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Title: Tuning infrared plasmon resonances in doped metal-oxide nanocrystals through cation-exchange reactions

Abstract

Metal-oxide nanocrystals doped with aliovalent atoms can exhibit tunable infrared localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs). Yet, the range of dopant types and concentrations remains limited for many metal-oxide hosts, largely because of the difficulty in establishing reaction kinetics that favors dopant incorporation by using the co-thermolysis method. Here we develop cation-exchange reactions to introduce p-type dopants (Cu+, Ag+, etc.) into n-type metal-oxide nanocrystals, producing programmable LSPR redshifts due to dopant compensation. We further demonstrate that enhanced n-type doping can be realized via sequential cation-exchange reactions mediated by the Cu+ ions. Cation-exchange transformations add a new dimension to the design of plasmonic nanocrystals, allowing preformed nanocrystals to be used as templates to create compositionally diverse nanocrystals with well-defined LSPR characteristics. The ability to tailor the doping profile postsynthetically opens the door to a multitude of opportunities to deepen our understanding of the relationship between local structure and LSPR properties.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6]; ORCiD logo [7];  [8];  [2]
  1. Soochow Univ., Jiangsu (China); Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States)
  2. Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States)
  3. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Xi’an Jiaotong Univ., Xi’an (China)
  4. Xi’an Jiaotong Univ., Xi’an (China); Nankai Univ., Tianjin (China)
  5. Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States)
  6. Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
  7. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  8. Soochow Univ., Jiangsu (China)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
National Key Research and Development Program of China; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1524626
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1507103
Report Number(s):
BNL-211551-2019-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723; 152748
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357; SC0012704
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Communications
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY; 29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY AND ECONOMY; localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs); plasmonic; Nannoparticles

Citation Formats

Liu, Zeke, Zhong, Yaxu, Shafei, Ibrahim, Borman, Ryan, Jeong, Soojin, Chen, Jun, Losovyj, Yaroslav, Gao, Xinfeng, Li, Na, Du, Yaping, Sarnello, Erik, Li, Tao, Su, Dong, Ma, Wanli, and Ye, Xingchen. Tuning infrared plasmon resonances in doped metal-oxide nanocrystals through cation-exchange reactions. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09165-2.
Liu, Zeke, Zhong, Yaxu, Shafei, Ibrahim, Borman, Ryan, Jeong, Soojin, Chen, Jun, Losovyj, Yaroslav, Gao, Xinfeng, Li, Na, Du, Yaping, Sarnello, Erik, Li, Tao, Su, Dong, Ma, Wanli, & Ye, Xingchen. Tuning infrared plasmon resonances in doped metal-oxide nanocrystals through cation-exchange reactions. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09165-2
Liu, Zeke, Zhong, Yaxu, Shafei, Ibrahim, Borman, Ryan, Jeong, Soojin, Chen, Jun, Losovyj, Yaroslav, Gao, Xinfeng, Li, Na, Du, Yaping, Sarnello, Erik, Li, Tao, Su, Dong, Ma, Wanli, and Ye, Xingchen. Wed . "Tuning infrared plasmon resonances in doped metal-oxide nanocrystals through cation-exchange reactions". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09165-2. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1524626.
@article{osti_1524626,
title = {Tuning infrared plasmon resonances in doped metal-oxide nanocrystals through cation-exchange reactions},
author = {Liu, Zeke and Zhong, Yaxu and Shafei, Ibrahim and Borman, Ryan and Jeong, Soojin and Chen, Jun and Losovyj, Yaroslav and Gao, Xinfeng and Li, Na and Du, Yaping and Sarnello, Erik and Li, Tao and Su, Dong and Ma, Wanli and Ye, Xingchen},
abstractNote = {Metal-oxide nanocrystals doped with aliovalent atoms can exhibit tunable infrared localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs). Yet, the range of dopant types and concentrations remains limited for many metal-oxide hosts, largely because of the difficulty in establishing reaction kinetics that favors dopant incorporation by using the co-thermolysis method. Here we develop cation-exchange reactions to introduce p-type dopants (Cu+, Ag+, etc.) into n-type metal-oxide nanocrystals, producing programmable LSPR redshifts due to dopant compensation. We further demonstrate that enhanced n-type doping can be realized via sequential cation-exchange reactions mediated by the Cu+ ions. Cation-exchange transformations add a new dimension to the design of plasmonic nanocrystals, allowing preformed nanocrystals to be used as templates to create compositionally diverse nanocrystals with well-defined LSPR characteristics. The ability to tailor the doping profile postsynthetically opens the door to a multitude of opportunities to deepen our understanding of the relationship between local structure and LSPR properties.},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-019-09165-2},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = 1,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Mar 27 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Wed Mar 27 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}

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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Synthesis and structural characterization of Cu:ICO NCs. a Reaction scheme of the selective cation-exchange reaction. b–e TEM images of (b) ICO NCs ($λ$initial = 2196 nm) and c–e Cu:ICO NCs synthesized by reacting ICO NCs with varying concentrations of CuCl2. f STEM-HAADF image of a single NC formore » samples shown in (e). g–j STEM-EELS elemental maps of Cu:ICO NCs obtained after reacting ICO NCs with 75mM CuCl2. Elemental maps for (g) Cu, (h) Cd, (i) In, and (j) overlay of three micrographs are shown. Scale bars: (b–e) 20 nm, (f) 2 nm, and (g–j) 10 nm. k Elemental composition of ICO and Cu:ICO NCs measured with SEM-EDS (assuming Cu + Cd +In =100%). The total Cd content of pristine ICO NCs was determined by using ICP-MS. l Plot of the atomic ratio between Cd and In for Cu:ICO NCs vs. the input Cu/Cd ratio. m and n Statistical analysis of NC size for ICO and Cu:ICO NCs based on (m) TEM images and (n) SAXS data. o Powder XRD patterns of ICO and Cu:ICO NCs. The pattern of vertical lines shown at the bottom corresponds to the powder XRD pattern of bulk CdO phase (JCPDS Card no. 03-065-2908). The error bars in (k) and (m) represent the standard deviation between measurements on the same sample. A minimum of three SEX-EDX measurements were performed over different spots to determine the average atomic ratios presented in (k). The NC size values shown in (m) were determined by statistical analysis of more than 1000 NCs from TEM images« less

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Doped Nanocrystals
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Heavily Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystal Quantum Dots
text, January 2021


Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.