Combining disdrometer, microscopic photography, and cloud radar to study distributions of hydrometeor types, size and fall velocity
Abstract
Addressing solid precipitation poses additional challenges compared to warm rain due to complex hydrometeor shapes involved, including the dependence of fall velocity on hydrometeor sizes, hydrometeor size distributions, and hydrometeor classification. This study is an extension of our previous work (Niu et al., 2010) to address these challenges by combining measurements from a PARSIVEL disdrometer, microscope photography, and millimeter wavelength cloud radar. The combined measurements are analyzed to classify the precipitation hydrometeor types, examine the dependence of fall velocity on hydrometeor sizes for different hydrometeor types, and determine the best distributions to describe the hydrometeor size distributions of different hydrometeor types. The results show: (1) Hydrometeors can be classified to four main types of raindrop, graupel, snowflake and mixed-phase according to the dependence of terminal velocity on particle sizes, corresponding microscope photos and cloud radar observations; (2) There are significant scatters in fall velocity for a given hydrometer size velocities, and the fall velocity spread for the solid hydrometeors appear wider than that for raindrops across hydrometeor sizes, with that for the mixed-phase precipitation being largest, suggesting that the effects of hydrometeor shape on hydrometeor fall velocities; (3) Hydrometeor size distributions for the four types can all be well describedmore »
- Authors:
-
[2];
- Chinese Meteorological Administration, Beijing (China); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Beijing Weather Modification Office (China)
- Nanjing Univ. of Information Science & Technology (China)
- Chinese Meteorological Administration, Beijing (China)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1524546
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-211738-2019-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 0169-8095
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0012704
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Atmospheric Research
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 228; Journal ID: ISSN 0169-8095
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Jia, Xingcan, Liu, Yangang, Ding, Deping, Ma, Xincheng, Chen, Yichen, Kai, Bi, Tian, Ping, Lu, Chunsong, and Quan, Jiannong. Combining disdrometer, microscopic photography, and cloud radar to study distributions of hydrometeor types, size and fall velocity. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.05.025.
Jia, Xingcan, Liu, Yangang, Ding, Deping, Ma, Xincheng, Chen, Yichen, Kai, Bi, Tian, Ping, Lu, Chunsong, & Quan, Jiannong. Combining disdrometer, microscopic photography, and cloud radar to study distributions of hydrometeor types, size and fall velocity. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.05.025
Jia, Xingcan, Liu, Yangang, Ding, Deping, Ma, Xincheng, Chen, Yichen, Kai, Bi, Tian, Ping, Lu, Chunsong, and Quan, Jiannong. Fri .
"Combining disdrometer, microscopic photography, and cloud radar to study distributions of hydrometeor types, size and fall velocity". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.05.025. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1524546.
@article{osti_1524546,
title = {Combining disdrometer, microscopic photography, and cloud radar to study distributions of hydrometeor types, size and fall velocity},
author = {Jia, Xingcan and Liu, Yangang and Ding, Deping and Ma, Xincheng and Chen, Yichen and Kai, Bi and Tian, Ping and Lu, Chunsong and Quan, Jiannong},
abstractNote = {Addressing solid precipitation poses additional challenges compared to warm rain due to complex hydrometeor shapes involved, including the dependence of fall velocity on hydrometeor sizes, hydrometeor size distributions, and hydrometeor classification. This study is an extension of our previous work (Niu et al., 2010) to address these challenges by combining measurements from a PARSIVEL disdrometer, microscope photography, and millimeter wavelength cloud radar. The combined measurements are analyzed to classify the precipitation hydrometeor types, examine the dependence of fall velocity on hydrometeor sizes for different hydrometeor types, and determine the best distributions to describe the hydrometeor size distributions of different hydrometeor types. The results show: (1) Hydrometeors can be classified to four main types of raindrop, graupel, snowflake and mixed-phase according to the dependence of terminal velocity on particle sizes, corresponding microscope photos and cloud radar observations; (2) There are significant scatters in fall velocity for a given hydrometer size velocities, and the fall velocity spread for the solid hydrometeors appear wider than that for raindrops across hydrometeor sizes, with that for the mixed-phase precipitation being largest, suggesting that the effects of hydrometeor shape on hydrometeor fall velocities; (3) Hydrometeor size distributions for the four types can all be well described by the Gamma or Weibull distribution; Weibull (Gamma) distribution performs better when skewness is less (larger) than 2.},
doi = {10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.05.025},
journal = {Atmospheric Research},
number = ,
volume = 228,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Fri May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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