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Title: The influence of poorly interconnected fault zone flow paths on spring geochemistry [Local variations in spring geochemistry: Evidence for poorly inter-connected flow paths in fault zones]

Abstract

Thermal springs commonly occur along faults because of the enhanced vertical permeability afforded by fracture zones. Field and laboratory studies of fault zone materials document substantial heterogeneities in fracture permeabilities. Modeling and field studies of springs suggest that spatial variations in permeability strongly influence spring locations, discharge rates and temperatures. The impact of heterogeneous permeability on spring geochemistry, however, is poorly documented. We present stable isotope and water chemistry data from a series of closely spaced thermal springs associated with the Hayward Fault, California. We suggest that substantial spatial variations observed in δ18O and chloride values reflect subsurface fluid transport through a poorly connected fracture network in which mixing of subsurface waters remains limited. Our measurements provide insight into the effect of fracture zone heterogeneities on spring geochemistry, offer an additional tool to intuit the nature of tectonically induced changes in fault zone plumbing, and highlight the need to consider local variations when characterizing fracture zone fluid geochemistry from spring systems with multiple discharge sites.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2]
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  1. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  2. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
OSTI Identifier:
1514797
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-232768
Journal ID: ISSN 1468-8115; 349986
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Geofluids
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1468-8115
Publisher:
Hindawi
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 58 GEOSCIENCES; fault zones; mixing; permeability; springs; stable isotopes

Citation Formats

Rowland, J. C., Manga, M., and Rose, T. P. The influence of poorly interconnected fault zone flow paths on spring geochemistry [Local variations in spring geochemistry: Evidence for poorly inter-connected flow paths in fault zones]. United States: N. p., 2008. Web. doi:10.1111/j.1468-8123.2008.00208.x.
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Rowland, J. C., Manga, M., & Rose, T. P. The influence of poorly interconnected fault zone flow paths on spring geochemistry [Local variations in spring geochemistry: Evidence for poorly inter-connected flow paths in fault zones]. United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2008.00208.x
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Rowland, J. C., Manga, M., and Rose, T. P. Wed . "The influence of poorly interconnected fault zone flow paths on spring geochemistry [Local variations in spring geochemistry: Evidence for poorly inter-connected flow paths in fault zones]". United States. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2008.00208.x. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1514797.
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@article{osti_1514797,
title = {The influence of poorly interconnected fault zone flow paths on spring geochemistry [Local variations in spring geochemistry: Evidence for poorly inter-connected flow paths in fault zones]},
author = {Rowland, J. C. and Manga, M. and Rose, T. P.},
abstractNote = {Thermal springs commonly occur along faults because of the enhanced vertical permeability afforded by fracture zones. Field and laboratory studies of fault zone materials document substantial heterogeneities in fracture permeabilities. Modeling and field studies of springs suggest that spatial variations in permeability strongly influence spring locations, discharge rates and temperatures. The impact of heterogeneous permeability on spring geochemistry, however, is poorly documented. We present stable isotope and water chemistry data from a series of closely spaced thermal springs associated with the Hayward Fault, California. We suggest that substantial spatial variations observed in δ18O and chloride values reflect subsurface fluid transport through a poorly connected fracture network in which mixing of subsurface waters remains limited. Our measurements provide insight into the effect of fracture zone heterogeneities on spring geochemistry, offer an additional tool to intuit the nature of tectonically induced changes in fault zone plumbing, and highlight the need to consider local variations when characterizing fracture zone fluid geochemistry from spring systems with multiple discharge sites.},
doi = {10.1111/j.1468-8123.2008.00208.x},
journal = {Geofluids},
number = 2,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Mar 12 00:00:00 EDT 2008},
month = {Wed Mar 12 00:00:00 EDT 2008}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2008.00208.x
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Cited by: 22 works
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Generalized map of the southern portion of the Hayward Fault system showing the locations of two sets of associated thermal springs. Map adapted from Andrews et al. (1993).
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Hydrologic responses to earthquakes and a general metric
    journal, February 2010

    Hydrologic Responses to Earthquakes and a General Metric
    book, December 2010

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      Figures / Tables found in this record:

      Figure 1 (p. 23)figure
      Figure 2 (p. 24)figure
      Figure 3 (p. 25)figure
      Figure 4 (p. 26)figure
      Figure 5 (p. 27)figure
      Figure 6 (p. 28)figure
      Table I (p. 29)table
      Table II (p. 30)table
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