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Title: Impacts of Air-Fuel Stratification in ACI Combustion on Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emissions

Abstract

Since multi-mode engine combustion strategies are being investigated as a pathway to increased vehicle fuel efficiency, a better understanding of particulate matter formation during the advanced compression ignition (ACI) modes and the resulting PM properties are of growing importance for mitigating PM emissions and/or developing emissions control strategies. ACI combustion strategies have demonstrated extremely low engine-out soot while achieving high break thermal efficiencies. However, US-regulated emissions for particulate matter (PM) are on a mass basis, which can consist of ash, soot or elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC). The composition of PM mass from ACI combustion ranges from nearly 100% OC to a mix of EC and OC particulates as the extent of fuel stratification increases. How the mass, compositions, and morphology of PM changes as fuel stratifies within the combustion chamber and what this can tell us about PM formation are presented through multi-cylinder, metal engine experiments. Using ACI modes ranging from homogeneous to highly stratified approaches, this study aimed to advance the understanding of how air-fuel stratification and fuel properties impact PM emissions formation; advanced gaseous and solid emission characterizations are also given. This study is part of a collaborative multi-lab initiative at the US Department ofmore » Energy that aims to simultaneously transform both transportation fuels and vehicles in order to maximize performance and energy efficiency, minimize environmental impact, and accelerate widespread adoption of innovative combustion strategies by providing the underlying science for this initiative.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)
OSTI Identifier:
1619414
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1513379
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Emission Control Science & Technology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Emission Control Science & Technology Journal Volume: 5 Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2199-3629
Publisher:
Springer Science + Business Media
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS; Advanced compression ignition; Particulate matter; Low-temperature combustion; EC/OC speciation; Particle sizing; HCCI

Citation Formats

Moses-DeBusk, Melanie, Curran, Scott J., Lewis, Sr, Samuel A., Connatser, R. Maggie, and Storey, John M. E. Impacts of Air-Fuel Stratification in ACI Combustion on Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emissions. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1007/s40825-019-00122-5.
Moses-DeBusk, Melanie, Curran, Scott J., Lewis, Sr, Samuel A., Connatser, R. Maggie, & Storey, John M. E. Impacts of Air-Fuel Stratification in ACI Combustion on Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emissions. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-019-00122-5
Moses-DeBusk, Melanie, Curran, Scott J., Lewis, Sr, Samuel A., Connatser, R. Maggie, and Storey, John M. E. Sat . "Impacts of Air-Fuel Stratification in ACI Combustion on Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emissions". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-019-00122-5.
@article{osti_1619414,
title = {Impacts of Air-Fuel Stratification in ACI Combustion on Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emissions},
author = {Moses-DeBusk, Melanie and Curran, Scott J. and Lewis, Sr, Samuel A. and Connatser, R. Maggie and Storey, John M. E.},
abstractNote = {Since multi-mode engine combustion strategies are being investigated as a pathway to increased vehicle fuel efficiency, a better understanding of particulate matter formation during the advanced compression ignition (ACI) modes and the resulting PM properties are of growing importance for mitigating PM emissions and/or developing emissions control strategies. ACI combustion strategies have demonstrated extremely low engine-out soot while achieving high break thermal efficiencies. However, US-regulated emissions for particulate matter (PM) are on a mass basis, which can consist of ash, soot or elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC). The composition of PM mass from ACI combustion ranges from nearly 100% OC to a mix of EC and OC particulates as the extent of fuel stratification increases. How the mass, compositions, and morphology of PM changes as fuel stratifies within the combustion chamber and what this can tell us about PM formation are presented through multi-cylinder, metal engine experiments. Using ACI modes ranging from homogeneous to highly stratified approaches, this study aimed to advance the understanding of how air-fuel stratification and fuel properties impact PM emissions formation; advanced gaseous and solid emission characterizations are also given. This study is part of a collaborative multi-lab initiative at the US Department of Energy that aims to simultaneously transform both transportation fuels and vehicles in order to maximize performance and energy efficiency, minimize environmental impact, and accelerate widespread adoption of innovative combustion strategies by providing the underlying science for this initiative.},
doi = {10.1007/s40825-019-00122-5},
journal = {Emission Control Science & Technology},
number = 3,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Sat May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-019-00122-5

Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Bookends of advanced compression ignition combustion strategies with gasoline-like fuels and diesel-like fuel

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