Bubble mobility in mud and magmatic volcanoes
Abstract
The rheology of particle-laden fluids with a yield stress, such as mud or crystal-rich magmas, controls the mobility of bubbles, both the size needed to overcome the yield stress and their rise speed. Here, we experimentally measured the velocities of bubbles and rigid spheres in mud sampled from the Davis–Schrimpf mud volcanoes adjacent to the Salton Sea, Southern California. Combined with previous measurements in the polymer gel Carbopol, we obtained an empirical model for the drag coefficient and bounded the conditions under which bubbles overcome the yield stress. Yield stresses typical of mud and basaltic magmas with sub-mm particles can immobilize millimeter to centimeter sized bubbles. At Stromboli volcano, Italy, a vertical yield stress gradient in the shallow conduit may immobilize bubbles with diameter ≲ 1 cm and hinder slug coalescence.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science
- Portland State Univ., Portland, OR (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1512173
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 294; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0377-0273
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; Yield stress; Mud volcano; Herschel–Bulkley rheology; Bubble; Salton Sea; Stromboli
Citation Formats
Tran, Aaron, Rudolph, Maxwell L., and Manga, Michael. Bubble mobility in mud and magmatic volcanoes. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.02.004.
Tran, Aaron, Rudolph, Maxwell L., & Manga, Michael. Bubble mobility in mud and magmatic volcanoes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.02.004
Tran, Aaron, Rudolph, Maxwell L., and Manga, Michael. Sat .
"Bubble mobility in mud and magmatic volcanoes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.02.004. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1512173.
@article{osti_1512173,
title = {Bubble mobility in mud and magmatic volcanoes},
author = {Tran, Aaron and Rudolph, Maxwell L. and Manga, Michael},
abstractNote = {The rheology of particle-laden fluids with a yield stress, such as mud or crystal-rich magmas, controls the mobility of bubbles, both the size needed to overcome the yield stress and their rise speed. Here, we experimentally measured the velocities of bubbles and rigid spheres in mud sampled from the Davis–Schrimpf mud volcanoes adjacent to the Salton Sea, Southern California. Combined with previous measurements in the polymer gel Carbopol, we obtained an empirical model for the drag coefficient and bounded the conditions under which bubbles overcome the yield stress. Yield stresses typical of mud and basaltic magmas with sub-mm particles can immobilize millimeter to centimeter sized bubbles. At Stromboli volcano, Italy, a vertical yield stress gradient in the shallow conduit may immobilize bubbles with diameter ≲ 1 cm and hinder slug coalescence.},
doi = {10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.02.004},
journal = {Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research},
number = C,
volume = 294,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Feb 21 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Sat Feb 21 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
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Fig. 1: (a) Location map showing Salton Sea mud volcanoes (magenta volcano glyph). (b) Geomorphic features at the Salton Sea geothermal system. ~ 1 m gryphon, notebook in foreground for scale. (c) Bubbling mud pot, ~ 0.5 m across.
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