Using failed supernovae to constrain the Galactic r-process element production

Wehmeyer, B.; Fröhlich, C.; Côté, B.; Pignatari, M.; Thielemann, F-K

doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1310

Title: Using failed supernovae to constrain the Galactic r-process element production

Journal Article · 15 May 2019 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1310 · OSTI ID:1524482

Wehmeyer, B. ^[1];

^[1]; Côté, B. ^[2]; Pignatari, M. ^[3]; Thielemann, F-K ^[4]

Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, 2401 Stinson Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695-8202, USA, Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics – Center for the Evolution of the Elements
Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary, Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics – Center for the Evolution of the Elements, NuGrid collaborations, http://nugridstars.org
Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary, E.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics & Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK, Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics – Center for the Evolution of the Elements, NuGrid collaborations, http://nugridstars.org
University of Basel, Department of Physics, Klingelbergstr. 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Planckstraße 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany

ABSTRACT Rapid neutron capture process (r-process) elements have been detected in a large fraction of metal-poor halo stars, with abundances relative to iron (Fe) that vary by over two orders of magnitude. This scatter is reduced to less than a factor of 3 in younger Galactic disc stars. The large scatter of r-process elements in the early Galaxy suggests that the r-process is made by rare events, like compact binary mergers and rare sub-classes of supernovae. Although being rare, neutron star mergers alone have difficulties to explain the observed enhancement of r-process elements in the lowest metallicity stars compared to Fe. The supernovae producing the two neutron stars already provide a substantial Fe abundance where the r-process ejecta from the merger would be injected. In this work we investigate another complementary scenario, where the r-process occurs in neutron star-black hole mergers in addition to neutron star mergers. Neutron star-black hole mergers would eject similar amounts of r-process matter as neutron star mergers, but only the neutron star progenitor would have produced Fe. Furthermore, a reduced efficiency of Fe production from single stars significantly alters the age–metallicity relation, which shifts the onset of r-process production to lower metallicities. We use the high-resolution [(20 pc)3/cell] inhomogeneous chemical evolution tool ‘ICE’ to study the outcomes of these effects. In our simulations, an adequate combination of neutron star mergers and neutron star-black hole mergers qualitatively reproduces the observed r-process abundances in the Galaxy.

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Research Organization:: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST); European Research Council; National Science Foundation (NSF); Research Corporation for Science Advancement; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC); University of Hull

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-02ER41216; SC0010263

OSTI ID:: 1524482

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 487; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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The s process: Nuclear physics, stellar models, and observations Käppeler, F.; Gallino, R.; Bisterzo, S. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.83.157	journal	April 2011
Colloquium : Perspectives on core-collapse supernova theory Burrows, Adam Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.85.245	journal	February 2013
The Stellar Abundances for Galactic Archaeology (SAGA) data base - II. Implications for mixing and nucleosynthesis in extremely metal-poor stars and chemical enrichment of the Galaxy: SAGA data base - II Suda, Takuma; Yamada, Shimako; Katsuta, Yutaka Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.17943.x	journal	February 2011
On the astrophysical robustness of the neutron star merger r-process: Robust r-process in neutron star mergers Korobkin, O.; Rosswog, S.; Arcones, A. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 426, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21859.x	journal	October 2012
Neutron star mergers as sites of r-process nucleosynthesis and short gamma-ray bursts Hotokezaka, Kenta; Beniamini, Paz; Piran, Tsvi International Journal of Modern Physics D, Vol. 27, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218271818420051	journal	October 2018
Stellar Multiplicity Duchêne, Gaspard; Kraus, Adam Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081710-102602	journal	August 2013
Nucleosynthesis in Stars and the Chemical Enrichment of Galaxies Nomoto, Ken'ichi; Kobayashi, Chiaki; Tominaga, Nozomu Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082812-140956	journal	August 2013
Neutron Star Mergers and Nucleosynthesis of Heavy Elements Thielemann, F. -K.; Eichler, M.; Panov, I. V. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 67, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-101916-123246	journal	October 2017
From Nuclei to the Cosmos: Tracing Heavy-Element Production with the Oldest Stars Frebel, Anna Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 68, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-101917-021141	journal	October 2018
Physics of Core-Collapse Supernovae in Three Dimensions: A Sneak Preview Janka, Hans-Thomas; Melson, Tobias; Summa, Alexander Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 66, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-102115-044747	journal	October 2016
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The Evolution and Impacts of Magnetorotational Instability in Magnetized Core-Collapse Supernovae Sawai, Hidetomo; Yamada, Shoichi The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 817, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/153	journal	January 2016
A Two-Parameter Criterion for Classifying the Explodability of Massive Stars by the Neutrino-Driven Mechanism Ertl, T.; Janka, H. -Th.; Woosley, S. E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 818, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/124	journal	February 2016
Core-Collapse Supernovae from 9 to 120 Solar Masses Based on Neutrino-Powered Explosions Sukhbold, Tuguldur; Ertl, T.; Woosley, S. E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 821, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/821/1/38	journal	April 2016
CONTRIBUTION OF NEUTRON STAR MERGERS TO THE r-PROCESS CHEMICAL EVOLUTION IN THE HIERARCHICAL GALAXY FORMATION Komiya, Yutaka; Shigeyama, Toshikazu The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 830, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/830/2/76	journal	October 2016
Advanced LIGO Constraints on Neutron Star Mergers and r-process Sites Côté, Benoit; Belczynski, Krzysztof; Fryer, Chris L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 836, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa5c8d	journal	February 2017
Formation of Double Neutron Star Systems Tauris, T. M.; Kramer, M.; Freire, P. C. C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 846, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa7e89	journal	September 2017
The R -process Alliance: First Release from the Southern Search for R -process-enhanced Stars in the Galactic Halo Hansen, Terese T.; Holmbeck, Erika M.; Beers, Timothy C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 858, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aabacc	journal	May 2018
The Diversity of Kilonova Emission in Short Gamma-Ray Bursts Gompertz, B. P.; Levan, A. J.; Tanvir, N. R. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 860, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac206	journal	June 2018
Explosive Nucleosynthesis in Near-Chandrasekhar-mass White Dwarf Models for Type Ia Supernovae: Dependence on Model Parameters Leung, Shing-Chi; Nomoto, Ken’ichi The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac2df	journal	July 2018
Stochastic Chemical Evolution of Galactic Subhalos and the Origin of r -process Elements Ojima, Takuya; Ishimaru, Yuhri; Wanajo, Shinya The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 865, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aada11	journal	September 2018
PUSHing Core-collapse Supernovae to Explosions in Spherical Symmetry. II. Explodability and Remnant Properties Ebinger, Kevin; Curtis, Sanjana; Fröhlich, Carla The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 870, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae7c9	journal	December 2018
PUSHing Core-collapse Supernovae to Explosions in Spherical Symmetry. III. Nucleosynthesis Yields Curtis, Sanjana; Ebinger, Kevin; Fröhlich, Carla The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 870, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae7d2	journal	December 2018
Neutron Star Mergers Might Not Be the Only Source of r -process Elements in the Milky Way Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Arcones, Almudena The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab10db	journal	April 2019
Presupernova Evolution and Explosive Nucleosynthesis of Rotating Massive Stars in the Metallicity Range −3 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ 0 Limongi, Marco; Chieffi, Alessandro The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 237, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aacb24	journal	July 2018
The Intermediate r-process in Core-collapse Supernovae Driven by the Magneto-rotational Instability Nishimura (西村信, N.; Sawai (澤井秀, H.; Takiwaki (滝脇知, T. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 836, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa5dee	journal	February 2017
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. II. UV, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves and Comparison to Kilonova Models Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Berger, E.; Villar, V. A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa8fc7	journal	October 2017
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. IV. Detection of Near-infrared Signatures of r -process Nucleosynthesis with Gemini-South Chornock, R.; Berger, E.; Kasen, D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa905c	journal	October 2017
The Emergence of a Lanthanide-rich Kilonova Following the Merger of Two Neutron Stars Tanvir, N. R.; Levan, A. J.; González-Fernández, C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa90b6	journal	October 2017
Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9	journal	October 2017
Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa920c	journal	October 2017
The Combined Ultraviolet, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves of the Kilonova Associated with the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817: Unified Data Set, Analytic Models, and Physical Implications Villar, V. A.; Guillochon, J.; Berger, E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 851, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9c84	journal	December 2017
The GW170817/GRB 170817A/AT 2017gfo Association: Some Implications for Physics and Astrophysics Wang, Hao; Zhang, Fu-Wen; Wang, Yuan-Zhu The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 851, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9e08	journal	December 2017

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