Signatures of rare states and thermalization in a theory with confinement
Abstract
There is a dichotomy in the nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems. In the presence of integrability, expectation values of local operators equilibrate to values described by a generalized Gibbs ensemble, which retains extensive memory about the initial state of the system. On the other hand, in generic systems such expectation values relax to stationary values described by the thermal ensemble, fixed solely by the energy of the state. At the heart of understanding, this dichotomy is the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH): individual eigenstates in nonintegrable systems are thermal, in the sense that expectation values agree with the thermal prediction at a temperature set by the energy of the eigenstate. In systems where ETH is violated, thermalization can be avoided. Thus, establishing the range of validity of ETH is crucial in understanding whether a given quantum system thermalizes. Here, we study a simple model with confinement, the quantum Ising chain with a longitudinal field, in which ETH is violated. Despite an absence of integrability, there exist rare (nonthermal) states that persist far into the spectrum. These arise as a direct consequence of confinement: pairs of particles are confined, forming new “meson” excitations whose energy can be extensive in the systemmore »
- Authors:
-
[3]
- Univ. of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
- The Open Univ., Milton Keynes (United Kingdom); Univ. College London, London (United Kingdom)
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1529074
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1510834
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-211781-2019-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950; PRBMDO
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0012704
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review B
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 99; Journal Issue: 19; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Citation Formats
Robinson, Neil J., James, Andrew J. A., and Konik, Robert M. Signatures of rare states and thermalization in a theory with confinement. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.99.195108.
Robinson, Neil J., James, Andrew J. A., & Konik, Robert M. Signatures of rare states and thermalization in a theory with confinement. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.195108
Robinson, Neil J., James, Andrew J. A., and Konik, Robert M. Mon .
"Signatures of rare states and thermalization in a theory with confinement". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.195108. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1529074.
@article{osti_1529074,
title = {Signatures of rare states and thermalization in a theory with confinement},
author = {Robinson, Neil J. and James, Andrew J. A. and Konik, Robert M.},
abstractNote = {There is a dichotomy in the nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems. In the presence of integrability, expectation values of local operators equilibrate to values described by a generalized Gibbs ensemble, which retains extensive memory about the initial state of the system. On the other hand, in generic systems such expectation values relax to stationary values described by the thermal ensemble, fixed solely by the energy of the state. At the heart of understanding, this dichotomy is the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH): individual eigenstates in nonintegrable systems are thermal, in the sense that expectation values agree with the thermal prediction at a temperature set by the energy of the eigenstate. In systems where ETH is violated, thermalization can be avoided. Thus, establishing the range of validity of ETH is crucial in understanding whether a given quantum system thermalizes. Here, we study a simple model with confinement, the quantum Ising chain with a longitudinal field, in which ETH is violated. Despite an absence of integrability, there exist rare (nonthermal) states that persist far into the spectrum. These arise as a direct consequence of confinement: pairs of particles are confined, forming new “meson” excitations whose energy can be extensive in the system size. We show that such states are nonthermal in both the continuum and in the low-energy spectrum of the corresponding lattice model. Here, we highlight that the presence of such states within the spectrum has important consequences, with certain quenches leading to an absence of thermalization and local observables evolving anomalously.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.99.195108},
journal = {Physical Review B},
number = 19,
volume = 99,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon May 06 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Mon May 06 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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New theoretical approaches for correlated systems in nonequilibrium
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Real-time simulation of the Schwinger effect with matrix product states
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A Renormalization Group For Treating 2D Coupled Arrays of Continuum 1D Systems
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Breakdown of thermalization in finite one-dimensional systems
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Onset of quantum chaos in one-dimensional bosonic and fermionic systems and its relation to thermalization
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The ALPS project release 2.0: Open source software for strongly correlated systems
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Studying Two Dimensional Systems With the Density Matrix Renormalization Group
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Thermalization of a strongly interacting closed spin system: From coherent many-body dynamics to a Fokker-Planck equation
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Equilibration of quantum hard rods in one dimension
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Matrix-valued Boltzmann equation for the non-integrable Hubbard chain
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Ballistic spreading of entanglement in a diffusive nonintegrable system
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Quench Dynamics in a Model with Tuneable Integrability Breaking
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Excitations in the quantum paramagnetic phase of the quasi-one-dimensional Ising magnet CoNb$_2$O$_6$ in a transverse field: Geometric frustration and quantum renormalization effects
text, January 2014
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Glimmers of a Quantum KAM Theorem: Insights from Quantum Quenches in One Dimensional Bose Gases
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Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) and integrability in quantum spin chains
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Slowest local operators in quantum spin chains
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- arXiv
Quantum quenches in two spatial dimensions using chain array matrix product states
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- arXiv
Dynamics of many-body localisation in a translation invariant quantum glass model
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- arXiv
Confinement in the q-state Potts model: an RG-TCSA study
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- arXiv
Finding matrix product state representations of highly-excited eigenstates of many-body localized Hamiltonians
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- arXiv
Relaxation dynamics of ultracold bosons in a double-well potential: Thermalization and prethermalization in a nearly integrable model
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- Cosme, Jayson G.
- arXiv
From Quantum Chaos and Eigenstate Thermalization to Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics
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- arXiv
From confined spinons to emergent fermions: Observation of elementary magnetic excitations in a transverse-field Ising chain
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- arXiv
Eigenstate thermalization in the two-dimensional transverse field Ising model
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- arXiv
Quasilocal charges in integrable lattice systems
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- arXiv
Nonequilibrium quantum dynamics and transport: from integrability to many-body localization
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Equilibration Properties of Classical Integrable Field Theories
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- arXiv
Prethermalization and universal dynamics in near-integrable quantum systems
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- arXiv
Generalized Gibbs ensemble in integrable lattice models
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- arXiv
Hamiltonian truncation approach to quenches in the Ising field theory
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- arXiv
Rare region effects and dynamics near the many-body localization transition
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- arXiv
Real-time simulation of the Schwinger effect with Matrix Product States
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- arXiv
Non-perturbative methodologies for low-dimensional strongly-correlated systems: From non-abelian bosonization to truncated spectrum methods
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Quantum Slow Relaxation and Metastability due to Dynamical Constraints
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Exact Excited States of Non-Integrable Models
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Real-Time Dynamics of Typical and Untypical States in Non-Integrable Systems
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- arXiv
Quench dynamics of the Ising field theory in a magnetic field
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Symmetry breaking and localization in a random Schwinger model with commensuration
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Quantum scarred eigenstates in a Rydberg atom chain: entanglement, breakdown of thermalization, and stability to perturbations
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Periodic orbits, entanglement and quantum many-body scars in constrained models: matrix product state approach
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- arXiv
Signatures of integrability in the dynamics of Rydberg-blockaded chains
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Strongly correlated fermions after a quantum quench
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Non-integrable Quantum Field Theories as Perturbations of Certain Integrable Models
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