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Title: Probing Context-Dependent Errors in Quantum Processors

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; ; ; ; ;
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Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1524120
Grant/Contract Number:  
NA0003525
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Physical Review X
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Physical Review X Journal Volume: 9 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2160-3308
Publisher:
American Physical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Citation Formats

Rudinger, Kenneth, Proctor, Timothy, Langharst, Dylan, Sarovar, Mohan, Young, Kevin, and Blume-Kohout, Robin. Probing Context-Dependent Errors in Quantum Processors. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.9.021045.
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Rudinger, Kenneth, Proctor, Timothy, Langharst, Dylan, Sarovar, Mohan, Young, Kevin, & Blume-Kohout, Robin. Probing Context-Dependent Errors in Quantum Processors. United States. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.9.021045.
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Rudinger, Kenneth, Proctor, Timothy, Langharst, Dylan, Sarovar, Mohan, Young, Kevin, and Blume-Kohout, Robin. Mon . "Probing Context-Dependent Errors in Quantum Processors". United States. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.9.021045.
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@article{osti_1524120,
title = {Probing Context-Dependent Errors in Quantum Processors},
author = {Rudinger, Kenneth and Proctor, Timothy and Langharst, Dylan and Sarovar, Mohan and Young, Kevin and Blume-Kohout, Robin},
abstractNote = {},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevX.9.021045},
journal = {Physical Review X},
number = 2,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {6}
}
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DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.9.021045
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Works referenced in this record:

Machine-learning-assisted correction of correlated qubit errors in a topological code
journal, January 2018

Bounding quantum gate error rate based on reported average fidelity
journal, December 2015

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line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Rigetti, Chad; Devoret, Michel</span> </li> <li> Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 13</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.134507" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1103/PhysRevB.81.134507<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/aa9a06" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Modeling coherent errors in quantum error correction<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2017-12-20">December 2017</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Greenbaum, Daniel; Dutton, Zachary</span> </li> <li> Quantum Science and Technology, Vol. 3, Issue 1</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/aa9a06" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1088/2058-9565/aa9a06<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div> <h2 class="title" style="margin-bottom:0;" data-apporder=""> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.85.052313" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="name">Optimized pulses for the control of uncertain qubits<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase; font-size:0.75rem;"><br/> <span class="type">journal</span>, <span class="date" data-date="2012-05-01">May 2012</span></small> </h2> <ul class="small references-list" style="list-style-type:none; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0; line-height:1.8em;"> <li> <span style="color:#5C7B2D;"> Grace, Matthew D.; Dominy, Jason M.; Witzel, Wayne M.</span> </li> <li> Physical Review A, Vol. 85, Issue 5</li> <li> <span class="text-muted related-url">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.85.052313" class="text-muted" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.1103/PhysRevA.85.052313<span class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></span> </li> </ul> <hr/> </div> </div> <div class="pagination-container small"> <a class="pure-button prev page" href="#" rel="prev"><span class="fa fa-angle-left"></span></a><ul class="pagination d-inline-block" style="padding-left:.2em;"></ul><a class="pure-button next page" href="#" rel="next"><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 order-sm-3"> <ul class="nav nav-stacked"> <li class="active"><a href="" class="reference-type-filter tab-nav" data-tab="biblio-references" data-filter="type" data-pattern="*"><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span> All References</a></li> <li class="small" style="margin-left:.75em; 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float:none;">[ × clear filter / sort ]</a> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="biblio-related" class="tab-content tab-content-sec " data-tab="biblio"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-9 order-sm-9"> <section id="biblio-similar" class="tab-content tab-content-sec active" data-tab="related"> <div class="padding"> <p class="lead text-muted" style="font-size: 18px; margin-top:0px;">Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:</p> <aside> <ul class="item-list" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ItemList" style="padding-left:0; list-style-type: none;"> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="0" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/pages/biblio/1668693-probing-quantum-processor-performance-pygsti" itemprop="url">Probing quantum processor performance with pyGSTi</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Journal Article</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Nielsen, Erik</span> ; <span class="author">Rudinger, Kenneth</span> ; <span class="author">Proctor, Timothy</span> ; <span class="author">...</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"> - Quantum Science and Technology</span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">PyGSTi is a Python software package for assessing and characterizing the performance of quantum computing processors. It can be used as a standalone application, or as a library, to perform a wide variety of quantum characterization, verification, and validation (QCVV) protocols on as-built quantum processors. In this work, we outline pyGSTi's structure, and what it can do, using multiple examples. We cover its main characterization protocols with end-to-end implementations. These include gate set tomography, randomized benchmarking on one or many qubits, and several specialized techniques. We also discuss and demonstrate how power users can customize pyGSTi and leverage its components<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> to create specialized QCVV protocols and solve user-specific problems.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink">DOI: <a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab8aa4" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="1668693" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="AM" >10.1088/2058-9565/ab8aa4</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="1" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/pages/biblio/1420209-computation-molecular-spectra-quantum-processor-error-resilient-algorithm" itemprop="url">Computation of Molecular Spectra on a Quantum Processor with an Error-Resilient Algorithm</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Journal Article</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Colless, J. I.</span> ; <span class="author">Ramasesh, V. V.</span> ; <span class="author">Dahlen, D.</span> ; <span class="author">...</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"> - Physical Review. X</span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">Harnessing the full power of nascent quantum processors requires the efficient management of a limited number of quantum bits with finite coherent lifetimes. Hybrid algorithms, such as the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), leverage classical resources to reduce the required number of quantum gates. Experimental demonstrations of VQE have resulted in calculation of Hamiltonian ground states, and a new theoretical approach based on a quantum subspace expansion (QSE) has outlined a procedure for determining excited states that are central to dynamical processes. Here, we use a superconducting-qubit-based processor to apply the QSE approach to the H<sub>2</sub> molecule, extracting both ground and<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> excited states without the need for auxiliary qubits or additional minimization. Further, we show that this extended protocol can mitigate the effects of incoherent errors, potentially enabling larger-scale quantum simulations without the need for complex error-correction techniques.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <span class="fa fa-book text-muted" aria-hidden="true"></span> Cited by 20<div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink">DOI: <a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.8.011021" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="1420209" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="PA" >10.1103/PhysRevX.8.011021</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="3" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/pages/biblio/1686237-detecting-tracking-drift-quantum-information-processors" itemprop="url">Detecting and tracking drift in quantum information processors</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Journal Article</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Proctor, Timothy</span> ; <span class="author">Revelle, Melissa</span> ; <span class="author">Nielsen, Erik</span> ; <span class="author">...</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"> - Nature Communications</span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">Abstract If quantum information processors are to fulfill their potential, the diverse errors that affect them must be understood and suppressed. But errors typically fluctuate over time, and the most widely used tools for characterizing them assume static error modes and rates. This mismatch can cause unheralded failures, misidentified error modes, and wasted experimental effort. Here, we demonstrate a spectral analysis technique for resolving time dependence in quantum processors. Our method is fast, simple, and statistically sound. It can be applied to time-series data from any quantum processor experiment. We use data from simulations and trapped-ion qubit experiments to show<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> how our method can resolve time dependence when applied to popular characterization protocols, including randomized benchmarking, gate set tomography, and Ramsey spectroscopy. In the experiments, we detect instability and localize its source, implement drift control techniques to compensate for this instability, and then demonstrate that the instability has been suppressed.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink">DOI: <a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19074-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="1686237" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="PA" >10.1038/s41467-020-19074-4</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="5" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/20779202-ac-driving-amplitude-dependent-systematic-error-scanning-kelvin-probe-microscope-measurements-detection-correction" itemprop="url">ac driving amplitude dependent systematic error in scanning Kelvin probe microscope measurements: Detection and correction</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Journal Article</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Yan, Wu</span> ; <span class="author">Shannon, Mark A</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"> - Review of Scientific Instruments</span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">The dependence of the contact potential difference (CPD) reading on the ac driving amplitude in scanning Kelvin probe microscope (SKPM) hinders researchers from quantifying true material properties. We show theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that an ac driving amplitude dependence in the SKPM measurement can come from a systematic error, and it is common for all tip sample systems as long as there is a nonzero tracking error in the feedback control loop of the instrument. We further propose a methodology to detect and to correct the ac driving amplitude dependent systematic error in SKPM measurements. The true contact potential difference<a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().next().show().next().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a><span style='display:none;'> can be found by applying a linear regression to the measured CPD versus one over ac driving amplitude data. Two scenarios are studied: (a) when the surface being scanned by SKPM is not semiconducting and there is an ac driving amplitude dependent systematic error; (b) when a semiconductor surface is probed and asymmetric band bending occurs when the systematic error is present. Experiments are conducted using a commercial SKPM and CPD measurement results of two systems: platinum-iridium/gap/gold and platinum-iridium/gap/thermal oxide/silicon are discussed.</span><a href='#' onclick='$(this).hide().prev().hide().prev().show();return false;' style='margin-left:10px;display:none;'>« less</a></div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink">DOI: <a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2195104" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="20779202" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="" >10.1063/1.2195104</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><meta itemprop="position" content="6" /><div class="item-info"> <h2 class="title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/biblio/20787415-quantum-error-correction-via-robust-probe-modes" itemprop="url">Quantum error correction via robust probe modes</a></h2> <div class="metadata"> <small class="text-muted" style="text-transform:uppercase;display:block;line-height:2.5em;">Journal Article</small><span class="authors"> <span class="author">Yamaguchi, Fumiko</span> ; <span class="author">Nemoto, Kae</span> ; <span class="author">Munro, William J</span> <span class="text-muted pubdata"> - Physical Review. A</span> </span> </div> <div class="abstract">We propose a scheme for quantum error correction using robust continuous variable probe modes, rather than fragile ancilla qubits, to detect errors without destroying data qubits. The use of such probe modes reduces the required number of expensive qubits in error correction and allows efficient encoding, error detection, and error correction. Moreover, the elimination of the need for direct qubit interactions significantly simplifies the construction of quantum circuits. We will illustrate how the approach implements three existing quantum error correcting codes: the three-qubit bit-flip (phase-flip) code, the Shor code, and an erasure code.</div><div class="metadata-links small clearfix text-muted" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pull-right" style="width:unset;"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><span class="item-info-ftlink">DOI: <a class="misc doi-link " href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVA.73.0" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Link to document DOI" data-ostiid="20787415" data-product-type="Journal Article" data-product-subtype="" >10.1103/PHYSREVA.73.0</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> </ul> </aside> </div> </section> </div> <div class="col-sm-3 order-sm-3"> <ul class="nav nav-stacked"> <li class="active"><a class="tab-nav disabled" data-tab="related" style="color: #636c72 !important; opacity: 1;"><span class="fa fa-angle-right"></span> Similar Records</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </section> </div></div> </div> </div> </section> <footer class="" style="background-color:#f9f9f9; /* padding-top: 0.5rem; */"> <div class="footer-minor"> <div class="container"> <hr class="footer-separator" /> <div class="text-center" style="margin-top:1.25rem;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal"> <ul class="pure-menu-list" id="footer-org-menu"> <li class="pure-menu-item"> <a href="https://energy.gov" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" class="sprite sprite-footer-us-doe-min" alt="U.S. Department of Energy" /> </a> </li> <li class="pure-menu-item"> <a href="https://www.energy.gov/science/office-science" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" class="sprite sprite-footer-office-of-science-min" alt="Office of Science" /> </a> </li> <li class="pure-menu-item"> <a href="/"> <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==" class="sprite sprite-footer-osti-min" alt="Office of Scientific and Technical Information" /> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="text-center small" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:2.0rem;"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="/disclaim" class="pure-menu-link"><span class="fa fa-institution"></span> Website Policies <span class="hidden-xs">/ Important Links</span></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="/pages/contact" class="pure-menu-link"><span class="fa fa-comments-o"></span> Contact Us</a></li> <li class="d-block d-md-none"></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/ostigov" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="pure-menu-link social"><span class="fa fa-facebook" style=""></span></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/OSTIgov" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="pure-menu-link social"><span class="fa fa-twitter" style=""></span></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/ostigov" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="pure-menu-link social"><span class="fa fa-youtube-play" style=""></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <link href="/pages/css/pages.fonts.200912.1307.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/pages/js/pages.200912.1307.js"></script><noscript></noscript> <script defer src="/pages/js/pages.biblio.200912.1307.js"></script><noscript></noscript> <script defer src="/pages/js/lity.js"></script><noscript></noscript> <script async type="text/javascript" src="/pages/js/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=DOE" id="_fed_an_ua_tag"></script><noscript></noscript> </body> <!-- DOE PAGES v.200912.1307 --> </html>