What Sets the Slope of the Molecular Kennicutt–Schmidt Relation?

Semenov, Vadim A.; Kravtsov, Andrey V.; Gnedin, Nickolay Y.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaf163

Title: What Sets the Slope of the Molecular Kennicutt–Schmidt Relation?

Journal Article · 10 January 2019 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf163 · OSTI ID:1510809

^[1];

^[1]; Gnedin, Nickolay Y. ^[2]

The Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)
The Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

The surface densities of molecular gas, Σ_H₂, and the star formation rate (SFR), Σ_*, correlate almost linearly on kiloparsec scales in observed star-forming (non-starburst) galaxies. We explore the origin of the linear slope of this correlation using a suite of isolated galaxy L_* simulations. We show that in simulations with efficient feedback, the slope of the Σ_* – Σ_H₂ relation on kiloparsec scales is insensitive to the slope of the ρ_* – ρ relation assumed at the resolution scale. We also find that the slope on kiloparsec scales depends on the criteria used to identify star-forming gas, with a linear slope arising in simulations that identify star-forming gas using a virial parameter threshold. This behavior can be understood using a simple theoretical model based on conservation of interstellar gas mass as the gas cycles between atomic, molecular, and star-forming states under the influence of feedback and dynamical processes. In particular, we show that the linear slope emerges when feedback efficiently regulates and stirs the evolution of dense, molecular gas. As a result we show that the model also provides insights into the likely origin of the relation between the SFR and molecular gas in real galaxies on different scales.

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Research Organization:: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359

OSTI ID:: 1510809

Report Number(s):: arXiv:1809.07328; FERMILAB-PUB-18-757-A; 1715029

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 870, Issue 2; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 13 works

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Combined CO & Dust Scaling Relations of Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions with Cosmic Time, Specific Star Formation Rate and Stellar Mass Genzel, R.; Tacconi, L. J.; Lutz, D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1409.1171	text	January 2014
Supernova Feedback in an Inhomogeneous Interstellar Medium Martizzi, Davide; Faucher-Giguere, Claude-Andre; Quataert, Eliot arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1409.4425	text	January 2014
The Relationship Between Molecular Gas, HI, and Star Formation in the Low-Mass, Low-Metallicity Magellanic Clouds Jameson, Katherine E.; Bolatto, Alberto D.; Leroy, Adam K. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1510.08084	text	January 2015
Non-universal star formation efficiency in turbulent ISM Semenov, Vadim A.; Kravtsov, Andrey V.; Gnedin, Nickolay Y. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1512.03101	text	January 2015
Enhanced Momentum Feedback from Clustered Supernovae Gentry, Eric S.; Krumholz, Mark R.; Dekel, Avishai arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1606.01242	text	January 2016
Observational Evidence of Dynamic Star Formation Rate in Milky Way Giant Molecular Clouds Lee, Eve J.; Miville-Deschenes, Marc-Antoine; Murray, Norman arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1608.05415	text	January 2016
The AGORA High-Resolution Galaxy Simulations Comparison Project. II: Isolated Disk Test Kim, Ji-hoon; Agertz, Oscar; Teyssier, Romain arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1610.03066	text	January 2016
Physical properties of molecular clouds for the entire Milky Way disk Miville-Deschênes, Marc-Antoine; Murray, Norman; Lee, Eve J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1610.05918	text	January 2016
A Kennicutt-Schmidt relation at molecular cloud scales and beyond Khoperskov, Sergey A.; Vasiliev, Evgenii O. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1702.08562	text	January 2017
Cloud Scale ISM Structure and Star Formation in M51 Leroy, Adam K.; Schinnerer, Eva; Hughes, Annie arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1706.08540	text	January 2017
The effect of non-equilibrium metal cooling on the interstellar medium Capelo, Pedro R.; Bovino, Stefano; Lupi, Alessandro arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.01302	text	January 2017
The natural emergence of the correlation between H2 and star formation rate surface densities in galaxy simulations Lupi, Alessandro; Bovino, Stefano; Capelo, Pedro R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.01315	text	January 2017
The EDGE-CALIFA survey: the influence of galactic rotation on the molecular depletion time across the Hubble sequence Colombo, D.; Kalinova, V.; Utomo, D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.03591	text	January 2017
On the Appearance of Thresholds in the Dynamical Model of Star Formation Elmegreen, Bruce G. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.04375	text	January 2018
The momentum budget of clustered supernova feedback in a 3D, magnetised medium Gentry, Eric S.; Krumholz, Mark R.; Madau, Piero arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1802.06860	text	January 2018
On the Origin of the Global Schmidt Law of Star Formation Kravtsov, Andrey V. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0303240	text	January 2003
HCN Survey of Normal Spiral, IR-luminous and Ultraluminous Galaxies Gao, Yu; Solomon, Philip M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0310341	text	January 2003
Connecting Dense Gas Tracers of Star Formation in our Galaxy to High-z Star Formation Wu, Jingwen; Evans, Neal J.; Gao, Yu arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0511424	text	January 2005
Effects of Baryons and Dissipation on the Matter Power Spectrum Rudd, Douglas H.; Zentner, Andrew R.; Kravtsov, Andrey V. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0703741	text	January 2007
The Structure of Cold Dark Matter Halos Navarro, Julio F.; Frenk, Carlos S.; White, Simon D. M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9508025	text	January 1995

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H2 chemistry in galaxy simulations: an improved supernova feedback model Lupi, Alessandro Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 484, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz100	journal	January 2019
H2 chemistry in galaxy simulations: an improved supernova feedback model Lupi, Alessandro arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1808.10184	text	January 2018

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