Three Novel Rice Genes Closely Related to the ArabidopsisIRX9, IRX9L, and IRX14 Genes and Their Roles in Xylan Biosynthesis
Abstract
Xylan is the second most abundant polysaccharide on Earth, and represents a major component of both dicot wood and the cell walls of grasses. Much knowledge has been gained from studies of xylan biosynthesis in the model plant, Arabidopsis. In particular, the irregular xylem (irx) mutants, named for their collapsed xylem cells, have been essential in gaining a greater understanding of the genes involved in xylan biosynthesis. In contrast, xylan biosynthesis in grass cell walls is poorly understood. We identified three rice genes Os07g49370 (OsIRX9), Os01g48440 (OsIRX9L), and Os06g47340 (OsIRX14), from glycosyltransferase family 43 as putative orthologs to the putative β-1,4-xylan backbone elongating Arabidopsis IRX9, IRX9L, and IRX14 genes, respectively. We demonstrate that the over-expression of the closely related rice genes, in full or partly complement the two well-characterized Arabidopsis irregular xylem (irx) mutants: irx9 and irx14. Complementation was assessed by measuring dwarfed phenotypes, irregular xylem cells in stem cross sections, xylose content of stems, xylosyltransferase (XylT) activity of stems, and stem strength. The expression of OsIRX9 in the irx9 mutant resulted in XylT activity of stems that was over double that of wild type plants, and the stem strength of this line increased to 124% above that of wildmore »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Joint BioEnergy Inst. (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States)
- Joint BioEnergy Inst. (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark)
- Joint BioEnergy Inst. (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States)
- Joint BioEnergy Inst. (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Joint BioEnergy Inst. (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Joint BioEnergy Inst. (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Kyung Hee Univ., Yongin (Korea, Republic of)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1511360
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Frontiers in Plant Science
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 4; Journal Issue: APR; Journal ID: ISSN 1664-462X
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Chiniquy, Dawn, Varanasi, Patanjali, Oh, Taeyun, Harholt, Jesper, Katnelson, Jacob, Singh, Seema, Auer, Manfred, Simmons, Blake, Adams, Paul D., Scheller, Henrik V., and Ronald, Pamela C. Three Novel Rice Genes Closely Related to the ArabidopsisIRX9, IRX9L, and IRX14 Genes and Their Roles in Xylan Biosynthesis. United States: N. p., 2013.
Web. doi:10.3389/fpls.2013.00083.
Chiniquy, Dawn, Varanasi, Patanjali, Oh, Taeyun, Harholt, Jesper, Katnelson, Jacob, Singh, Seema, Auer, Manfred, Simmons, Blake, Adams, Paul D., Scheller, Henrik V., & Ronald, Pamela C. Three Novel Rice Genes Closely Related to the ArabidopsisIRX9, IRX9L, and IRX14 Genes and Their Roles in Xylan Biosynthesis. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00083
Chiniquy, Dawn, Varanasi, Patanjali, Oh, Taeyun, Harholt, Jesper, Katnelson, Jacob, Singh, Seema, Auer, Manfred, Simmons, Blake, Adams, Paul D., Scheller, Henrik V., and Ronald, Pamela C. Wed .
"Three Novel Rice Genes Closely Related to the ArabidopsisIRX9, IRX9L, and IRX14 Genes and Their Roles in Xylan Biosynthesis". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00083. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1511360.
@article{osti_1511360,
title = {Three Novel Rice Genes Closely Related to the ArabidopsisIRX9, IRX9L, and IRX14 Genes and Their Roles in Xylan Biosynthesis},
author = {Chiniquy, Dawn and Varanasi, Patanjali and Oh, Taeyun and Harholt, Jesper and Katnelson, Jacob and Singh, Seema and Auer, Manfred and Simmons, Blake and Adams, Paul D. and Scheller, Henrik V. and Ronald, Pamela C.},
abstractNote = {Xylan is the second most abundant polysaccharide on Earth, and represents a major component of both dicot wood and the cell walls of grasses. Much knowledge has been gained from studies of xylan biosynthesis in the model plant, Arabidopsis. In particular, the irregular xylem (irx) mutants, named for their collapsed xylem cells, have been essential in gaining a greater understanding of the genes involved in xylan biosynthesis. In contrast, xylan biosynthesis in grass cell walls is poorly understood. We identified three rice genes Os07g49370 (OsIRX9), Os01g48440 (OsIRX9L), and Os06g47340 (OsIRX14), from glycosyltransferase family 43 as putative orthologs to the putative β-1,4-xylan backbone elongating Arabidopsis IRX9, IRX9L, and IRX14 genes, respectively. We demonstrate that the over-expression of the closely related rice genes, in full or partly complement the two well-characterized Arabidopsis irregular xylem (irx) mutants: irx9 and irx14. Complementation was assessed by measuring dwarfed phenotypes, irregular xylem cells in stem cross sections, xylose content of stems, xylosyltransferase (XylT) activity of stems, and stem strength. The expression of OsIRX9 in the irx9 mutant resulted in XylT activity of stems that was over double that of wild type plants, and the stem strength of this line increased to 124% above that of wild type. Taken together, our results suggest that OsIRX9/OsIRX9L, and OsIRX14, have similar functions to the Arabidopsis IRX9 and IRX14 genes, respectively. Furthermore, our expression data indicate that OsIRX9 and OsIRX9L may function in building the xylan backbone in the secondary and primary cell walls, respectively. Our results provide insight into xylan biosynthesis in rice and how expression of a xylan synthesis gene may be modified to increase stem strength.},
doi = {10.3389/fpls.2013.00083},
journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
number = APR,
volume = 4,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2013},
month = {Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2013}
}
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Figures / Tables:
FIGURE 1: Phylogenetic tree of glycosyltransferase family 43 including genes from rice, Arabidopsis, Poplar, Selaginella, and Physcomitrella genomes. The evolutionary relationships were inferred using the Neighbor-Joining method. The optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 16.96637902 is shown. The tree is drawn to scale with branch lengths inmore »
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