Climate-driven oscillation of phosphorus and iron limitation in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Letelier, Ricardo M.; Björkman, Karin M.; Church, Matthew J.; Hamilton, Douglas S.; Mahowald, Natalie M.; Scanza, Rachel A.; Schneider, Niklas; White, Angelicque E.; Karl, David M.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1900789116

Title: Climate-driven oscillation of phosphorus and iron limitation in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Journal Article · 09 June 2019 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900789116 · OSTI ID:1525531

;

The supply of nutrients is a fundamental regulator of ocean productivity and carbon sequestration. Nutrient sources, sinks, residence times, and elemental ratios vary over broad scales, including those resulting from climate-driven changes in upper water column stratification, advection, and the deposition of atmospheric dust. These changes can alter the proximate elemental control of ecosystem productivity with cascading ecological effects and impacts on carbon sequestration. Here, we report multidecadal observations revealing that the ecosystem in the eastern region of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) oscillates on subdecadal scales between inorganic phosphorus (P _i ) sufficiency and limitation, when P _i concentration in surface waters decreases below 50–60 nmol⋅kg ⁻¹ . In situ observations and model simulations suggest that sea-level pressure changes over the northwest Pacific may induce basin-scale variations in the atmospheric transport and deposition of Asian dust-associated iron (Fe), causing the eastern portion of the NPSG ecosystem to shift between states of Fe and P _i limitation. Our results highlight the critical need to include both atmospheric and ocean circulation variability when modeling the response of open ocean pelagic ecosystems under future climate change scenarios.

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Research Organization:: Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: International Pacific Research Center (IPRC); Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23). Climate and Environmental Sciences Division

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0006735; SC0006791

OSTI ID:: 1525531

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Issue: 26 Vol. 116; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Pacific Decadal Oscillation
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
atmospheric iron deposition
climate
pelagic ecosystem
phosphorus limitation

Title: Climate-driven oscillation of phosphorus and iron limitation in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

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