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Title: Observation and characterization of a cosmic muon neutrino flux from the Northern Hemisphere using six years of IceCube Data

Abstract

The IceCube Collaboration has previously discovered a high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux using neutrino events with interaction vertices contained within the instrumented volume of the IceCube detector. We present a complementary measurement using charged current muon neutrino events where the interaction vertex can be outside this volume. As a consequence of the large muon range the effective area is significantly larger but the field of view is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere. IceCube data from 2009 through 2015 have been analyzed using a likelihood approach based on the reconstructed muon energy and zenith angle. At the highest neutrino energies between $$194\,\mathrm{TeV}$$ and $$7.8\,\mathrm{PeV}$$ a significant astrophysical contribution is observed, excluding a purely atmospheric origin of these events at $$5.6\sigma $$ significance. The data are well described by an isotropic, unbroken power-law flux with a normalization at $$100\,\mathrm{TeV}$$ neutrino energy of $$({0.90}_{-0.27}^{+0.30})\times {10}^{-18}\,{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{cm}}^{-2}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{sr}}^{-1}$$ and a hard spectral index of $$\gamma =2.13\pm 0.13$$. The observed spectrum is harder in comparison to previous IceCube analyses with lower energy thresholds which may indicate a break in the astrophysical neutrino spectrum of unknown origin. The highest-energy event observed has a reconstructed muon energy of $$(4.5\pm 1.2)\,\mathrm{PeV}$$ which implies a probability of less than $$0.005 \% $$ for this event to be of atmospheric origin. Analyzing the arrival directions of all events with reconstructed muon energies above $$200\,\mathrm{TeV}$$ no correlation with known γ-ray sources was found. Using the high statistics of atmospheric neutrinos we report the current best constraints on a prompt atmospheric muon neutrino flux originating from charmed meson decays which is below 1.06 in units of the flux normalization of the model in Enberg et al.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [11];  [12];  [13];  [14];  [15];  [14];  [16];  [17];  [18];  [19] more »;  [20];  [21];  [22];  [23];  [24];  [25];  [3];  [26];  [27];  [28];  [22];  [15];  [25];  [3];  [7];  [29];  [21];  [30];  [31];  [32];  [6];  [33];  [3];  [32];  [34];  [33];  [25];  [35]; ORCiD logo [34];  [36];  [37];  [38];  [14];  [14];  [39];  [23];  [40];  [41];  [33];  [31];  [42];  [43]; ORCiD logo [35];  [33]; ORCiD logo [33];  [44];  [41];  [35];  [31];  [30];  [45];  [46];  [31];  [31];  [47];  [46];  [48]; ORCiD logo [42];  [35];  [49];  [35];  [25];  [19];  [7];  [7];  [31];  [3];  [25];  [29];  [42]; ORCiD logo [50];  [28];  [35];  [51];  [35];  [15]; ORCiD logo [3];  [52];  [33];  [42];  [51];  [35];  [15];  [43];  [32];  [35];  [53];  [15];  [15];  [35];  [44];  [5];  [54];  [25];  [54];  [41];  [1];  [25];  [54];  [2];  [55];  [46];  [2];  [7];  [30];  [56];  [3];  [57];  [30];  [35];  [14];  [2];  [37];  [58];  [35]; ORCiD logo [8];  [35];  [46];  [35];  [15];  [35];  [30];  [3];  [59];  [8];  [28];  [60];  [61];  [62];  [15];  [18];  [51];  [54];  [53];  [3];  [2];  [47];  [13];  [35];  [33];  [3];  [63];  [56];  [43];  [46];  [53];  [54];  [41];  [59];  [15];  [15];  [56];  [64];  [65];  [66];  [41];  [35];  [47];  [67];  [56];  [25];  [35];  [68];  [53];  [69];  [43];  [69];  [35];  [5];  [28];  [3];  [34];  [14];  [3];  [54];  [41];  [59];  [51];  [52];  [54];  [25];  [5];  [70];  [42];  [46];  [31];  [15];  [70];  [32];  [69];  [5];  [19];  [52];  [46];  [5];  [15];  [53];  [71];  [15];  [63];  [56];  [2];  [69];  [63];  [51];  [1];  [15];  [30];  [69];  [43];  [41];  [35];  [51];  [69];  [31]; ORCiD logo [72];  [3];  [15];  [69];  [25]; ORCiD logo [15];  [47];  [15];  [42];  [65];  [54];  [25];  [65];  [3];  [15];  [42];  [3];  [31];  [52];  [52];  [3];  [32];  [3];  [25]; ORCiD logo [73];  [32];  [74];  [28];  [47];  [75];  [3];  [46];  [42];  [70];  [35];  [33];  [35];  [76];  [2];  [32];  [3];  [35];  [33];  [43];  [35];  [3];  [2];  [15];  [77];  [43];  [7];  [1];  [15];  [35];  [51];  [46];  [35]; ORCiD logo [35];  [1];  [15];  [31];  [15];  [35];  [70];  [63]; ORCiD logo [7];  [51];  [51];  [19];  [35];  [49];  [59];  [3];  [17];  [78];  [7] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Adelaide, SA (Australia). Dept. of Physics
  2. Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany). Dept. Physik
  3. DESY, Zeuthen (Germany)
  4. Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch (New Zealand). Christchurch (New Zealand). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  5. Univ. Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (Belgium)
  6. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center
  7. Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). Oskar Klein Centre and Dept. of Physics
  8. Friedrich-Alexander-Univ. Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen (Germany). Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics
  9. Marquette Univ., Milwaukee, WI (United States). Dept. of Physics
  10. Pennsylvanie State Univ., PA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  11. Univ. de Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (Belgium)
  12. Friedrich-Alexander-Univ. Erlagen-Nurnberg, Erlangen (Germany). Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics
  13. Univ. of Mainz (Germany). Inst. for Physics
  14. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  15. RWTH Aachen Univ. (Germany). Physikalisches Inst.
  16. South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD (United States). Physics Dept.
  17. Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  18. Univ. of Mainz (Germany). Inst. for Physics
  19. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  20. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Physics; The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics; The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  21. Ruhr-Univ. Bochum, Bochum (Germany). Fakultat fur Physik & Astronomie
  22. Univ. of Wuppertal, Wuppertal (Germany). Dept. of Physics
  23. Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  24. Moscow Engineering Physics Inst., Moscow (Russia). National Research Nuclear Univ. MEPhI
  25. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Dept. of Physics
  26. Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany) Physik Dept.
  27. Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence, KS (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  28. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  29. TU Dortmund Univ., Dortmund (Germany). Dept. of Physics
  30. Sungkyunkwan Univ., Suwon (Republic of Korea). Dept. of Physics
  31. Univ. of Mainz (Germany). Inst. of Physics
  32. Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  33. Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels (Belgium)
  34. Univ. de Geneve (Switzerland). Dept. de Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire
  35. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Physics; Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center
  36. Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada). Dept. of Physics
  37. Westfalische Wilhelms-Univ. Munster (Germany). Inst. fur Kernphysik
  38. Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany). Physik Dept.
  39. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept of Physics; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics
  40. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Physics; Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States) Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center
  41. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  42. Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States). Bartol Research Inst. and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  43. Univ. of Gent (Belgium). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  44. Humboldt-Univ. zu Berlin (Germany). Inst. fur Physik
  45. Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). Oskar Klein Center and Dept. of Physics
  46. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept of Physics
  47. Ruhr-Univ. Bochum (Germany). Fakultat fur Physik & Astronomie
  48. Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Phsyics and Astronomy
  49. Southern Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  50. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  51. Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada). Dept. of Physics
  52. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  53. Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark). The Niels Bohr Inst.
  54. Univ. of Wuppertal (Germany). Dept. of Physics
  55. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Physics; Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center; Univ. of Tokyo (Japan). Earthquake Research Inst.
  56. Chiba Univ. (Japan). Dept. of Physics and Inst. for Global Prominent Research
  57. Clark-Atlanta Univ., Atlanta, GA (United States). CTSPS
  58. DESY, Zeuthen (Germany).
  59. Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  60. Univ. de Mons (Belgium)
  61. Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States). Bartol Research Inst. and Dept. of Physics
  62. Humboldt Univ. of Berlin (Germany). Inst. fur Physik
  63. Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  64. Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels (Germany)
  65. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Physics
  66. Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussles (Belgium)
  67. Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States). Dept. of Physics
  68. Univ. Libre de Bruxelles, Brussles (Belgium)
  69. TU Dortmund Univ. (Germany). Dept. of Physics
  70. Univ. of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  71. Univ. of Alaska Anchorage, AK (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  72. Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark). The Niels Bohr Inst.; Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics
  73. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept. of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics
  74. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics
  75. Southern Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (united States). Dept. of Physics
  76. Friedrich-Alexander-Univ. Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen (Germany). Erlangen Cantre for Astroparticle Physics
  77. Univ. Bonn (Germany). Physikalisches Inst.
  78. Chiba Univ. (Japan). Dept. of Physicsand Inst. for Global Prominent Research
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
Contributing Org.:
Icecube Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1524218
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 833; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; astroparticle physics; methods: data analysis; neutrinos

Citation Formats

Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., BenZvi, S., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., André, J. P. A. M. de, Clercq, C. De, Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., Ridder, S. De, Desiati, P., Vries, K. D. de, Wasseige, G. de, With, M. de, DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Lorenzo, V. di, Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fösig, C. -C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glagla, M., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Ismail, A. Haj, Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, B., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemp, J., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Krüger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Leuner, J., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O’Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Penek, Ö., Pepper, J. A., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schimp, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stahlberg, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Ström, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Eijndhoven, N. van, Vanheule, S., Rossem, M. van, Santen, J. van, Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zoll, M. Observation and characterization of a cosmic muon neutrino flux from the Northern Hemisphere using six years of IceCube Data. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/833/1/3.
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Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., BenZvi, S., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., André, J. P. A. M. de, Clercq, C. De, Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., Ridder, S. De, Desiati, P., Vries, K. D. de, Wasseige, G. de, With, M. de, DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Lorenzo, V. di, Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fösig, C. -C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glagla, M., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Ismail, A. Haj, Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, B., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemp, J., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Krüger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Leuner, J., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O’Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Penek, Ö., Pepper, J. A., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schimp, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stahlberg, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Ström, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Eijndhoven, N. van, Vanheule, S., Rossem, M. van, Santen, J. van, Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., & Zoll, M. Observation and characterization of a cosmic muon neutrino flux from the Northern Hemisphere using six years of IceCube Data. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/833/1/3
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Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., BenZvi, S., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., André, J. P. A. M. de, Clercq, C. De, Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., Ridder, S. De, Desiati, P., Vries, K. D. de, Wasseige, G. de, With, M. de, DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Lorenzo, V. di, Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fösig, C. -C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glagla, M., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Ismail, A. Haj, Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, B., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemp, J., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Krüger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Leuner, J., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O’Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Penek, Ö., Pepper, J. A., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schimp, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stahlberg, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Ström, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Eijndhoven, N. van, Vanheule, S., Rossem, M. van, Santen, J. van, Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zoll, M. Thu . "Observation and characterization of a cosmic muon neutrino flux from the Northern Hemisphere using six years of IceCube Data". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/833/1/3. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1524218.
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@article{osti_1524218,
title = {Observation and characterization of a cosmic muon neutrino flux from the Northern Hemisphere using six years of IceCube Data},
author = {Aartsen, M. G. and Abraham, K. and Ackermann, M. and Adams, J. and Aguilar, J. A. and Ahlers, M. and Ahrens, M. and Altmann, D. and Andeen, K. and Anderson, T. and Ansseau, I. and Anton, G. and Archinger, M. and Argüelles, C. and Auffenberg, J. and Axani, S. and Bai, X. and Barwick, S. W. and Baum, V. and Bay, R. and Beatty, J. J. and Tjus, J. Becker and Becker, K. -H. and BenZvi, S. and Berghaus, P. and Berley, D. and Bernardini, E. and Bernhard, A. and Besson, D. Z. and Binder, G. and Bindig, D. and Bissok, M. and Blaufuss, E. and Blot, S. and Bohm, C. and Börner, M. and Bos, F. and Bose, D. and Böser, S. and Botner, O. and Braun, J. and Brayeur, L. and Bretz, H. -P. and Burgman, A. and Carver, T. and Casier, M. and Cheung, E. and Chirkin, D. and Christov, A. and Clark, K. and Classen, L. and Coenders, S. and Collin, G. H. and Conrad, J. M. and Cowen, D. F. and Cross, R. and Day, M. and André, J. P. A. M. de and Clercq, C. De and Rosendo, E. del Pino and Dembinski, H. and Ridder, S. De and Desiati, P. and Vries, K. D. de and Wasseige, G. de and With, M. de and DeYoung, T. and Díaz-Vélez, J. C. and Lorenzo, V. di and Dujmovic, H. and Dumm, J. P. and Dunkman, M. and Eberhardt, B. and Ehrhardt, T. and Eichmann, B. and Eller, P. and Euler, S. and Evenson, P. A. and Fahey, S. and Fazely, A. R. and Feintzeig, J. and Felde, J. and Filimonov, K. and Finley, C. and Flis, S. and Fösig, C. -C. and Franckowiak, A. and Friedman, E. and Fuchs, T. and Gaisser, T. K. and Gallagher, J. and Gerhardt, L. and Ghorbani, K. and Giang, W. and Gladstone, L. and Glagla, M. and Glüsenkamp, T. and Goldschmidt, A. and Golup, G. and Gonzalez, J. G. and Grant, D. and Griffith, Z. and Haack, C. and Ismail, A. Haj and Hallgren, A. and Halzen, F. and Hansen, E. and Hansmann, B. and Hansmann, T. and Hanson, K. and Hebecker, D. and Heereman, D. and Helbing, K. and Hellauer, R. and Hickford, S. and Hignight, J. and Hill, G. C. and Hoffman, K. D. and Hoffmann, R. and Holzapfel, K. and Hoshina, K. and Huang, F. and Huber, M. and Hultqvist, K. and In, S. and Ishihara, A. and Jacobi, E. and Japaridze, G. S. and Jeong, M. and Jero, K. and Jones, B. J. P. and Jurkovic, M. and Kappes, A. and Karg, T. and Karle, A. and Katz, U. and Kauer, M. and Keivani, A. and Kelley, J. L. and Kemp, J. and Kheirandish, A. and Kim, M. and Kintscher, T. and Kiryluk, J. and Kittler, T. and Klein, S. R. and Kohnen, G. and Koirala, R. and Kolanoski, H. and Konietz, R. and Köpke, L. and Kopper, C. and Kopper, S. and Koskinen, D. J. and Kowalski, M. and Krings, K. and Kroll, M. and Krückl, G. and Krüger, C. and Kunnen, J. and Kunwar, S. and Kurahashi, N. and Kuwabara, T. and Labare, M. and Lanfranchi, J. L. and Larson, M. J. and Lauber, F. and Lennarz, D. and Lesiak-Bzdak, M. and Leuermann, M. and Leuner, J. and Lu, L. and Lünemann, J. and Madsen, J. and Maggi, G. and Mahn, K. B. M. and Mancina, S. and Mandelartz, M. and Maruyama, R. and Mase, K. and Maunu, R. and McNally, F. and Meagher, K. and Medici, M. and Meier, M. and Meli, A. and Menne, T. and Merino, G. and Meures, T. and Miarecki, S. and Mohrmann, L. and Montaruli, T. and Moulai, M. and Nahnhauer, R. and Naumann, U. and Neer, G. and Niederhausen, H. and Nowicki, S. C. and Nygren, D. R. and Pollmann, A. Obertacke and Olivas, A. and O’Murchadha, A. and Palczewski, T. and Pandya, H. and Pankova, D. V. and Peiffer, P. and Penek, Ö. and Pepper, J. A. and Heros, C. Pérez de los and Pieloth, D. and Pinat, E. and Price, P. B. and Przybylski, G. T. and Quinnan, M. and Raab, C. and Rädel, L. and Rameez, M. and Rawlins, K. and Reimann, R. and Relethford, B. and Relich, M. and Resconi, E. and Rhode, W. and Richman, M. and Riedel, B. and Robertson, S. and Rongen, M. and Rott, C. and Ruhe, T. and Ryckbosch, D. and Rysewyk, D. and Sabbatini, L. and Herrera, S. E. Sanchez and Sandrock, A. and Sandroos, J. and Sarkar, S. and Satalecka, K. and Schimp, M. and Schlunder, P. and Schmidt, T. and Schoenen, S. and Schöneberg, S. and Schumacher, L. and Seckel, D. and Seunarine, S. and Soldin, D. and Song, M. and Spiczak, G. M. and Spiering, C. and Stahlberg, M. and Stanev, T. and Stasik, A. and Steuer, A. and Stezelberger, T. and Stokstad, R. G. and Stößl, A. and Ström, R. and Strotjohann, N. L. and Sullivan, G. W. and Sutherland, M. and Taavola, H. and Taboada, I. and Tatar, J. and Tenholt, F. and Ter-Antonyan, S. and Terliuk, A. and Tešić, G. and Tilav, S. and Toale, P. A. and Tobin, M. N. and Toscano, S. and Tosi, D. and Tselengidou, M. and Turcati, A. and Unger, E. and Usner, M. and Vandenbroucke, J. and Eijndhoven, N. van and Vanheule, S. and Rossem, M. van and Santen, J. van and Veenkamp, J. and Vehring, M. and Voge, M. and Vraeghe, M. and Walck, C. and Wallace, A. and Wallraff, M. and Wandkowsky, N. and Weaver, Ch. and Weiss, M. J. and Wendt, C. and Westerhoff, S. and Whelan, B. J. and Wickmann, S. and Wiebe, K. and Wiebusch, C. H. and Wille, L. and Williams, D. R. and Wills, L. and Wolf, M. and Wood, T. R. and Woolsey, E. and Woschnagg, K. and Xu, D. L. and Xu, X. W. and Xu, Y. and Yanez, J. P. and Yodh, G. and Yoshida, S. and Zoll, M.},
abstractNote = {The IceCube Collaboration has previously discovered a high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux using neutrino events with interaction vertices contained within the instrumented volume of the IceCube detector. We present a complementary measurement using charged current muon neutrino events where the interaction vertex can be outside this volume. As a consequence of the large muon range the effective area is significantly larger but the field of view is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere. IceCube data from 2009 through 2015 have been analyzed using a likelihood approach based on the reconstructed muon energy and zenith angle. At the highest neutrino energies between $194\,\mathrm{TeV}$ and $7.8\,\mathrm{PeV}$ a significant astrophysical contribution is observed, excluding a purely atmospheric origin of these events at $5.6\sigma $ significance. The data are well described by an isotropic, unbroken power-law flux with a normalization at $100\,\mathrm{TeV}$ neutrino energy of $({0.90}_{-0.27}^{+0.30})\times {10}^{-18}\,{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{cm}}^{-2}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{sr}}^{-1}$ and a hard spectral index of $\gamma =2.13\pm 0.13$. The observed spectrum is harder in comparison to previous IceCube analyses with lower energy thresholds which may indicate a break in the astrophysical neutrino spectrum of unknown origin. The highest-energy event observed has a reconstructed muon energy of $(4.5\pm 1.2)\,\mathrm{PeV}$ which implies a probability of less than $0.005 \% $ for this event to be of atmospheric origin. Analyzing the arrival directions of all events with reconstructed muon energies above $200\,\mathrm{TeV}$ no correlation with known γ-ray sources was found. Using the high statistics of atmospheric neutrinos we report the current best constraints on a prompt atmospheric muon neutrino flux originating from charmed meson decays which is below 1.06 in units of the flux normalization of the model in Enberg et al.},
doi = {10.3847/0004-637X/833/1/3},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 833,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Thu Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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Figure 1 Figure 1: Distribution of the expected neutrino energy (left) and zenith angle (right) for the data selection of this analysis. Shown are the distributions of conventional atmospheric neutrinos (Honda et al. 2007), prompt atmospheric neutrinos (Enberg et al. 2008) where both are corrected for the cosmic-ray spectrum in Gaisser (2012),more » and a benchmark astrophysical signal n 10-18 GeV-1 cm-2 sr-1 s-1($E_v $/100 TeV)-2.« less
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Measurement of South Pole ice transparency with the IceCube LED calibration system
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Calibration and characterization of the IceCube photomultiplier tube
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  • Abbasi, R.; Abdou, Y.; Abu-Zayyad, T.
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Search for a diffuse flux of astrophysical muon neutrinos with the IceCube 59-string configuration
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Particle astrophysics with high energy neutrinos
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Neutrino Interactions
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First year performance of the IceCube neutrino telescope
journal, October 2006

The Large-Sample Distribution of the Likelihood Ratio for Testing Composite Hypotheses
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Global QCD analysis of parton structure of the nucleon: CTEQ5 parton distributions
journal, February 2000

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High-Energy Neutrino Astrophysics
journal, December 2000

Muon track reconstruction and data selection techniques in AMANDA
journal, May 2004

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High-energy neutrinos in the context of multimessenger astrophysics
journal, March 2008

Cosmic Ray Showers
journal, December 1960

Astrophysical Neutrinos: Flavor Ratios Depend on Energy
journal, October 2005

The IceCube data acquisition system: Signal capture, digitization, and timestamping
journal, April 2009

  • Abbasi, R.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J.
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Detecting ντ oscillations at PeV energies
journal, May 1995

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    Works referencing / citing this record:

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    Angular power spectrum analysis on current and future high-energy neutrino data
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    Probing the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with neutrinos in the EeV energy range using the Pierre Auger Observatory
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    Dissecting the region around IceCube-170922A: the blazar TXS 0506+056 as the first cosmic neutrino source
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    text, January 2020

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    text, January 2020

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