Neutron star mergers chirp about vacuum energy

Csáki, Csaba; Eröncel, Cem; Hubisz, Jay; Rigo, Gabriele; Terning, John

doi:10.1007/jhep09(2018)087

Title: Neutron star mergers chirp about vacuum energy

Journal Article · 16 September 2018 · Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep09(2018)087 · OSTI ID:1512287

Csáki, Csaba ^[1]; Eröncel, Cem ^[2]; Hubisz, Jay ^[2];

^[2]; Terning, John ^[3]

Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (United States); None
Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY (United States)
University of California, Davis, CA (United States)

Observations of gravitational waves from neutron star mergers open up novel directions for exploring fundamental physics: they offer the first access to the structure of objects with a non-negligible contribution from vacuum energy to their total mass. The presence of such vacuum energy in the inner cores of neutron stars occurs in new QCD phases at large densities, with the vacuum energy appearing in the equation of state for a new phase. This in turn leads to a change in the internal structure of neutron stars and influences their tidal deformabilities which are measurable in the chirp signals of merging neutron stars. By considering three commonly used neutron star models we show that for large chirp masses the effect of vacuum energy on the tidal deformabilities can be sizable. Measurements of this sort have the potential to provide a first test of the gravitational properties of vacuum energy independent from the acceleration of the Universe, and to determine the size of QCD contributions to the vacuum energy.

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Research Organization:: University of California, Riverside, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018298; SC0009998

OSTI ID:: 1512287

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1905123

Journal Information:: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online), Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online) Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 2018; ISSN 1029-8479

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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