Bose-Fermi cancellations without supersymmetry

Cherman, Aleksey; Shifman, Mikhail; Ünsal, Mithat

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.99.105001

Title: Bose-Fermi cancellations without supersymmetry

Abstract

We show that adjoint QCD features very strong Bose-Fermi cancellations in the large- $N$ limit, despite the fact that it is manifestly nonsupersymmetric. The difference between the bosonic and fermionic densities of states in large- $N$ adjoint QCD turns out to have a “two-dimensional” scaling $~ \exp (\sqrt{ℓ E})$ for large energies $E$ in finite spatial volume, where $ℓ$ is a length scale associated with the curvature of the spatial manifold. In particular, all Hagedorn growth cancels, and so does the growth $\exp (V^{1 / 4} E^{3 / 4})$ expected in a standard local four-dimensional theory in spatial volume $V$ . In these ways, large- $N$ adjoint QCD, a manifestly nonsupersymmetric theory, acts similarly to supersymmetric theories. We also show that at large- $N$ the vacuum energy of multiflavor adjoint QCD is non-negative and exponentially small compared to the UV cutoff with several natural regulators.

Authors:: Cherman, Aleksey; Shifman, Mikhail; Ünsal, Mithat

Publication Date:: Tue May 07 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC (United States); Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1511093

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1609461

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-03ER41260; SC0011842; NSF PHY17-48958

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Physical Review. D.

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Journal Volume: 99 Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics

Citation Formats


                    Cherman, Aleksey, Shifman, Mikhail, and Ünsal, Mithat. Bose-Fermi cancellations without supersymmetry.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.99.105001.

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                    Cherman, Aleksey, Shifman, Mikhail, & Ünsal, Mithat. Bose-Fermi cancellations without supersymmetry.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.99.105001

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                    Cherman, Aleksey, Shifman, Mikhail, and Ünsal, Mithat. Tue .  
"Bose-Fermi cancellations without supersymmetry".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.99.105001.

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@article{osti_1511093,

  title        = {Bose-Fermi cancellations without supersymmetry},

  author       = {Cherman, Aleksey and Shifman, Mikhail and Ünsal, Mithat},

  abstractNote = {We show that adjoint QCD features very strong Bose-Fermi cancellations in the large-N limit, despite the fact that it is manifestly nonsupersymmetric. The difference between the bosonic and fermionic densities of states in large-N adjoint QCD turns out to have a “two-dimensional” scaling ~exp(ℓE) for large energies E in finite spatial volume, where ℓ is a length scale associated with the curvature of the spatial manifold. In particular, all Hagedorn growth cancels, and so does the growth exp(V1/4E3/4) expected in a standard local four-dimensional theory in spatial volume V. In these ways, large-N adjoint QCD, a manifestly nonsupersymmetric theory, acts similarly to supersymmetric theories. We also show that at large-N the vacuum energy of multiflavor adjoint QCD is non-negative and exponentially small compared to the UV cutoff with several natural regulators.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.99.105001},

  journal      = {Physical Review. D.},

  number       = 10,

  volume       = 99,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue May 07 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Tue May 07 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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Title: Bose-Fermi cancellations without supersymmetry

Abstract

Citation Formats

Number of degrees of freedom, density of states and tachyons in string theory and CFT journal, July 1991

QCD quark condensate from SUSY and the orientifold large-N expansion journal, January 2004

Quark confinement and topology of gauge theories journal, March 1977

Super-Poincare covariant quantization of the superstring journal, March 2000

Phases of N = ∞ QCD-like gauge theories on S 3 × S 1 and nonperturbative orbifold-orientifold equivalences journal, July 2007

Constraints on supersymmetry breaking journal, July 1982

Casimir Energy of Confining Large N Gauge Theories journal, June 2015

Center-stabilized Yang-Mills theory: Confinement and large N volume independence journal, September 2008

Polyakov loops and the Hosotani mechanism on the lattice journal, May 2014

Solving the hierarchy problem without supersymmetry or extra dimensions: an alternative approach journal, September 2001

Reduction of Dynamical Degrees of Freedom in the Large- N Gauge Theory journal, April 1982

Higher representations on the lattice: Numerical simulations, SU(2) with adjoint fermions journal, May 2010

String Theory, Misaligned Supersymmetry, and the Supertrace Constraints journal, June 1995

Spectral sum rules for confining large-N theories journal, June 2016

The large $N$ limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity journal, January 1998

Anti de Sitter space and holography journal, January 1998

Large- N reduction in QCD with two adjoint Dirac fermions journal, May 2012

Deconfinement and continuity between thermal and (super) Yang-Mills theory for all gauge groups journal, September 2014

Strings from domain walls in supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and adjoint QCD journal, July 2015

Exact results in non-supersymmetric large N orientifold field theories journal, September 2003

Modular Invariance of Conformal Field Theory on S 1 × S 3 and Circle Fibrations journal, September 2017

Spatial volume dependence for 2+1 dimensional SU(N) Yang-Mills theory journal, September 2013

A quenched momentum prescription for large-N theories journal, October 1982

Cardy formulae for SUSY theories in d = 4 and d = 6 journal, December 2014

Infinite Chiral Symmetry in Four Dimensions journal, January 2015

On the global structure of deformed Yang-Mills theory and QCD(adj) on ℝ 3 × S 1 $$ {\mathrm{\mathbb{R}}}^3\times {\mathbb{S}}^1 $$ journal, October 2015

Volume independence for Yang–Mills fields on the twisted torus journal, October 2014

Infrared fixed point in SU(2) gauge theory with adjoint fermions journal, April 2011

The large N limit of four dimensional Yang-Mills field coupled to adjoint fermions on a single site lattice journal, January 2010

Volume independence in large N c QCD-like gauge theories journal, June 2007

Volume Independence in the Large N Limit and an Emergent Fermionic Symmetry journal, September 2013

The Large-N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and Supergravity journal, January 1999

Twisted-Eguchi-Kawai model: A reduced model for large- N lattice gauge theory journal, May 1983

Deconfinement in $ \mathcal{N}=1 $ super Yang-Mills theory on $ {{\mathbb{R}}^3}\times {{\mathbb{S}}^1} $ via dual-Coulomb gas and “affine” XY-model journal, November 2013

Magnetic bion condensation: A new mechanism of confinement and mass gap in four dimensions journal, September 2009

1 N c expansion for baryons journal, May 1994

Is Supersymmetry Really Broken? journal, March 1995

Surface defects and chiral algebras journal, May 2017

The semi-classical expansion and resurgence in gauge theories: new perturbative, instanton, bion, and renormalon effects journal, August 2012

Minimal walking on the lattice journal, August 2007

Cardy formula for 4d SUSY theories and localization journal, April 2017

A planar diagram theory for strong interactions journal, April 1974

Evolution of the coupling constant in SU(2) lattice gauge theory with two adjoint fermions journal, November 2009

Holomorphy, rescaling anomalies and exact β functions in supersymmetric gauge theories journal, May 2000

Infrared regime of SU(2) with one adjoint Dirac flavor journal, June 2015

A relation between approaches to integrability in superconformal Yang-Mills theory journal, October 2003

4 D − 2 D equivalence for large- N Yang-Mills theory journal, November 2015

Chiral algebras of class S $$ \mathcal{S} $$ journal, May 2015

Modularity and 4D-2D spectral equivalences for large-N gauge theories with adjoint matter journal, June 2016

Gluino condensate and magnetic monopoles in supersymmetric gluodynamics journal, October 1999

Abelian Duality, Confinement, and Chiral-Symmetry Breaking in a SU(2) QCD-Like Theory journal, January 2008

Erratum: 1 N c expansion for baryons journal, March 1995

Chiral Lagrangian from Duality and Monopole Operators in Compactified QCD journal, August 2016

Alternate 1 / N c expansions and SU(3) breaking from baryon lattice results journal, July 2012

Spectrum of SU(2) lattice gauge theory with two adjoint Dirac flavours journal, May 2009

Two-loop perturbative corrections to the thermal effective potential in gluodynamics journal, January 2014

Modular invariance, finiteness, and misaligned supersymmetry: New constraints on the numbers of physical string states journal, November 1994

Baryon-pion couplings from large-Nc QCD journal, October 1993

Infrared dynamics of minimal walking technicolor journal, July 2010

Twisted space-time reduced model of large N QCD with two adjoint Wilson fermions journal, July 2013

All you need is N : Baryon spectroscopy in two large N limits journal, August 2009

Adjoint QCD on ℝ3 × S 1 with twisted fermionic boundary conditions journal, June 2014

Quantum Phase Transitions and New Scales in QCD-like Theories journal, May 2009

Low energy properties of SU(2) gauge theory with Nf = 3/2 flavours of adjoint fermions journal, January 2018

Conformality or confinement: (IR)relevance of topological excitations journal, September 2009

Large- N reduction in QCD-like theories with massive adjoint fermions journal, December 2010

The quenched Eguchi-Kawai model journal, June 1982

Type IIB superstring action in AdS5 × S5 background journal, November 1998

Baryons in the expansion journal, November 1979

Holonomy saddles and supersymmetry journal, June 2018

Improved lattice spectroscopy of minimal walking technicolor journal, August 2011

Phase diagram of SU (2) with 2 flavors of dynamical adjoint quarks journal, November 2008

Large N reduction with the twisted Eguchi-Kawai model journal, July 2010

Dynamical breaking of supersymmetry journal, October 1981

REMARKS ON ADJOINT QCD WITH k FLAVORS, k≥2 journal, December 2013

Nonperturbative volume reduction of large- N QCD with adjoint fermions journal, September 2009

Continuity, deconfinement, and (super) Yang-Mills theory journal, October 2012

Number of degrees of freedom, density of states and tachyons in string theory and CFT
journal, July 1991

QCD quark condensate from SUSY and the orientifold large-N expansion
journal, January 2004

Quark confinement and topology of gauge theories
journal, March 1977

Super-Poincare covariant quantization of the superstring
journal, March 2000

Phases of $N = \infty$ QCD-like gauge theories on $S^{3} \times S^{1}$ and nonperturbative orbifold-orientifold equivalences
journal, July 2007

Constraints on supersymmetry breaking
journal, July 1982

Casimir Energy of Confining Large $N$ Gauge Theories
journal, June 2015

Center-stabilized Yang-Mills theory: Confinement and large $N$ volume independence
journal, September 2008

Polyakov loops and the Hosotani mechanism on the lattice
journal, May 2014

Solving the hierarchy problem without supersymmetry or extra dimensions: an alternative approach
journal, September 2001

Reduction of Dynamical Degrees of Freedom in the Large- $N$ Gauge Theory
journal, April 1982

Higher representations on the lattice: Numerical simulations, SU(2) with adjoint fermions
journal, May 2010

String Theory, Misaligned Supersymmetry, and the Supertrace Constraints
journal, June 1995

Spectral sum rules for confining large-N theories
journal, June 2016

The large $N$ limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity
journal, January 1998

Anti de Sitter space and holography
journal, January 1998

Large- $N$ reduction in QCD with two adjoint Dirac fermions
journal, May 2012

Deconfinement and continuity between thermal and (super) Yang-Mills theory for all gauge groups
journal, September 2014

Strings from domain walls in supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and adjoint QCD
journal, July 2015

Exact results in non-supersymmetric large N orientifold field theories
journal, September 2003

Modular Invariance of Conformal Field Theory on $S^{1} \times S^{3}$ and Circle Fibrations
journal, September 2017

Spatial volume dependence for 2+1 dimensional SU(N) Yang-Mills theory
journal, September 2013

A quenched momentum prescription for large-N theories
journal, October 1982

Cardy formulae for SUSY theories in d = 4 and d = 6
journal, December 2014

Infinite Chiral Symmetry in Four Dimensions
journal, January 2015

On the global structure of deformed Yang-Mills theory and QCD(adj) on ℝ 3 × S 1 $$ {\mathrm{\mathbb{R}}}^3\times {\mathbb{S}}^1 $$
journal, October 2015

Volume independence for Yang–Mills fields on the twisted torus
journal, October 2014

Infrared fixed point in SU(2) gauge theory with adjoint fermions
journal, April 2011

The large N limit of four dimensional Yang-Mills field coupled to adjoint fermions on a single site lattice
journal, January 2010

Volume independence in large N _c QCD-like gauge theories
journal, June 2007

Volume Independence in the Large $N$ Limit and an Emergent Fermionic Symmetry
journal, September 2013

The Large-N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and Supergravity
journal, January 1999

Twisted-Eguchi-Kawai model: A reduced model for large- $N$ lattice gauge theory
journal, May 1983

Deconfinement in $ \mathcal{N}=1 $ super Yang-Mills theory on $ {{\mathbb{R}}^3}\times {{\mathbb{S}}^1} $ via dual-Coulomb gas and “affine” XY-model
journal, November 2013

Magnetic bion condensation: A new mechanism of confinement and mass gap in four dimensions
journal, September 2009

$\frac{1}{N_{c}}$ expansion for baryons
journal, May 1994

Is Supersymmetry Really Broken?
journal, March 1995

Surface defects and chiral algebras
journal, May 2017

The semi-classical expansion and resurgence in gauge theories: new perturbative, instanton, bion, and renormalon effects
journal, August 2012

Minimal walking on the lattice
journal, August 2007

Cardy formula for 4d SUSY theories and localization
journal, April 2017

A planar diagram theory for strong interactions
journal, April 1974

Evolution of the coupling constant in SU(2) lattice gauge theory with two adjoint fermions
journal, November 2009

Holomorphy, rescaling anomalies and exact β functions in supersymmetric gauge theories
journal, May 2000

Infrared regime of SU(2) with one adjoint Dirac flavor
journal, June 2015

A relation between approaches to integrability in superconformal Yang-Mills theory
journal, October 2003

$4 D − 2 D$ equivalence for large- $N$ Yang-Mills theory
journal, November 2015

Chiral algebras of class S $$ \mathcal{S} $$
journal, May 2015

Modularity and 4D-2D spectral equivalences for large-N gauge theories with adjoint matter
journal, June 2016

Gluino condensate and magnetic monopoles in supersymmetric gluodynamics
journal, October 1999

Abelian Duality, Confinement, and Chiral-Symmetry Breaking in a SU(2) QCD-Like Theory
journal, January 2008

Erratum: $\frac{1}{N_{c}}$ expansion for baryons
journal, March 1995

Chiral Lagrangian from Duality and Monopole Operators in Compactified QCD
journal, August 2016

Alternate $1 / N_{c}$ expansions and SU(3) breaking from baryon lattice results
journal, July 2012

Spectrum of SU(2) lattice gauge theory with two adjoint Dirac flavours
journal, May 2009

Two-loop perturbative corrections to the thermal effective potential in gluodynamics
journal, January 2014

Modular invariance, finiteness, and misaligned supersymmetry: New constraints on the numbers of physical string states
journal, November 1994

Baryon-pion couplings from large-Nc QCD
journal, October 1993

Infrared dynamics of minimal walking technicolor
journal, July 2010

Twisted space-time reduced model of large $N$ QCD with two adjoint Wilson fermions
journal, July 2013

All you need is $N$ : Baryon spectroscopy in two large $N$ limits
journal, August 2009

Adjoint QCD on ℝ3 × S 1 with twisted fermionic boundary conditions
journal, June 2014

Quantum Phase Transitions and New Scales in QCD-like Theories
journal, May 2009

Low energy properties of SU(2) gauge theory with Nf = 3/2 flavours of adjoint fermions
journal, January 2018

Conformality or confinement: (IR)relevance of topological excitations
journal, September 2009

Large- $N$ reduction in QCD-like theories with massive adjoint fermions
journal, December 2010

The quenched Eguchi-Kawai model
journal, June 1982

Type IIB superstring action in AdS5 × S5 background
journal, November 1998

Baryons in the expansion
journal, November 1979

Holonomy saddles and supersymmetry
journal, June 2018

Improved lattice spectroscopy of minimal walking technicolor
journal, August 2011

Phase diagram of SU (2) with 2 flavors of dynamical adjoint quarks
journal, November 2008

Large N reduction with the twisted Eguchi-Kawai model
journal, July 2010

Dynamical breaking of supersymmetry
journal, October 1981

REMARKS ON ADJOINT QCD WITH k FLAVORS, k≥2
journal, December 2013

Nonperturbative volume reduction of large- $N$ QCD with adjoint fermions
journal, September 2009

Continuity, deconfinement, and (super) Yang-Mills theory
journal, October 2012

Broken supergauge symmetry and renormalization
journal, July 1974

Restrictions on symmetry breaking in vector-like gauge theories
journal, March 1984

Conformal field theory of AdS background with Ramond-Ramond flux
journal, March 1999