Chen, Wei, & Cui, Yi. Fast lithium growth and short circuit induced by localized-temperature hotspots in lithium batteries. United States. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09924-1.
Copy to clipboard
Zhu, Yangying, Xie, Jin, Pei, Allen, Liu, Bofei, Wu, Yecun, Lin, Dingchang, Li, Jun, Wang, Hansen, Chen, Hao, Xu, Jinwei, Yang, Ankun, Wu, Chun -Lan, Wang, Hongxia, Chen, Wei, and Cui, Yi. Mon . "Fast lithium growth and short circuit induced by localized-temperature hotspots in lithium batteries". United States. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09924-1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1528880.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1528880,
title = {Fast lithium growth and short circuit induced by localized-temperature hotspots in lithium batteries},
author = {Zhu, Yangying and Xie, Jin and Pei, Allen and Liu, Bofei and Wu, Yecun and Lin, Dingchang and Li, Jun and Wang, Hansen and Chen, Hao and Xu, Jinwei and Yang, Ankun and Wu, Chun -Lan and Wang, Hongxia and Chen, Wei and Cui, Yi},
abstractNote = {Fast-charging and high-energy-density batteries pose significant safety concerns due to high rates of heat generation. Understanding how localized high temperatures affect the battery is critical but remains challenging, mainly due to the difficulty of probing battery internal temperature with high spatial resolution. Here we introduce a method to induce and sense localized high temperature inside a lithium battery using micro-Raman spectroscopy. We discover that temperature hotspots can induce significant lithium metal growth as compared to the surrounding lower temperature area due to the locally enhanced surface exchange current density. More importantly, localized high temperature can be one of the factors to cause battery internal shorting, which further elevates the temperature and increases the risk of thermal runaway. This work provides important insights on the effects of heterogeneous temperatures within batteries and aids the development of safer batteries, thermal management schemes, and diagnostic tools.},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-019-09924-1},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = 1,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {5}
}
Copy to clipboard
Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
DOI:  10.1038/s41467-019-09924-1
Copyright Statement
Other availability
Search WorldCat Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 16 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Experimental setup. a Schematic (not to scale) of a modified coin cell with an optically transparent glass window for laser access to graphene as a temperature indicator and the thermally evaporated Cu current collector. b G-band Raman peak position of the graphene as a function of the temperature.more » The temperature coefficient was obtained from the slope of the linear fit (dashed line). The inset shows the schematic of the calibration setup. c Temperature of the hotspot on Cu generated by a 532 nm laser in a coin cell as a function of the laser power. The dots are experimental results and the solid line is from thermal simulation in COMSOL Multiphysics« less
All figures and tables (4 total)
Save / Share:
Export Metadata
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.

Works referenced in this record:

Hybrid Control of a Wind Induction Generator Based on Grey–Elman Neural Network
journal, November 2013

  • Lin, Whei-Min; Hong, Chih-Ming; Huang, Cong-Hui
  • IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, Vol. 21, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1109/TCST.2012.2231865

Challenges for Rechargeable Li Batteries
journal, February 2010

  • Goodenough, John B.; Kim, Youngsik
  • Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 3, p. 587-603
  • DOI: 10.1021/cm901452z

Advancing Lithium Metal Batteries
journal, May 2018

Electro-thermal modeling and experimental validation for lithium ion battery
journal, February 2012

Observation of Lithium Dendrites at Ambient Temperature and Below
journal, December 2014

  • Love, C. T.; Baturina, O. A.; Swider-Lyons, K. E.
  • ECS Electrochemistry Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1149/2.0041502eel

Transport Properties of LiPF[sub 6]-Based Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes
journal, January 2005

  • Valo̸en, Lars Ole; Reimers, Jan N.
  • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1149/1.1872737

A Critical Review of Thermal Issues in Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2011

  • Bandhauer, Todd M.; Garimella, Srinivas; Fuller, Thomas F.
  • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 158, Issue 3, p. R1-R25
  • DOI: 10.1149/1.3515880

Low-temperature anharmonic phonon properties of supported graphene
journal, January 2017

Electro-thermal analysis of Lithium Iron Phosphate battery for electric vehicles
journal, March 2014

Reviving the lithium metal anode for high-energy batteries
journal, March 2017

  • Lin, Dingchang; Liu, Yayuan; Cui, Yi
  • Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 12, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2017.16

Variable temperature Raman microscopy as a nanometrology tool for graphene layers and graphene-based devices
journal, August 2007

  • Calizo, I.; Miao, F.; Bao, W.
  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 91, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2771379

Strong texturing of lithium metal in batteries
journal, October 2017

  • Shi, Feifei; Pei, Allen; Vailionis, Arturas
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 46
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1708224114

Temperature Dependence of the Raman Spectra of Graphene and Graphene Multilayers
journal, September 2007

  • Calizo, I.; Balandin, A. A.; Bao, W.
  • Nano Letters, Vol. 7, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1021/nl071033g

The path towards sustainable energy
journal, December 2016

  • Chu, Steven; Cui, Yi; Liu, Nian
  • Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmat4834

Control of lithium metal anode cycleability by electrolyte temperature
journal, September 1999

Promises and challenges of nanomaterials for lithium-based rechargeable batteries
journal, June 2016

Thermal Model for a Li-Ion Cell
journal, January 2008

  • Kumaresan, Karthikeyan; Sikha, Godfrey; White, Ralph E.
  • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 155, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1149/1.2817888

Design principles for electrolytes and interfaces for stable lithium-metal batteries
journal, September 2016

Electrical Energy Storage for the Grid: A Battery of Choices
journal, November 2011

Toward Safe Lithium Metal Anode in Rechargeable Batteries: A Review
journal, July 2017

Three-dimensionai temperature and current distribution in a battery module
journal, June 1995

Effect of Temperature on the Aging rate of Li Ion Battery Operating above Room Temperature
journal, August 2015

  • Leng, Feng; Tan, Cher Ming; Pecht, Michael
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep12967

In-operando high-speed tomography of lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway
journal, April 2015

  • Finegan, Donal P.; Scheel, Mario; Robinson, James B.
  • Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7924

Lithium metal anodes for rechargeable batteries
journal, January 2014

  • Xu, Wu; Wang, Jiulin; Ding, Fei
  • Energy Environ. Sci., Vol. 7, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1039/C3EE40795K

Thermal runaway caused fire and explosion of lithium ion battery
journal, June 2012

Optical Constants of the Noble Metals
journal, December 1972

Materials for lithium-ion battery safety
journal, June 2018

Stabilizing Lithium Metal Anodes by Uniform Li-Ion Flux Distribution in Nanochannel Confinement
journal, November 2016

  • Liu, Wei; Lin, Dingchang; Pei, Allen
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 47
  • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08730

Temperature dependence of the Raman spectra of carbon nanotubes
journal, October 1998

  • Huang, Fumin; Yue, Kwok To; Tan, Pingheng
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 84, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.368585

Crystal size and temperature measurements in nanostructured silicon using Raman spectroscopy
journal, October 2001

  • Viera, G.; Huet, S.; Boufendi, L.
  • Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 90, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1398601

Simple empirical analytical approximation to the Voigt profile
journal, January 2001

  • Liu, Yuyan; Lin, Jieli; Huang, Guangming
  • Journal of the Optical Society of America B, Vol. 18, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.18.000666
    [ × clear filter / sort ]

    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Enabling Stable Lithium Metal Anode through Electrochemical Kinetics Manipulation
    journal, September 2019

    • Han, Yehu; Jie, Yulin; Huang, Fanyang
    • Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 46
    • DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201904629
      [ × clear filter / sort ]

      Figures / Tables found in this record:

      Fig. 1 (p. 3)figure
      Fig. 2 (p. 3)figure
      Fig. 3 (p. 5)figure
      Fig. 4 (p. 5)figure
        [ × clear filter / sort ]
        Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

        Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections: