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Title: Ultrafast photonic micro-systems to manipulate hard X-rays at 300 picoseconds

Abstract

Time-resolved and ultrafast hard X-ray imaging, scattering and spectroscopy are powerful tools for elucidating the temporal and spatial evolution of complexity in materials. However, their temporal resolution has been limited by the storage-ring timing patterns and X-ray pulse width at synchrotron sources. Here we demonstrate that dynamic X-ray optics based on micro-electro-mechanical-system resonators can manipulate hard X-ray pulses on time scales down to 300 ps, comparable to the X-ray pulse width from typical synchrotron sources. This is achieved by timing the resonators with the storage ring to diffract X-ray pulses through the narrow Bragg peak of the single-crystalline material. Angular velocities exceeding 107 degrees s-1 are reached while maintaining the maximum linear velocity well below the sonic speed and material breakdown limit. As the time scale of the devices shortens, the devices promise to spatially disperse the temporal width of X-rays, thus generating a temporal resolution below the pulse-width limit.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]
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  1. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1510309
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Communications
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats

Chen, Pice, Jung, Il Woong, Walko, Donald A., Li, Zhilong, Gao, Ya, Shenoy, Gopal K., López, Daniel, and Wang, Jin. Ultrafast photonic micro-systems to manipulate hard X-rays at 300 picoseconds. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09077-1.
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Chen, Pice, Jung, Il Woong, Walko, Donald A., Li, Zhilong, Gao, Ya, Shenoy, Gopal K., López, Daniel, & Wang, Jin. Ultrafast photonic micro-systems to manipulate hard X-rays at 300 picoseconds. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09077-1
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Chen, Pice, Jung, Il Woong, Walko, Donald A., Li, Zhilong, Gao, Ya, Shenoy, Gopal K., López, Daniel, and Wang, Jin. Mon . "Ultrafast photonic micro-systems to manipulate hard X-rays at 300 picoseconds". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09077-1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1510309.
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@article{osti_1510309,
title = {Ultrafast photonic micro-systems to manipulate hard X-rays at 300 picoseconds},
author = {Chen, Pice and Jung, Il Woong and Walko, Donald A. and Li, Zhilong and Gao, Ya and Shenoy, Gopal K. and López, Daniel and Wang, Jin},
abstractNote = {Time-resolved and ultrafast hard X-ray imaging, scattering and spectroscopy are powerful tools for elucidating the temporal and spatial evolution of complexity in materials. However, their temporal resolution has been limited by the storage-ring timing patterns and X-ray pulse width at synchrotron sources. Here we demonstrate that dynamic X-ray optics based on micro-electro-mechanical-system resonators can manipulate hard X-ray pulses on time scales down to 300 ps, comparable to the X-ray pulse width from typical synchrotron sources. This is achieved by timing the resonators with the storage ring to diffract X-ray pulses through the narrow Bragg peak of the single-crystalline material. Angular velocities exceeding 107 degrees s-1 are reached while maintaining the maximum linear velocity well below the sonic speed and material breakdown limit. As the time scale of the devices shortens, the devices promise to spatially disperse the temporal width of X-rays, thus generating a temporal resolution below the pulse-width limit.},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-019-09077-1},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = 1,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Mar 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Mon Mar 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09077-1
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Cited by: 11 works
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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1 : Manipulation of hard X-ray pulses using a microelectromechanical-system (MEMS)-based oscillator. a Schematic of a rapidly oscillating singlecrystal micromirror in a torsional MEMS device that diffracts monochromatic X-rays at its Bragg angle. b Static crystal rocking curve around Bragg angle θB with a full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of ΔθB, typicallymore » several milli-degrees. c Around the instance that the single-crystal element rotates through the Bragg angle, the crystal rocking curve converts to a temporally dispersed diffractive time window (DTW) with a FWHM of Δtw. d When the DTW width is much wider than the X-ray pulse, but narrower than the pulse-to-pulse spacing, the MEMS can be utilized as an ultrafast pulse-picking device. e When the DTW is narrower than the X-ray pulse, the device creates X-ray pulses shorter than the incident pulse width in a form of pulse slicing in the time domain. f Dispersion/streaking of the X-ray pulse is possible, when the MEMS DTW is close to the incoming pulse width. g In the dispersion/ streaking mode using a position-sensitive detector (PSD), the oscillating MEMS converts the X-ray pulse in the time domain to a spatially dispersed signal that contains time-resolved, sub-pulse information« less
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