Title: r-Process Nucleosynthesis: Connecting Rare-Isotope Beam Facilities with the Cosmos

Abstract

This is a pivotal time for the study of r-process nucleosynthesis. Recently, a neutron star merger GW170817 was observed in extraordinary detail with gravitational waves and electromagnetic radiation from radio to γ rays. The very red color of the associated kilonova suggests that neutron star mergers are an important r-process site. Astrophysical simulations of neutron star mergers and core collapse supernovae are making rapid progress. Detection of both electron neutrinos and antineutrinos from the next Galactic supernova will constrain the composition of neutrino-driven winds and provide unique nucleosynthesis information. Finally, FRIB and other rare-isotope beam facilities will soon have dramatic new capabilities to synthesize many neutron-rich nuclei that are involved in the r-process. The new capabilities can significantly improve our understanding of the r-process and likely resolve one of the main outstanding problems in classical nuclear astrophysics. Yet, to make best use of the new experimental capabilities and to fully interpret the results, a great deal of infrastructure is needed in many related areas of astronomy, astrophysics, and nuclear theory. We place these experiments in context by discussing astrophysical simulations and observations of r-process sites, observations of stellar abundances, Galactic chemical evolution, and nuclear theory for the structure and reactionsmore » of very neutron-rich nuclei. This review paper was initiated at a three week International Collaborations in Nuclear Theory program in June 2016, where we explored promising r-process experiments and discussed their likely impact, and their astronomical, astrophysical, and nuclear theory context.« less

Authors:

Horowitz, Charles J. ^[1]; Arcones, Almudena ^[2]; Cote, Benoit ^[3]; Dillmann, Iris ^[4]; Nazarewicz, Witold ^[5]; Roederer, Ian ^[6]; Schatz, Hendrik  ^[5];

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Aprahamian, Ani ^[7]; Atanasov, Dinko ^[8]; Bauswein, Andreas ^[9]; Beers, T. C. ^[7]; Bliss, Julia ^[2]; Brodeur, Maxime ^[7]; Clark, Jason ^[10]; Frebel, Anna ^[11]; Foucart, Francois ^[12]; Hansen, Camilla ^[13]; Just, Oliver ^[14]; Kankainen, Anu ^[15]; McLaughlin, Gail ^[16] more »; Kelly, James ^[7]; Liddick, Sean ^[5]; Lee, Duane ^[17]; Lippuner, Jonas  ^[18];

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Martin, Dirk ^[2]; Mendoza-Temis, Joel ^[19]; Metzger, Brian T. ^[20]; Mumpower, Matthew  ^[21];

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Perdikakis, Georgios ^[22]; Pereira, Jorge ^[5]; O'Shea, Brian ^[5]; Reifarth, Rene ^[23]; Rogers, Andy ^[24]; Siegel, Daniel ^[20]; Spyrou, Artemis ^[5]; Surman, Rebecca ^[7]; Tang, Xiao-Dong ^[25]; Uesaka, Tomohiro ^[14]; Wang, Meng ^[25] « less

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States)
2. Technical Univ. of Darmstadt (Germany)
3. Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Budapest (Hungary)
4. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
5. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
6. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
7. Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
8. European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland)
9. Heidelberg Inst. for Theoretical Studies (HITS gGmbH) (Germany)
10. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
11. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
12. Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
13. Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark)
14. RIKEN, Wako (Japan)
15. Univ. of Jyvaskyla (Finland)
16. North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States)
17. Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States)
18. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
19. Univ. of Veracruz, Xalapa, Veracruz (Mexico)
20. Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
21. Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
22. Central Michigan Univ., Mount Pleasant, MI (United States)
23. Goethe Univ., Frankfurt (Germany)
24. Univ. of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA (United States)
25. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, Gansu (China)

Publication Date:

2019-07-12

Research Org.:

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation (NA-20); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP) (SC-26)

OSTI Identifier:

1525822

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1574224

Report Number(s):

LA-UR-18-22069
Journal ID: ISSN 0954-3899

Grant/Contract Number:  

89233218CNA000001; SC0013365; NA0002847; SC0018083; FG02-87ER40365; AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 46; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 0954-3899

Publisher:

IOP Publishing

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; galactic chemical evolution; nucleosynthesis; r-process nucleosynthesis; rare-isotope beam facilities